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  • 1
    Book
    Book
    University Park, Pa : Pennsylvania State University Press
    UID:
    gbv_277047315
    Format: XII, 250 S. , Ill.
    ISBN: 0271007885
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
    Language: English
    Subjects: English Studies
    RVK:
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  • 2
    UID:
    edochu_18452_27002
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (15 Seiten)
    ISSN: 0004-637X , 0004-637X
    Content: Ultraluminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs) have infrared luminosities LIR ≥ 1012L⊙, making them the most luminous objects in the infrared sky. These dusty objects are generally powered by starbursts with star formation rates that exceed 100 M⊙ yr−1, possibly combined with a contribution from an active galactic nucleus. Such environments make ULIRGs plausible sources of astrophysical high-energy neutrinos, which can be observed by the IceCube Neutrino Observatory at the South Pole. We present a stacking search for high-energy neutrinos from a representative sample of 75 ULIRGs with redshift z ≤ 0.13 using 7.5 yr of IceCube data. The results are consistent with a background-only observation, yielding upper limits on the neutrino flux from these 75 ULIRGs. For an unbroken E−2.5 power-law spectrum, we report an upper limit on the stacked flux ${{\rm{\Phi }}}_{{\nu }_{\mu }+{\bar{\nu }}_{\mu }}^{90 \% }=3.24\times {10}^{-14}\,{\mathrm{TeV}}^{-1}\,{\mathrm{cm}}^{-2}\,{{\rm{s}}}^{-1}\,{(E/10\,\mathrm{TeV})}^{-2.5}$ at 90% confidence level. In addition, we constrain the contribution of the ULIRG source population to the observed diffuse astrophysical neutrino flux as well as model predictions.
    Content: Peer Reviewed
    In: London : Institute of Physics Publ., 926,1, 0004-637X
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 3
    UID:
    edochu_18452_27169
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (13 Seiten)
    ISSN: 2041-8205 , 2041-8205
    Content: We present the first comprehensive search for high-energy neutrino emission from high- and low-mass X-ray binaries conducted by IceCube. Galactic X-ray binaries are long-standing candidates for the source of Galactic hadronic cosmic rays and neutrinos. The compact object in these systems can be the site of cosmic-ray acceleration, and neutrinos can be produced by interactions of cosmic rays with radiation or gas, in the jet of a microquasar, in the stellar wind, or in the atmosphere of the companion star. We study X-ray binaries using 7.5 yr of IceCube data with three separate analyses. In the first, we search for periodic neutrino emission from 55 binaries in the Northern Sky with known orbital periods. In the second, the X-ray light curves of 102 binaries across the entire sky are used as templates to search for time-dependent neutrino emission. Finally, we search for time-integrated emission of neutrinos for a list of 4 notable binaries identified as microquasars. In the absence of a significant excess, we place upper limits on the neutrino flux for each hypothesis and compare our results with theoretical predictions for several binaries. In addition, we evaluate the sensitivity of the next generation neutrino telescope at the South Pole, IceCube-Gen2, and demonstrate its power to identify potential neutrino emission from these binary sources in the Galaxy.
    Content: Peer Reviewed
    In: London : Institute of Physics Publ., 930,2, 2041-8205
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 4
    UID:
    edochu_18452_27864
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (17 Seiten)
    ISSN: 0004-637X , 0004-637X
    Content: Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are considered as promising sources of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) due to their large power output. Observing a neutrino flux from GRBs would offer evidence that GRBs are hadronic accelerators of UHECRs. Previous IceCube analyses, which primarily focused on neutrinos arriving in temporal coincidence with the prompt gamma-rays, found no significant neutrino excess. The four analyses presented in this paper extend the region of interest to 14 days before and after the prompt phase, including generic extended time windows and targeted precursor searches. GRBs were selected between 2011 May and 2018 October to align with the data set of candidate muon-neutrino events observed by IceCube. No evidence of correlation between neutrino events and GRBs was found in these analyses. Limits are set to constrain the contribution of the cosmic GRB population to the diffuse astrophysical neutrino flux observed by IceCube. Prompt neutrino emission from GRBs is limited to ≲1% of the observed diffuse neutrino flux, and emission on timescales up to 104 s is constrained to 24% of the total diffuse flux.
