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Format: xxiv, 383 pages : , illustrations ; , 23 cm.

ISBN: 0821368702 , 0821368710 (electronic) , 9780821368701 , 9780821368718 (electronic)

Series Statement: Latin American development forum series

Note: The development impact of remittances in Latin America / Pablo Fajnzylber and J. Humberto Lopez -- How important are remittances in Latin America? / Pablo Acosta, Pablo Fajnzylber, and J. Humberto Lopez -- Migration and remittances in Latin America : patterns and determinants / Yoko Niimi and Caglar Ozden -- Do remittances lower poverty levels in Latin America? / Pablo Acosta ... [and others] -- Remittances and household behavior : evidence for Latin America / Pablo Acosta, Pablo Fajnzylber, and J. Humberto Lopez -- Do remittances affect recipient countries' financial development? / Maria Soledad Martinez Peria, Yira Mascaro, and Florencia Moizeszowicz -- Remittances, the real exchange rate, and the Dutch disease phenomenon / J. Humberto Lopez, Luis Molina, and Maurizio Bussolo -- Do conditional cash transfer programs crowd out private transfers? / Pedro Olinto and Mette E. Nielsen -- Facilitating remittances flows and security in the system / Massimo Cirasino, Mario Guadanillas, and Emanuel Salinas -- Remittances and growth : the role of complementary policies / Cesar Calderon, Pablo Fajnzylber and J. Humberto Lopez.

Additional Edition: Print Version: ISBN 9780821368701

Language: English

Keywords: Aufsatzsammlung

URL: http://elibrary.worldbank.org/doi/book/10.1596/978-0-8213-6870-1

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Format: 1 online resource (36 pages)

Series Statement: Policy research working papers.

Content: This paper explores the impact of remittances on poverty, education, and health in 11 Latin American countries using nationally representative household surveys and making an explicit attempt to account for one of the inherent costs associated with migration-the potential income that the migrant may have made at home. The main findings of the study are the following: (1) regardless of the counterfactual used remittances appear to lower poverty levels in most recipient countries; (2) yet despite this general tendency, the estimated impacts tend to be modest; and (3) there is significant country heterogeneity in the poverty reduction impact of remittances' flows. Among the aspects that have been identified in the paper that may lead to varying outcomes across countries are the percentage of households reporting remittances income, the share of remittances of recipient households belonging to the lowest quintiles of the income distribution, and the relative importance of remittances flows with respect to GDP. While remittances tend to have positive effects on education and health, this impact is often restricted to specific groups of the population.

Language: English

DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-4247

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Format: 1 online resource (41 pages)

Series Statement: Policy research working papers.

Content: Latin America is together with Sub-Saharan Africa the most unequal region of the world. This paper documents recent inequality trends in the Latin American region, going beyond traditional measures of income inequality. The paper also reviews some of the explanations that have been put forward to understand the current situation, and discusses why reducing income inequality should be an important policy priority. In particular, the authors discuss channels through which inequality can affect growth and output volatility. On the whole, the analysis suggests a two-pronged approach to reduce inequality in the region that combines policies aimed at improving the distribution of assets (especially education) with elements aimed at improving the capacity of the state to redistribute income through taxes and transfers.

Language: English

DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-4504

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Format: xxx, 425 pages : , illustrations ; , 23 cm.

ISBN: 0-8213-8713-8

Series Statement: Directions in development : Trade

Note: Description based upon print version of record. , Contents; Preface; Acknowledgments; About the Contributors; Abbreviations; Chapter 1 Getting the Most out of Central America's Free Trade Agreements; What Is the Expected Impact on Trade Volumes from Central America's Efforts to Liberalize and Promote Trade?; What Is the Expected Impact on Growth from an Increase in Central America's Trade?; What Is the Complementary Agenda for Promoting Trade?; What Are the Expected Welfare Effects of Trade Liberalization and Promotion in Central America?; Notes; References; Chapter 2 The DR-CAFTA and the Extensive Margin: A Firm-Level Analysis; The Data , Export Trends Firm-Level Patterns of Extensive Margin; Relationship between Tariff Reductions and Exporters' Behavior: Preliminary Evidence; Empirical Strategy and Results; Conclusions; Notes; References; Chapter 3 Exports, Wages, and Skills: Implications for CAFTA; Firms in International Trade; Exporting, Productivity, and Wages: Causality; Conclusions and Policy Implications; Notes; References; