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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Carbon Tax in an Economy with Informality : A Computable General Equilibrium Analysis for Cote D'Ivoire (2021)
    Washington, D.C. :The World Bank,
    Details
    UID:
    almafu_9960054841202883
    Format: 1 online resource (44 pages)
    Series Statement: Policy research working papers.
    Content: In an economy with substantial informality, a carbon tax can produce fiscal co-benefits that improve economic performance in addition to reducing carbon dioxide emissions. If the carbon tax revenues are used to cut production or labor taxes on formal firms, particularly those not in the energy sector, the cost of imposing the carbon tax is reduced, and there may even be net economic benefits. These tax cuts can also provide an incentive for informal firms to move to formal parts of the economy. This study confirms these hypotheses using a computable general equilibrium model for Cote d'Ivoire. However, the scale and even the sign of overall economic impacts and formal-informal sectoral interactions are sensitive to the scheme and scale of revenue recycling. The largest fiscal co-benefits, in terms of gross domestic product and economic welfare gains, would occur when the entire carbon tax revenue, after keeping the government revenue neutral, is used to cut existing labor or production taxes for non-energy formal firms. Reducing the existing value-added tax also increases gross domestic product and economic welfare, but without reducing the informality. The study also shows that energy producers should be exempted from using the carbon tax revenues to cut their production or labor taxes; otherwise, carbon dioxide reduction decreases due to a rebound effect. Although a carbon tax with lump-sum transfers of revenues is progressive, it would be economically inefficient because of gross domestic product and welfare reduction and lack of incentives to encourage informal activities to move to the formal parts of the economy.
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-9710
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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    Fulltext
    FU Berlin
    UB Potsdam
    EUV Frankfurt
    HTW Berlin
    Charité
    MPI Bildungsforschung
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Financing Low-Carbon Transitions through Carbon Pricing and Green Bonds / (2019)
    Washington, D.C. :The World Bank,
    Details
    UID:
    almafu_9959137488502883
    Format: 1 online resource (24 pages)
    Series Statement: Policy research working papers.
    Content: To finance the transition to low-carbon economies required to mitigate climate change, countries are increasingly using a combination of carbon pricing and green bonds. This paper studies the reasoning behind such policy mixes and the economic interaction effects that result from these different policy instruments. The paper models these interactions using an inter-temporal model that proposes burden sharing between current and future generations. The issuance of green bonds helps to enable immediate investment in climate change mitigation and adaptation, and the bonds would be repaid by future generations in such a way that those who benefit from reduced future environmental damage share in the burden of financing the mitigation efforts undertaken today. The paper examines the effects of combining green bonds and carbon pricing in a three-phase model and uses a numerical solution procedure that allows for finite-horizon solutions and phase changes. The paper shows that green bonds perform better when they are combined with carbon pricing. The proposed policy option appears to be politically more feasible than a green transition based only on carbon pricing, and it is more prudent for debt sustainability than a green transition that relies overly on green bonds.
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-8991
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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    FU Berlin
    EUV Frankfurt
    HTW Berlin
    Charité
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Regional Carbon Pricing for International Maritime Transport : Challenges and Opportunities for Global Geographical Coverage (2018)
    Washington, D.C. :The World Bank,
    Details
    UID:
    almafu_9958383578002883
    Format: 1 online resource (26 pages)
    Series Statement: Policy research working papers.
    Content: Although the existing literature identifies a fuel levy imposed by means of a global agreement as the most efficient policy for carbon pricing in the maritime sector, scholars and policy makers debate the possibility for regional measures to be introduced in case a global agreement cannot be achieved. This debate has highlighted several economic, legal, and political challenges that the implementation of an efficient and effective regional scheme would have to face. This paper compares the relative performance of various regional measures for carbon pricing based on the following criteria: jurisdictional basis, data availability, environmental effectiveness and avoidance strategies, impact on competitiveness, differentiation for developing countries, and incentives for reaching a global agreement. The main finding is that, if carefully designed, a cargo-based measure that covers the emissions released throughout the whole voyage to the cargo destination presents various advantages compared with other carbon pricing schemes. These advantages have been largely ignored in the literature.
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-8319
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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    Online Resource
    Fulltext
    FU Berlin
    EUV Frankfurt
    HTW Berlin
    Charité
  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Environmental Fiscal Reform in Morocco : Options and Pathways (2019)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    UID:
    b3kat_BV048273332
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Content: In response to the reques ...
