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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Miracle or Mirage : What role can trade policies play in tackling global trade imbalances? (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    UID:
    b3kat_BV047936881
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (42 Seiten)
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers
    Content: Global trade imbalances narrowed in the aftermath of the global financial crisis. They have remained at a lower level but are still of concern to policy makers because of the risks they pose to individual economies, as well as globally. However, the ultimate causes of these imbalances are not fully clear. Current account positions reflect the gap between national saving and investment, which are in turn affected by policy distortions, including in trade policy. Simulations of the OECD's METRO model show liberalisation of existing trade distortions would modestly narrow aggregate trade imbalances in the medium term for some countries. Reducing tariffs, non-tariff measures and the combined market access and productivity-enhancing effects of pro-competitive measures in services all have some rebalancing potential. Liberalisation would also offer economically significant income gains for all countries. By contrast, narrowing trade imbalances using trade restrictions would come at disproportionately high economic costs for all countries
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1787/1a55f809-en
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Sectoral and regional distribution of export shocks : What do two hundred thousand UK firm observations say? (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    UID:
    b3kat_BV047936361
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (33 Seiten)
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers
    Content: This study explores the impact of export shocks on firms and re-aggregates results to derive distributional effects on sectors and regions. In a first step, firm level data are used to assess the empirical relationship between exports and three outcome variables - labour productivity, employment and wages. In a second step, an illustrative set of changes in trading relationships generate sectoral export shocks, which are simulated with the OECD METRO model of trade and subsequently fed into micro-level estimates. The method developed in this study can be applied to other countries, conditional on the availability of data. As an initial case study, the analysis is for the United Kingdom which has weak regional productivity outside London, partly related to sectoral and trade specialisation. In particular, the most productive regions are specialised in knowledge-intensive services and are more intensive in tradable services. The results suggest limited impacts of export shocks on sectoral employment, except for car and truck manufacturing, consistent with a high integration of the sector with European value chains. Labour productivity and wages are negatively affected across most sectors, but the effects are smaller on the services sector relative to the goods sector. Given that services activities are concentrated in more productive regions, these regions are more resilient to shocks. The United Kingdom has a strong comparative advantage in services sectors and promoting the opening of global services markets would be an important way to offset potential negative impacts of export shocks on the other sectors of the economy
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1787/e5f21088-en
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Influencing GVCs through agro-food policy and reform (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    UID:
    gbv_1664510095
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 45 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD food, agriculture and fisheries papers no. 125
    Content: Global value chains (GVCs) in agriculture and food sectors contribute to sector growth and development. However, agricultural trade is subject to significant distortions that limit trade which in turn impacts on its competitiveness world-wide. Using the OECD Metro model, this study analyses the impact of trade and domestic support policies on participation in agro-food GVCs and the benefits that flow from them. The results show that current market access barriers and distorting forms of domestic support have a negative effect not only on welfare, but also on the possible benefits from participation in agro-food GVCs. If barriers, i.e. tariffs and quotas, were removed this would offer the potential to increase welfare, increase exports of agro-food domestic value added from all countries, and promote trade by furthering GVC links through value added. This study also shows that regional trade agreements have the potential to deepen GVC linkages amongst members.
    Language: English
    Keywords: Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    DOI: 10.1787/9ce888e0-en
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Author information: Flaig, Dorothee
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    Stabi Berlin
    UB Potsdam
  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Evaluation of the relevance of border protection for agriculture in Switzerland (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    UID:
    gbv_1019410345
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 72 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD food, agriculture and fisheries papers no. 109
    Content: Switzerland’s overarching agricultural policy objectives reflect societal concerns about various production aspects of agriculture, such as environmental sustainability and animal welfare, and the expectation that agriculture will provide public goods demanded by society. Among the various policy instruments used by Switzerland to achieve these objectives, border protection represents a significant component of support. This study assesses the relevance of border protection for agriculture in Switzerland. It finds that border protection is not relevant for achieving the overarching objectives of Swiss agricultural policy, with one exception. By stimulating domestic production, high levels of border protection ensure that Switzerland meets its target rate of gross food production. But border protection is unlikely to deliver the other outcomes and public goods desired by Swiss society. This is because support provided through border protection is not conditional on delivery of the outcomes and public goods demanded by Swiss society, and is untargeted towards the activities, inputs and regions most strongly related to those outcomes and public goods. Moreover, border protection imposes significant costs on the Swiss economy. The study concludes by proposing alternative policies in place of border protection.
    Language: English
    Keywords: Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    DOI: 10.1787/6e3dc493-en
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    Author information: Adenäuer, Lucie
    Author information: Flaig, Dorothee
    Author information: Tongeren, Frank W. van 1961-
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    Stabi Berlin
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Miracle or mirage : what role can trade policies play in tackling global trade imbalances? (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    UID:
    gbv_1034114816
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 43 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department working papers no. 1473
    Content: Global trade imbalances narrowed in the aftermath of the global financial crisis. They have remained at a lower level but are still of concern to policy makers because of the risks they pose to individual economies, as well as globally. However, the ultimate causes of these imbalances are not fully clear. Current account positions reflect the gap between national saving and investment, which are in turn affected by policy distortions, including in trade policy. Simulations of the OECD’s METRO model show liberalisation of existing trade distortions would modestly narrow aggregate trade imbalances in the medium term for some countries. Reducing tariffs, non-tariff measures and the combined market access and productivity-enhancing effects of pro-competitive measures in services all have some rebalancing potential. Liberalisation would also offer economically significant income gains for all countries. By contrast, narrowing trade imbalances using trade restrictions would come at disproportionately high economic costs for all countries.
