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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Reputation Matters : Spillover Effects in the Enforcement of US SPS Measures (2012)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    UID:
    b3kat_BV048265372
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (39 p)
    Content: This paper uses a novel dataset on United States food import refusals to show that reputation is an important factor in the enforcement of sanitary and phytosanitary measures. The strongest reputation effect comes from a country's own history of compliance in relation to a particular product. The odds of at least one import refusal in the current year increase by more than 300 percent if there was a refusal in the preceding year, after controlling for other factors. However, the data are also suggestive of the existence of two sets of spillovers. First, import refusals are less likely if there is an established history of compliance in relation to other goods in the same sector. Second, an established history of compliance in relation to the same product by neighboring countries also helps reduce the number of import refusals. These findings have important policy implications for exporters of agricultural products, especially in middle-income countries. In particular, they highlight the importance of a comprehensive approach to upgrading standards systems, focusing on sectors rather than individual products, as well as the possible benefits that can come from regional cooperation in building sanitary and phytosanitary compliance capacity
    Additional Edition: Jouanjean, Marie-Agnès Reputation Matters
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-5935
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    UB Potsdam
    EUV Frankfurt
    HTW Berlin
    MPI Bildungsforschung
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Higher Losses and Slower Development in the Absence of Disaster Risk Management Investments (2016)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    UID:
    b3kat_BV048269417
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (32 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Content: Global economic losses from natural disasters continue to increase. Yet, investments in disaster risk management are not universal, as they are traditionally seen as in competition with other development and economic priorities. The multitude of benefits from disaster risk management investments are not traditionally accounted for in cost-benefit analyses. This paper contributes to this discussion by highlighting the multiple benefits from disaster risk management investments, focusing on the avoided losses when a disaster occurs, but also on the impacts on economic development even before a disaster strikes. The paper's main message is that disaster risk management investments can provide two dividends: reduced losses when a disaster strikes, and a shift of investment strategies and perhaps even an increase in investment value that would benefit the economy even before a disaster strikes. Providing evidence to policy makers and investors about the existence of both types of dividends can provide a narrative reconciling short-term and long-term objectives, thereby improving the acceptability and feasibility of disaster risk management investments
    Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe Hallegatte, Stephane Higher Losses and Slower Development in the Absence of Disaster Risk Management Investments Washington, D.C : The World Bank, 2016
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-7632
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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    EUV Frankfurt
    HTW Berlin
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    GVC Participation and Economic Transformation: Lessons from three sectors (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    UID:
    b3kat_BV047934976
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (108 Seiten)
    Series Statement: OECD Trade Policy Papers
    Content: Integration into Global value chains (GVCs) provides opportunities for economic growth and development. However, the nature and extent of these opportunities differ across countries and sectors, and participation in GVCs can support processes of economic transformation in a variety of ways depending on the type of GVC. This paper explores some of the linkages between GVC participation and economic transformation at the sectoral level, with a view to assisting countries in assessing the various policy options for maximising their comparative advantages and their benefits from GVC participation. Three aspects of the relationship between GVC participation - defined as the use of foreign intermediates and integration into international production networks - and economic transformation are explored: i) sectoral differences in upgrading dynamics; ii) the role of services; and iii) resilience to external shocks. A range of qualitative and empirical approaches are used to explore and test the robustness of the relationship for three sectors presenting different characteristics in terms of their trade dynamics and links with economic transformation: mining and quarrying; motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers; and transport and storage services
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1787/617d7a19-en
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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    FU Berlin
    EUV Frankfurt
  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Employment in agriculture and food trade : assessing the role of GVCS (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    UID:
    gbv_1664509755
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 50 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD food, agriculture and fisheries papers no. 124
    Content: Agricultural sectors are increasingly integrated into international markets as global value chains (GVCs) expand. This integration is helping to drive value added growth in the sector, including the returns that flow to labour. This report explores the impact that trade and agro-food GVC participation has on labour returns and thereby employment not only within the agricultural sectors, but across other sectors of the economy. At the global level, trade and agro-food GVCs generated an average of between 20-26% of total agricultural workforce returns between 2004 and 2014, and labour returns were generated from both direct participation in trade and from indirect participation through other downstream sectors. This report finds that the impact on economy-wide labour returns is on average greater for countries specialising in direct exports of primary products as compared to those specialising in indirect agricultural exports. Evidence also shows that agricultural subsidies have a negative impact both on labour returns from primary sector exports and the returns generated indirectly from processing-sector exports.
    Language: English
    Keywords: Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    DOI: 10.1787/5ed3b181-en
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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    Stabi Berlin
    UB Potsdam
  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Value adding pathways in agriculture and food trade : the role of GVCs and services (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    UID:
    gbv_1664509585
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 45 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD food, agriculture and fisheries papers no. 123
    Content: Global value chains (GVCs) in agriculture and food sectors have the potential to influence trading relationships and the gains from trade for different sectors along the value chain. This report explores the way in which value from trade and GVC participation is created for the agriculture sector. It examines differences in returns to the sector from participation in GVCs and trade either directly in contrast to participation that relies on downstream domestic processing. The study makes use of a database on trade in value added for 22 agro-food sectors derived from the Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) database. The evidence presented in this paper suggests that aggregate value to the agriculture and to the economy overall from direct participation in trade and GVCs generates at least as much value as participation that relies on domestic downstream processing. Similar overall gains from primary exports are associated with greater volumes and the value created from ‘value addition’ to these exports – the embodied service and other inputs. Indeed, countries that specialise in primary exports have higher shares of service value added in these exports, with this also being a determinant of value growth for middle-income countries.
