Kooperativer Bibliotheksverbund

UID:

Format: 1 Online-Ressource (p)

ISBN: 9780821387658 , 9780821387665

Note: Includes bibliographical references

Language: English

DOI: 10.1596/978-0-8213-8765-8

URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)

URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)

UID:

Format: pages ; , cm.

ISBN: 9780821387658 (alk. paper) , 9780821387665 (eISBN)

Series Statement: World Bank e-Library.

Additional Edition: Print Version: ISBN 9780821387658

Language: English

URL: http://elibrary.worldbank.org/doi/book/10.1596/978-0-8213-8765-8

UID:

Format: 1 Online-Ressource (136 pages)

ISBN: 9781464803314

Series Statement: World Bank Studies

Content: Ethiopia's model for delivering basic services appears to be succeeding and to confirm that services improve when service providers are more accountable to citizens. As discussed in the World Development Report 2004, accountability for delivering basic services can take an indirect, long route, in which citizens influence service providers through government, or a more direct, short route between service providers and citizens. When the long, indirect route of accountability is ineffective, service delivery can suffer, especially among poor or marginalized citizens who find it challenging to express their views to policymakers. In Ethiopia, the indirect route of accountability works well precisely because of decentralization. Service providers are strictly accountable to local governments for producing results, but in turn, the local authorities are held accountable by the regional and federal governments. A degree of local competition for power and influence helps to induce local authorities and service provides to remain open to feedback from citizens and take responsibility for results. The direct route of accountability has been reinforced by measures to strengthen financial transparency and accountability (educating citizens on local budgets and publicly providing information on budgets and service delivery goals), social accountability (improving citizens' opportunities to provide feedback directly to local administrators and service providers), and impartial procedures to redress grievances. Woreda-level (district) spending has been a very effective strategy for Ethiopia to attain its Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). Woreda health and education goes to pay for health extension workers (HEWs) and teachers. This study finds evidence that woreda-level spending in health and education is effective. Owing to the intervention of HEWs, the use of health services has increased, especially among the poorest quintiles. Finally, the effect of woreda-level spending on agricultural extension workers is associated with higher yields for major crops. Spending on agricultural extension workers increases the probability that farmers, regardless of the size of their plots, will use improved farming techniques. Education, health, and agriculture account for 97 percent of woreda spending. This is complemented by support for capacity building and citizen voice. Clearly, spending efficiency is improved through better capacity, more transparency, and greater accountability to citizens

Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe ISBN 9781464803314

Language: English

URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich

URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)

UID:

Format: XLIII, 177 S. , graph. Darst., Kt.

ISBN: 9780821387658

Series Statement: Africa human development series

Note: Includes bibliographical references

Additional Edition: ISBN 9780821387665

Language: English

Subjects: Economics

Keywords: Äthiopien ; Mangelernährung ; Bekämpfung ; Unterernährung ; Graue Literatur

DOI: 10.1596/978-0-8213-8765-8

URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis

UID:

Format: pages ; , cm.

Edition: 1st ed.

ISBN: 1-283-49171-0 , 9786613491718 , 0-8213-8766-9

Series Statement: Africa human development series

Content: Despite recent progress, malnutrition remains a severe problem in Ethiopia, especially among young children. Many of them suffer lifelong consequences in terms of higher risk of mortality and future illness, impaired cognitive ability (including lower IQ) and educational attainment, and overall productivity loss. This report provides the findings from an in-depth data-based analysis of malnutrition in Ethiopia and its causes. It assesses various aspects of current nutrition programming in the country, noting the importance of Ethiopia's first National Nutrition Strategy and National Nutrition

Note: Description based upon print version of record. , Table of Contents; Foreword; Acknowledgments; Abbreviations; Glossary; Executive Summary; CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION; Malnutrition: Definition, Causes, and Consequences; Food Security versus Nutrition Security; A Snapshot of Malnutrition in Ethiopia; Notes; CHAPTER 2. WHO IS MALNOURISHED IN ETHIOPIA AND WHY? FINDINGS FROM A DISAGGREGATED ANALYSIS; Stunting, Wasting, and Underweight: Disparities by Region and Level of Wealth; Determinants of Child Stunting and Wasting; Links between Food Security Status and Malnutrition; Suboptimal Breast-Feeding Practices: Scope of the Problem and Causes , Vitamin A Intake: A Disaggregated Focus Iodine Intake and Salt Iodization; Iron Deficiency Anemia: A Disaggregated Focus; Notes; CHAPTER 3. CURRENT PROGRAMS IN ETHIOPIA; Programs That Give Food or Cash; Programs That Do Not Give Food or Cash, Other Than Those Focusing on Community Volunteers; Programs with a Strong Community Volunteer Focus; A Closer Look at Four Programs Affecting Nutrition in Ethiopia; Notes; CHAPTER 4. ASSESSING THE COSTS AND BENEFITS OF NUTRITION-RELATED PROGRAMS; Methods and Limitations of Cost-Effectiveness and Benefit-Cost Analysis of Nutrition Interventions in Ethiopia , Costing of Interventions and Effect on Mortality Nonquantitative Assessment of an Intervention's Impacts; Impact on Economic Productivity; Impact on Mental Ability; Total Impacts on Mortality, Economic Productivity, and Mental Ability; Community Volunteer Programs; The Health Extension Program: Health Extension Workers; Major Findings and Implications; Notes; CHAPTER 5. A TARGETED, MULTISECTORAL APPROACH TO COMBATING MALNUTRITION IN ETHIOPIA; The National Nutrition Program: A Harmonized, Programmatic Approach; Strengthening Coordination between Programs and with the Private Sector , Nutrition Information and Surveillance Optimal Targeting of Nutrition-Related Programs; Targeting: A Summary; Notes; APPENDIX A. RESULTS FROM REGRESSION ANALYSES; APPENDIX B. ASSUMPTIONS FOR THE COSTING OF NUTRITION INTERVENTIONS; REFERENCES; INDEX; BOXES; 2.1 Previous Analysis of the Relationship between Nutrition Security and Food Security; 2.2 Breast-Feeding Practices in North Wollo, Ethiopia, 2002; 5.1 Program Coordination and Linkages in SNNP; FIGURES; 1 Malnutrition Rates in Under-Five Children from Households with Varying Degrees of Self-Reported Food Insecurity, 2004 , 2 Prevalence of Underweight Children in Woredas in the First Phase of the CBN Program, by Region, 2008-103 Benefit-Cost Ratios for Current and Potential Interventions; 4 Under-Five Deaths Averted and Cost per Capita for Various Interventions; 5 Percentage of Households Reporting Food Shortage within Previous 12 Months in Woredas, by Food Security Designation; 6 Total Stunting and Wasting Rates in Woredas, by Food Security Designation, 2004; 7 Stunting and Wasting Rates in Woredas Grouped by the Number of Major Programs Affecting Nutrition, 2004 , 1.1 Gini Coefficient in Rural and Urban Areas in Ethiopia, 1995-2005 , English

Additional Edition: ISBN 0-8213-8765-0

Language: English

UID:

Format: xliii, 177 p. : , ill.

Edition: Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, MI : ProQuest, 2015. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest affiliated libraries.

Series Statement: Africa human development series

Language: English

Keywords: Electronic books.

URL: Click to View

UID:

Format: pages ; , cm.

Edition: 1st ed.

ISBN: 1-283-49171-0 , 9786613491718 , 0-8213-8766-9

Series Statement: Africa human development series

Content: Despite recent progress, malnutrition remains a severe problem in Ethiopia, especially among young children. Many of them suffer lifelong consequences in terms of higher risk of mortality and future illness, impaired cognitive ability (including lower IQ) and educational attainment, and overall productivity loss. This report provides the findings from an in-depth data-based analysis of malnutrition in Ethiopia and its causes. It assesses various aspects of current nutrition programming in the country, noting the importance of Ethiopia's first National Nutrition Strategy and National Nutrition

Note: Description based upon print version of record. , Table of Contents; Foreword; Acknowledgments; Abbreviations; Glossary; Executive Summary; CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION; Malnutrition: Definition, Causes, and Consequences; Food Security versus Nutrition Security; A Snapshot of Malnutrition in Ethiopia; Notes; CHAPTER 2. WHO IS MALNOURISHED IN ETHIOPIA AND WHY? FINDINGS FROM A DISAGGREGATED ANALYSIS; Stunting, Wasting, and Underweight: Disparities by Region and Level of Wealth; Determinants of Child Stunting and Wasting; Links between Food Security Status and Malnutrition; Suboptimal Breast-Feeding Practices: Scope of the Problem and Causes , Vitamin A Intake: A Disaggregated Focus Iodine Intake and Salt Iodization; Iron Deficiency Anemia: A Disaggregated Focus; Notes; CHAPTER 3. CURRENT PROGRAMS IN ETHIOPIA; Programs That Give Food or Cash; Programs That Do Not Give Food or Cash, Other Than Those Focusing on Community Volunteers; Programs with a Strong Community Volunteer Focus; A Closer Look at Four Programs Affecting Nutrition in Ethiopia; Notes; CHAPTER 4. ASSESSING THE COSTS AND BENEFITS OF NUTRITION-RELATED PROGRAMS; Methods and Limitations of Cost-Effectiveness and Benefit-Cost Analysis of Nutrition Interventions in Ethiopia , Costing of Interventions and Effect on Mortality Nonquantitative Assessment of an Intervention's Impacts; Impact on Economic Productivity; Impact on Mental Ability; Total Impacts on Mortality, Economic Productivity, and Mental Ability; Community Volunteer Programs; The Health Extension Program: Health Extension Workers; Major Findings and Implications; Notes; CHAPTER 5. A TARGETED, MULTISECTORAL APPROACH TO COMBATING MALNUTRITION IN ETHIOPIA; The National Nutrition Program: A Harmonized, Programmatic Approach; Strengthening Coordination between Programs and with the Private Sector , Nutrition Information and Surveillance Optimal Targeting of Nutrition-Related Programs; Targeting: A Summary; Notes; APPENDIX A. RESULTS FROM REGRESSION ANALYSES; APPENDIX B. ASSUMPTIONS FOR THE COSTING OF NUTRITION INTERVENTIONS; REFERENCES; INDEX; BOXES; 2.1 Previous Analysis of the Relationship between Nutrition Security and Food Security; 2.2 Breast-Feeding Practices in North Wollo, Ethiopia, 2002; 5.1 Program Coordination and Linkages in SNNP; FIGURES; 1 Malnutrition Rates in Under-Five Children from Households with Varying Degrees of Self-Reported Food Insecurity, 2004 , 2 Prevalence of Underweight Children in Woredas in the First Phase of the CBN Program, by Region, 2008-103 Benefit-Cost Ratios for Current and Potential Interventions; 4 Under-Five Deaths Averted and Cost per Capita for Various Interventions; 5 Percentage of Households Reporting Food Shortage within Previous 12 Months in Woredas, by Food Security Designation; 6 Total Stunting and Wasting Rates in Woredas, by Food Security Designation, 2004; 7 Stunting and Wasting Rates in Woredas Grouped by the Number of Major Programs Affecting Nutrition, 2004 , 1.1 Gini Coefficient in Rural and Urban Areas in Ethiopia, 1995-2005 , English

Additional Edition: ISBN 0-8213-8765-0

Language: English

UID:

Format: S.

ISBN: 9780821387658 , 9780821387665

Language: English

URL: Volltext

UID:

Format: 1 Online-Ressource

ISBN: 9780821387658

Series Statement: Africa Human Development Series

Content: Malnutrition can be transient like an acute disease. More often, it is chronic, a lifelong, intergenerational condition beginning early in life and continuing into old age. Most under-nutrition starts during pregnancy and the first two years of life. After a child reaches 24 months of age, damage from early malnutrition is irreversible. Various indicators are commonly used to measure and monitor malnutrition, including rates of stunting, wasting, and underweight among children under five years of age (see the glossary for definitions and explanations). Stunting is a measure of long-term, chronic malnutrition. Wasting is a measure of more transient, acute, but reversible malnutrition. These two measures are often not highly correlated. Underweight is a composite index of stunting and wasting; an underweight child can be stunted, wasted, or both. The government of Ethiopia formulated and approved the first National Nutrition Strategy in February 2008 to concentrate efforts on reducing malnutrition. The National Nutrition Program was approved in December 2008 to implement the strategy following a programmatic approach. The Ministry of Health is the lead agency overseeing the program and implementing its key aspects; other ministries and sectors are also involved in the multisectoral effort to reduce malnutrition

Note: Africa , Ethiopia , English

Language: Undetermined

URL: kostenfrei

URL: kostenfrei

UID:

Format: 1 Online-Ressource

ISBN: 9781464803314

Content: Ethiopia, like most developing countries, has opted to deliver services such as basic education, primary health care, agricultural extension advice, water, and rural roads through a highly decentralized system (Manor 1999; Treisman 2007). That choice is based on several decades of theoretical analysis examining how a decentralized government might respond better to diverse local needs and provide public goods more efficiently than a highly centralized government. Ethiopia primarily manages the delivery of basic services at the woreda (district) level. Those services are financed predominantly through intergovernmental fiscal transfers (IGFTs) from the federal to the regional and then the woreda administrations, although some woredas raise a small amount of revenue to support local services. Since 2006, development partners and the government have cofinanced block grants for decentralized services through the Promoting Basic Services (PBS) Program. Aside from funding the delivery of services, the program supports measures to improve the quality of services and local governments capacity to deliver them by strengthening accountability and citizen voice

Note: Africa , Ethiopia , English , en_US

Language: Undetermined

URL: kostenfrei

URL: kostenfrei