    Note: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
    Language: English
    Keywords: Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    DOI: 10.1787/1a55f809-en
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Author information: Flaig, Dorothee
    Author information: Tongeren, Frank W. van 1961-
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    Stabi Berlin
    UB Potsdam
  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The future of global value chains : Business as usual or "a new normal"? (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    UID:
    b3kat_BV047937674
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (58 Seiten)
    Series Statement: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Policy Papers
    Content: The rapid growth of global value chains (GVCs) has been an important driver of globalisation during the past decades. But the international fragmentation of production appears to have lost momentum and GVCs seem to have stalled in recent years. The world economy is facing a number of structural shifts that may dramatically change the outlook of GVCs in the coming years. The empirical evidence evaluating the potential impact of these shifts however largely lags behind, which makes these discussions somewhat speculative. By describing how these shifts will likely evolve over the next 10 to 15 years and calculating their effects on global production and trade, the scenarios in this paper offers new - empirically funded - insights on the future of GVCs
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1787/d8da8760-en
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Emerging Policy Issues : Localisation Barriers to Trade (2015)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    UID:
    b3kat_BV047933224
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (125 Seiten) , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Trade Policy Papers
    Content: Despite the predominately negative evidence of the impact of local content requirements on trade, they continue to play a significant role in trade policy. This has been particularly true since the financial crisis of 2008. The work presented here provides new evidence of the detrimental effects these policies have on the imposing country's own economy. Most empirical studies have focused on the long run inefficiencies associated with LCRs, notably in the effected sector. This paper highlights the costs to other sectors in the economy, the different impacts on intermediate versus final demand, and the declines in trade in third-party economies, despite not engaging in direct trade with the imposing country. Economies imposing LCRs experience a decrease in exports in non-LCR effected sectors and a growing concentration of domestic activity in a few targeted sectors, undermining potential growth and innovation on a broader scale. The paper concludes by offering policy alternatives
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1787/5js1m6v5qd5j-en
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Quantifying the Effects of Trade Liberalisation in Brazil : A Computable General Equilibrium Model (CGE) Simulation (2016)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    UID:
    b3kat_BV047931120
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (40 Seiten) , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers
    Content: Brazil remains a fairly closed economy, with small trade flows relative to its share of world income. This paper explores the effects of three possible policy reforms to strengthen Brazil's integration into global trade: a reduction in import tariffs, less local content requirements and a full zero-rating of exports in indirect taxes. A simulation analysis using the OECD Multi-Region Trade CGE model suggests that current policies are holding back exports, production and investment in Brazil. The model simulations suggest significant scope for trade policy reforms to strengthen industrial development and export competitiveness. Results also show that the expansion of investment and production would be accompanied by significant employment gains. Moreover, employment growth is higher for low-skilled occupations, implying that a major trade and tax policy reform aiming at liberalising trade flows would particularly help those at the lower end of the income distribution
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1787/5jm0qwmff2kf-en
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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    FU Berlin
    EUV Frankfurt
  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Influencing GVCs through Agro-Food Policy and Reform (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    UID:
    b3kat_BV047934055
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (44 Seiten)
    Series Statement: OECD Food, Agriculture and Fisheries Papers
    Content: Global value chains (GVCs) in agriculture and food sectors contribute to sector growth and development. However, agricultural trade is subject to significant distortions that limit trade which in turn impacts on its competitiveness world-wide. Using the OECD Metro model, this study analyses the impact of trade and domestic support policies on participation in agro-food GVCs and the benefits that flow from them. The results show that current market access barriers and distorting forms of domestic support have a negative effect not only on welfare, but also on the possible benefits from participation in agro-food GVCs. If barriers, i.e. tariffs and quotas, were removed this would offer the potential to increase welfare, increase exports of agro-food domestic value added from all countries, and promote trade by furthering GVC links through value added. This study also shows that regional trade agreements have the potential to deepen GVC linkages amongst members
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1787/9ce888e0-en
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
    Online Access
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    FU Berlin
    EUV Frankfurt
  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Evaluation of the relevance of border protection for agriculture in Switzerland (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    UID:
    b3kat_BV047934773
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (72 Seiten)
    Series Statement: OECD Food, Agriculture and Fisheries Papers
    Content: Switzerland's overarching agricultural policy objectives reflect societal concerns about various production aspects of agriculture, such as environmental sustainability and animal welfare, and the expectation that agriculture will provide public goods demanded by society. Among the various policy instruments used by Switzerland to achieve these objectives, border protection represents a significant component of support. This study assesses the relevance of border protection for agriculture in Switzerland. It finds that border protection is not relevant for achieving the overarching objectives of Swiss agricultural policy, with one exception. By stimulating domestic production, high levels of border protection ensure that Switzerland meets its target rate of gross food production. But border protection is unlikely to deliver the other outcomes and public goods desired by Swiss society. This is because support provided through border protection is not conditional on delivery of the outcomes and public goods demanded by Swiss society, and is untargeted towards the activities, inputs and regions most strongly related to those outcomes and public goods. Moreover, border protection imposes significant costs on the Swiss economy. The study concludes by proposing alternative policies in place of border protection
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1787/6e3dc493-en
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Online Resource
    Online Access
    Open Access Request
    FU Berlin
    EUV Frankfurt
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