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1596/34030
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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    Online Resource
    Fulltext
    UB Potsdam
    EUV Frankfurt
    HTW Berlin
    MPI Bildungsforschung
  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Environmental tax reform : principles from theory and practice to date (2012)
    Washington, DC :International Monetary Fund,
    Details
    UID:
    almafu_9958059016502883
    Format: 1 online resource (40 p.)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 1-4755-2414-5 , 1-4755-5235-1
    Series Statement: IMF working paper ; 12/180
    Content: This paper recommends a system of upstream taxes on fossil fuels, combined with refunds for downstream emissions capture, to reduce carbon and local pollution emissions. Motor fuel taxes should also account for congestion and other externalities associated with vehicle use, at least until mileage-based taxes are widely introduced. An examination of existing energy/environmental tax systems in Germany, Sweden, Turkey, and Vietnam suggests that there is substantial scope for policy reform. This includes harmonizing taxes for pollution content across different fuels and end-users, better aligning tax rates with values for externalities, and scaling back taxes on vehicle ownership and electricity use that are redundant (on environmental grounds) in the presence of more targeted taxes.
    Note: Description based upon print version of record. , Cover; Abstract; Contents; I. Introduction; Figures; 1. Revenues from Environmentally Related Taxation, 2008; II. Principles of Environmental Tax Design; A. Tax Design in a (Hypothetical) Economy with a Single Externality Distortion; 2. Welfare Effects of Environmental Taxes in the Pigouvian Framework; Boxes; 1. Uncertainties in Measuring Local Pollution Damages; 2. The Problems with Tax 'Notches'; B. Multiple-Externality Situations; C. Other Pre-Existing Distortions; 3. Distortions in Technology Markets; 4. Coverage of Energy under the Value-Added Tax System , D. Some Practical Concerns: Distribution and CompetitivenessE. Summary; III. Environmental Tax Systems and Reforms: The Case of Germany, Sweden, Turkey, and Vietnam; 5. Environmental Tax Reforms in Sweden, Germany, Turkey, and Vietnam; A. Comparing Energy Systems in Sweden, Germany, Turkey, and Vietnam; 3. Fuel Mix in Electricity Generation; B. Externality Assessment; 4. Fuel Mix in Total Energy Consumption; C. Evaluating Environmental Tax Systems; 5. Coal Externalities and Taxes; 6. Natural Gas Externalities and Taxes; 7. Light Fuel Oil Externalities and Taxes; D. Conclusion; References , English
    Additional Edition: ISBN 1-4755-8056-8
    Additional Edition: ISBN 1-4755-0528-0
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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    FU Berlin
    Charité
    MPI Bildungsforschung
  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Broadband internet, labor demand, and total factor productivity in Colombia (2018)
    Washington, D.C. : World Bank Group, Finance, Competitiveness and Innovation Global Practice Group
    Details
    UID:
    gbv_1016180543
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 29 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 8318
    Content: This paper studies the relationship between information and communication technology, labor demand, and total factor productivity in Colombia. It estimates total factor productivity for the Colombian manufacturing sector using a method that assumes a law of motion where total factor productivity evolves according to an autoregressive process of order 1 as well as with the past use of broadband technologies. Using fixed effects models, the paper estimates the effect of broadband use on the labor demand of different workers, controlling for total factor productivity, capital, and wages. To address the potential endogeneity between broadband adoption and labor demand, the analysis uses state-industry level variation in broadband quality (speed) and intensity of use. The results show a positive association of broadband adoption on labor demand, suggesting that adoption of information and communication technology can offset the employment effects of technological growth. Attempts to identify causal effects using an instrumental variable approach were inconclusive
    Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe Ospino, Carlos Broadband Internet, Labor Demand, and Total Factor Productivity in Colombia Washington, D.C : The World Bank, 2018
    Language: English
    Keywords: Graue Literatur
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-8318
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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    Open Access Request
    UB Potsdam
    MPI Bildungsforschung
  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Regional carbon pricing for international maritime transport : challenges and opportunities for global geographical coverage (2018)
    Washington, D.C. : World Bank Group, Climate Change Global Theme & Macroeconomics, Trade and Investment Global Practice Group
    Details
    UID:
    gbv_1016180136
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 26 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 8319
    Content: Although the existing literature identifies a fuel levy imposed by means of a global agreement as the most efficient policy for carbon pricing in the maritime sector, scholars and policy makers debate the possibility for regional measures to be introduced in case a global agreement cannot be achieved. This debate has highlighted several economic, legal, and political challenges that the implementation of an efficient and effective regional scheme would have to face. This paper compares the relative performance of various regional measures for carbon pricing based on the following criteria: jurisdictional basis, data availability, environmental effectiveness and avoidance strategies, impact on competitiveness, differentiation for developing countries, and incentives for reaching a global agreement. The main finding is that, if carefully designed, a cargo-based measure that covers the emissions released throughout the whole voyage to the cargo destination presents various advantages compared with other carbon pricing schemes. These advantages have been largely ignored in the literature
    Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe Dominioni, Goran Regional Carbon Pricing for International Maritime Transport: Challenges and Opportunities for Global Geographical Coverage Washington, D.C : The World Bank, 2018
    Language: English
    Keywords: Graue Literatur
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-8319
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
    Online Access
    Open Access Request
    UB Potsdam
    MPI Bildungsforschung
  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Financing low-carbon transitions through carbon pricing and green bonds (2019)
    [Washington, DC, USA] : World Bank Group, Macroeconomics, Trade and Investment Global Practice
    Details
    UID:
    gbv_1680542540
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 24 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 8991
    Content: To finance the transition to low-carbon economies required to mitigate climate change, countries are increasingly using a combination of carbon pricing and green bonds. This paper studies the reasoning behind such policy mixes and the economic interaction effects that result from these different policy instruments. The paper models these interactions using an inter-temporal model that proposes burden sharing between current and future generations. The issuance of green bonds helps to enable immediate investment in climate change mitigation and adaptation, and the bonds would be repaid by future generations in such a way that those who benefit from reduced future environmental damage share in the burden of financing the mitigation efforts undertaken today. The paper examines the effects of combining green bonds and carbon pricing in a three-phase model and uses a numerical solution procedure that allows for finite-horizon solutions and phase changes. The paper shows that green bonds perform better when they are combined with carbon pricing. The proposed policy option appears to be politically more feasible than a green transition based only on carbon pricing, and it is more prudent for debt sustainability than a green transition that relies overly on green bonds
    Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe Heine, Dirk Financing Low-Carbon Transitions through Carbon Pricing and Green Bonds Washington, D.C : The World Bank, 2019
    Language: English
    Keywords: Graue Literatur
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-8991
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    Author information: Mazzucato, Mariana 1968-
    Author information: Semmler, Willi 1942-
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    UB Potsdam
    MPI Bildungsforschung
  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Financing Low-Carbon Transitions through Carbon Pricing and Green Bonds / (2019)
    Washington, D.C. :The World Bank,
    Details
    UID:
    edocfu_9959137488502883
    Format: 1 online resource (24 pages)
    Series Statement: Policy research working papers.
    Content: To finance the transition to low-carbon economies required to mitigate climate change, countries are increasingly using a combination of carbon pricing and green bonds. This paper studies the reasoning behind such policy mixes and the economic interaction effects that result from these different policy instruments. The paper models these interactions using an inter-temporal model that proposes burden sharing between current and future generations. The issuance of green bonds helps to enable immediate investment in climate change mitigation and adaptation, and the bonds would be repaid by future generations in such a way that those who benefit from reduced future environmental damage share in the burden of financing the mitigation efforts undertaken today. The paper examines the effects of combining green bonds and carbon pricing in a three-phase model and uses a numerical solution procedure that allows for finite-horizon solutions and phase changes. The paper shows that green bonds perform better when they are combined with carbon pricing. The proposed policy option appears to be politically more feasible than a green transition based only on carbon pricing, and it is more prudent for debt sustainability than a green transition that relies overly on green bonds.
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-8991
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Online Resource
    Open Access Request
    FU Berlin
  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Financing Low-Carbon Transitions through Carbon Pricing and Green Bonds / (2019)
    Washington, D.C. :The World Bank,
    Details
    UID:
    edoccha_9959137488502883
    Format: 1 online resource (24 pages)
    Series Statement: Policy research working papers.
    Content: To finance the transition to low-carbon economies required to mitigate climate change, countries are increasingly using a combination of carbon pricing and green bonds. This paper studies the reasoning behind such policy mixes and the economic interaction effects that result from these different policy instruments. The paper models these interactions using an inter-temporal model that proposes burden sharing between current and future generations. The issuance of green bonds helps to enable immediate investment in climate change mitigation and adaptation, and the bonds would be repaid by future generations in such a way that those who benefit from reduced future environmental damage share in the burden of financing the mitigation efforts undertaken today. The paper examines the effects of combining green bonds and carbon pricing in a three-phase model and uses a numerical solution procedure that allows for finite-horizon solutions and phase changes. The paper shows that green bonds perform better when they are combined with carbon pricing. The proposed policy option appears to be politically more feasible than a green transition based only on carbon pricing, and it is more prudent for debt sustainability than a green transition that relies overly on green bonds.
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-8991
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Online Resource
    Open Access Request
    Charité
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