    Language: English
    Keywords: Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    DOI: 10.1787/bb8bb93d-en
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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    Stabi Berlin
    UB Potsdam
  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Digital opportunities for trade in the agriculture and food sectors (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    UID:
    gbv_1664509305
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 59 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD food, agriculture and fisheries papers no. 122
    Content: How are new opportunities to create and share information shaping the digital transformation of the agriculture and food system, and thus potentially fostering its reorganisation? This report focuses on cross-border trade aspects along the global agriculture and food value chain, and looks at how changes brought about by digital technologies can influence who participates in the value chain, where value added is created, and how value is distributed between actors in the chain. However, it is not only changes in the agriculture and food sector from digital technologies that matters, but also the digital transformation of other actors in the global value chain (GVC) such as support services, logistics and governments. Digital technologies present a potential to reduce trade and transaction costs, including those related to identifying and negotiating a deal, proving compliance with standards and to delivering products across borders quickly and efficiently.
    Language: English
    Keywords: Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    DOI: 10.1787/91c40e07-en
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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    Stabi Berlin
    UB Potsdam
  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dynamic changes and effects of agro-food GVCS (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    UID:
    gbv_1664508694
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 88 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD food, agriculture and fisheries papers no. 119
    Content: Global value chains (GVCs) in agriculture and food sectors are becoming an important part of the agro-food trading landscape, influencing both the nature of the gains from trade and the impacts of trade policies. This study explores the changes in trade in value added that are occurring within agro-food GVCs and the implications that participation in agro-food GVCs has had on the agro-food sectors. It makes use of a database on trade in value added for 22 agro-food sectors derived from the Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) database. The study finds that between 2004 and 2014, agro-food sectors have been increasing their participation in GVCs and that the links created within these production networks have become more “global” in nature. At the same time, agro-food GVCs have become increasingly centred around hubs in the People’s Republic of China and Germany where large amounts of value added are funnelled before reaching the end consumer. The study also finds that participation in agro-food GVCs is beneficial for sector development and growth – both in aggregate terms and in terms of domestic value added from exports. Of key importance has been the use of foreign value added and access to a wide diversity of imported inputs. However, policies that restrict trade and limit market openness reduce participation and sector growth and development – including policies that create barriers to trade in agro-food products themselves. In addition, the study finds that the use of services value added in exports is an important factor that contributes to sector growth, which highlights the importance of the broader policy environment to enhance the benefits from agro-food GVCs.
    Language: English
    Keywords: Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    DOI: 10.1787/43b7bcec-en
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Stabi Berlin
    UB Potsdam
  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Issues around data governance in the digital transformation of agriculture : the farmers' perspective (2020)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    UID:
    gbv_1738897850
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 39 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD food, agriculture and fisheries papers no. 146
    Content: Agricultural data and their use for better decision-making and innovation are at the core of the digital transformation of agriculture. But fragmented and unclear data governance arrangements may weaken farmers’ willingness to adopt digital solutions. This, in turn, may reduce the availability and accessibility of agricultural data for policymaking, for the agricultural innovation system, and for developing services for farmers. A key challenge for policy makers lies in finding a balance between protecting the privacy and confidentiality of agricultural data, and farmers’ economic interests in those data, while making it possible to leverage their potential for the sector’s growth and innovation. This report focuses on farmers’ concerns around access, sharing and use of agricultural data and explores whether and how existing policy frameworks and other sectoral initiatives can help to foster greater trust.
    Language: English
    Keywords: Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    DOI: 10.1787/53ecf2ab-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    Online Resource
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    Stabi Berlin
    UB Potsdam
  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Value Adding Pathways in Agriculture and Food Trade : The Role of GVCs and Services (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    UID:
    b3kat_BV047935582
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (44 Seiten)
    Series Statement: OECD Food, Agriculture and Fisheries Papers
    Content: Global value chains (GVCs) in agriculture and food sectors have the potential to influence trading relationships and the gains from trade for different sectors along the value chain. This report explores the way in which value from trade and GVC participation is created for the agriculture sector. It examines differences in returns to the sector from participation in GVCs and trade either directly in contrast to participation that relies on downstream domestic processing. The study makes use of a database on trade in value added for 22 agro-food sectors derived from the Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) database. The evidence presented in this paper suggests that aggregate value to the agriculture and to the economy overall from direct participation in trade and GVCs generates at least as much value as participation that relies on domestic downstream processing. Similar overall gains from primary exports are associated with greater volumes and the value created from 'value addition' to these exports - the embodied service and other inputs. Indeed, countries that specialise in primary exports have higher shares of service value added in these exports, with this also being a determinant of value growth for middle-income countries
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1787/bb8bb93d-en
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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    Online Access
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    FU Berlin
    EUV Frankfurt
  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Employment in Agriculture and Food Trade : Assessing the Role of GVCs (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    UID:
    b3kat_BV047936454
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (49 Seiten)
    Series Statement: OECD Food, Agriculture and Fisheries Papers
    Content: Agricultural sectors are increasingly integrated into international markets as global value chains (GVCs) expand. This integration is helping to drive value added growth in the sector, including the returns that flow to labour. This report explores the impact that trade and agro-food GVC participation has on labour returns and thereby employment not only within the agricultural sectors, but across other sectors of the economy. At the global level, trade and agro-food GVCs generated an average of between 20-26% of total agricultural workforce returns between 2004 and 2014, and labour returns were generated from both direct participation in trade and from indirect participation through other downstream sectors. This report finds that the impact on economy-wide labour returns is on average greater for countries specialising in direct exports of primary products as compared to those specialising in indirect agricultural exports. Evidence also shows that agricultural subsidies have a negative impact both on labour returns from primary sector exports and the returns generated indirectly from processing-sector exports
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1787/5ed3b181-en
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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    FU Berlin
    EUV Frankfurt
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