UID:
edocfu_9959227756302883
Format:
1 online resource (185 p.)
ISBN:
0-19-026790-9
,
1-280-59566-3
,
9786613625496
,
0-19-991384-6
Content:
Understanding the functioning of ecosystems requires the understanding of the interactions between consumer species and their resources. How do these interactions affect the variations of population abundances? How do population abundances determine the impact of predators on their prey? The view defended in this book is that the ""null model"" that most ecologists tend to use is inappropriate because it assumes that the amount of prey consumed by each predator is insensitive to the number of conspecifics. The authors argue that the amount of prey available per predator, rather than the absolu
Note:
Description based upon print version of record.
,
Cover; Contents; Acknowledgments; Acronyms and Symbols; Introduction; 1. Alternative Theories of Trophic Interaction; 1.1 Monod versus Contois: Resource-Dependent and Ratio-Dependent Bacteria; 1.2 The Standard Predator-Prey Model of Ecology; 1.3 The Arditi-Ginzburg Ratio-Dependent Model; 1.4 Donor Control and Ratio Dependence; 1.5 Predator-Dependent Models; 1.6 What Happens at Low Density? The Gradual Interference Hypothesis; 1.7 Biomass Conversion; 2. Direct Measurements of the Functional Response; 2.1 Insect Predators and Parasitoids, Snails, Fish, and Others: Laboratory Measurements
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2.1.1 Manipulating the Consumer Density Alone2.1.2 Measuring Interference in the Presence of a Saturating Functional Response; 2.1.3 The Arditi-Akçhakaya Predator-Dependent Model; 2.1.4 Application to Literature Data; 2.1.5 Does Interference Increase Gradually?; 2.2 Wasps and Chrysomelids: A Field Experiment; 2.3 Wolves and Moose: Field Observations; 2.3.1 Wolf Social Structure and Spatial Scales; 2.3.2 Model Fitting and Model Selection Methods; 2.3.3 The Wolf-Moose Functional Response Is Ratio Dependent; 2.4 Additional Direct Tests of Ratio Dependence; 2.4.1 Bark Beetles; 2.4.2 Shrimp
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2.4.3 Egg Parasitoids2.4.4 Benthic Flatworms; 2.5 Identifying the Functional Response in Time Series; 2.6 Concluding Summary; 3. Indirect Evidence: Food Chain Equilibria; 3.1 Cascading Responses to Harvesting at the Top of the Food Chain; 3.2 Enrichment Response When the Number of Trophic Levels is Fixed; 3.3 Enrichment Response When the Number of Trophic Levels Increases with Enrichment; 3.4 Why the World is Green; 3.5 The Paradox of Enrichment; 3.6 Donor Control and Stability of Food Webs; 4. How Gradual Interference and Ratio Dependence Emerge
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4.1 Experimental Evidence of the Role of Predator Clustering on the Functional Response4.1.1 An Aquatic Microcosm Experiment; 4.1.2 Predator Aggregations Lead to Ratio Dependence; 4.2 Refuges and Donor Control; 4.2.1 A Simple Exploratory Theoretical Model; 4.2.2 From Donor Control to Ratio Dependence; 4.3 The Role of Directed Movements in the Formation of Population Spatial Structures; 4.3.1 Self-Organization Due to Accelerated Movement; 4.3.2 Spatially Structured Predator-Prey Systems; 4.3.3 How Ratio Dependence Emerges From Directed Movement; 4.4 Ratio Dependence and Biological Control
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4.4.1 The Biological Control Paradox4.4.2 Trophotaxis and Biological Control; 4.5 Emergence of Gradual Interference: An Individual-Based Approach; 4.5.1 A Qualitative Model Based on Predator Home Ranges; 4.5.2 An Individual-Based Model Based on Trophotaxis; 5. The Ratio Dependence Controversy; 5.1 Evidence of Ratio Dependence is Often Concealed in the Literature; 5.2 The Paradox of Enrichment and the Cascading Enrichment Response: Is There Any Evidence That They Exist?; 5.3 The Fallacy of Instantism; 5.4 How the Ratio-Dependent Model Serves the Debate on the Causes of Cyclicity
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5.5 Mechanistic versus Phenomenological Theories
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English
Additional Edition:
ISBN 0-19-991383-8
Language:
English
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