    Content: Peer Reviewed
    In: London : Institute of Physics Publ., 939,2, 0004-637X
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 5
    UID:
    edochu_18452_28339
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (30 Seiten)
    Content: IceCube, a cubic-kilometer array of optical sensors built to detect atmospheric and astrophysical neutrinos between 1 GeV and 1 PeV, is deployed 1.45 km to 2.45 km below the surface of the ice sheet at the South Pole. The classification and reconstruction of events from the in-ice detectors play a central role in the analysis of data from IceCube. Reconstructing and classifying events is a challenge due to the irregular detector geometry, inhomogeneous scattering and absorption of light in the ice and, below 100 GeV, the relatively low number of signal photons produced per event. To address this challenge, it is possible to represent IceCube events as point cloud graphs and use a Graph Neural Network (GNN) as the classification and reconstruction method. The GNN is capable of distinguishing neutrino events from cosmic-ray backgrounds, classifying different neutrino event types, and reconstructing the deposited energy, direction and interaction vertex. Based on simulation, we provide a comparison in the 1 GeV–100 GeV energy range to the current state-of-the-art maximum likelihood techniques used in current IceCube analyses, including the effects of known systematic uncertainties. For neutrino event classification, the GNN increases the signal efficiency by 18% at a fixed background rate, compared to current IceCube methods. Alternatively, the GNN offers a reduction of the background (i.e. false positive) rate by over a factor 8 (to below half a percent) at a fixed signal efficiency. For the reconstruction of energy, direction, and interaction vertex, the resolution improves by an average of 13%–20% compared to current maximum likelihood techniques in the energy range of 1 GeV–30 GeV. The GNN, when run on a GPU, is capable of processing IceCube events at a rate nearly double of the median IceCube trigger rate of 2.7 kHz, which opens the possibility of using low energy neutrinos in online searches for transient events.
    Content: Peer Reviewed
    In: London : Inst. of Physics, 17,11
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 6
    Book
    Book
    University Park, Pa. :Pennsylvania State Univ. Press,
    UID:
    almafu_BV007038540
    Format: XII, 250 S. : Ill.
    ISBN: 0-271-00788-5
    Content: Nature's Covenant, a reading of John Ruskin, including his neglected poems and early prose writings, brings forth a fresh awareness of his career as an interpreter of landscape, where landscape is conceived as a filter of human meaning, of aesthetic and theological significance. The book shows the correlation in Ruskin's work between the Reformed theology of his religious tradition and the Romantic poetics of literature that he sought to practice. It reconstructs the particular hermeneutic of landscape that Ruskin developed, a vision of the natural world that depended equally upon the Romantic/evangelical renovation of heart and eye and a remarkable articulation of the typology of nature. Ruskin's own theoria, or contemplation of nature's text, the full-scale development of which takes place in Modern Painters II, is revealed and explored, inviting renewed understanding of works both early and late, especially of certain key chapters of such often neglected works as the "Requiem" of St. Mark's Rest or the "Revision" of Deucalion. Finley shifts the emphasis away from the secularized readings of this century to recover lost religious meanings in Ruskin's critical writing, including his unpublished sermons. No previous modern study has focused on Ruskin's religious upbringing and its influence on his mature writings while countering the critical received orthodoxy about his faith, his "unconversion," and inevitable secularization often retold as part of the narrative of modernism, which proclaimed the necessary supersession of Victorian superstition by modern enlightenment. Because of its commitment to a reading of Ruskin's religious sense in light of his romantic inheritance, Nature's Covenant is also a book about Victorian romanticism, sharing in the current reevaluation of Wordsworth's later career, and in the renewed scholarly attention to Sir Walter Scott.
    Language: English
    Subjects: English Studies
    RVK:
    Keywords: 1819-1900 Ruskin, John ; Pastorale ; 1819-1900 Ruskin, John ; Landschaft ; 1819-1900 Ruskin, John ; Natur ; 1819-1900 Ruskin, John ; Typologische Exegese
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