Format:
Online-Ressource
,
v.: digital
Edition:
Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Biomedical and Life Sciences Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
ISBN:
9789048188208
Content:
Serious congenital malformations are a major contributor to the infant death rate worldwide. Their nonhereditary causes are multiple and complex, and include infectious and metabolic dangers, disease medication, nutritional inadequacy, medicinal products, environmental agents and pollutants, among them. The cause of many however is still unknown. The wide range of these causes makes the defects of interest to those of a wide range of medical and investigatory backgrounds, especialy clinicians, fundamental scientists, and environmentalists.
Content:
Serious congenital malformations are a major contributor to the infant death rate worldwide. Their nonhereditary causes are multiple and complex, and include infectious and metabolic dangers, disease medication, nutritional inadequacy, medicinal products, environmental agents and pollutants, among them. The cause of many however is still unknown. The wide range of these causes makes the defects of interest to those of a wide range of medical and investigatory backgrounds, especialy clinicians, fundamental scientists, and environmentalists. TOC:From the contents Introductory Matters. Pioneering Studies. Pioneering Works. Early Experiments. New Challenges. Thalidomide. Testing For Teratogenicity. Teratological Detours. Surveillance Of Congenital Malformations. Epidemiology Of Congenital Malformations. Human Disease As Teratogen. Environmental Hazards And Disasters. Disease Medication And Teratogenesis. Folic Acid And Human Malformations. Alcohol Consumption During Pregnancy. The Accomplishment And The Expectation.
Note:
Includes bibliographical references (p. 211-266)
,
Preface; Contents; Introductory Matters; Coincidental Discoveries; Early Genetic Studies; Definition; Introduction: Styles; Congenital Means Present at Birth; Malformations: Abnormalities of Structure; Recognition of Malformations; Major and Minor Malformations; Minor Malformations and Variants; Classification; Classification by Cause; Classification by Type; Classification by Pathogenesis; Nomenclature; Syndromes; Frequency; Difficulties of Establishing Frequency; A Matter of Terms; How Often Do Malformations Happen?; An Aside; Why Investigate Malformation Frequency; Ascertainment
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Underestimating FrequencyOverestimating Frequency; Biological Factors; Pioneering Studies; X-Irradiation; Animal Studies; Human Pelvic Irradiation; An Irradiation-Caused Abnormality; Eye Abnormalities; Dose, Time, and Effects; Dose Matters; Murphy's Contribution; Atomic Radiation; The Hiroshima and Nagasaki Bombs; Microcephaly and Mental Retardation; Rubella; The Discovery; The German Measles Epidemic; Teratological Principles; Timing and Malformation Pattern; The 1964 Epidemic; Time Versus Agent: The 'Critical' Period; The Debate; Gestational Age and Frequency; An Old Disease
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A Teratogen DisappearsLater Studies; Other Infectious Diseases; Influenza; Cytomegalovirus; Toxoplasmosis; Varicella-zoster Virus; Problems Regarding Intrauterine Infection; Intrauterine Infection in Animals; Pioneering Experimental Studies; Vitamin Deficiency; Hale and Vitamin A Deficiency; Discovery Greeted Skeptically; Warkany and Riboflavin Deficiency; Searching for the Cause; The All-Important Details; Cautions and Critics; Early Experiments; New Needs and New Ideas; Vitamin A and Diaphragmatic Hernia; The Power of Genetics; Basis of Diaphragmatic Hernia; The Early Investigators
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Trypan BlueTrypan Blue's Teratogenic 'Mechanism'; Hypoxia; A Little Break: Down Syndrome; Cortisone Studies and By-Products; Relevance to Humans; Induced and Spontaneous Malformations; Genetics and Individual Responses; The Multifactorial/Threshold Concept; A New Concept of Embryotoxicity; A Variety of Experiments; Vitamin Antimetabolites; Folic Acid; Folic Acid Antimetabolite Human Use; New Challenges; Infant Mortality and Malformation; Teratology Conferences; The Teratology Society; Thalidomide; The Thalidomide Syndrome; The Revelation; Thalidomide: Safety and Sales; Toxicity in Adults
,
Thalidomide in the USADose- and Time-Response Relations; Thalidomide's Teratogenic Mechanism; Teratogenesis Mechanism Continued; Postscript: Was Anyone to Blame?; The Future?; Testing for Teratogenicity; Proposals for Drug Testing; The Procedure; The Dose-Response Curve; Teratogens and Mutagens; Teratological Detours; Bendectin; The Product; Alleged Teratogenicity; Legal Action; Blighted Potatoes; Were Potatoes the Answer?; Animal Studies; Avoidance Trials; Female Sex Hormones; Genital Defects; Nongenital Defects; Defect Nonspecificity; Diethylstilbestrol; Fetal Wastage; DES Usage
,
The Revelation
,
Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
Additional Edition:
ISBN 9789048188192
Language:
English
DOI:
10.1007/978-90-481-8820-8
URL:
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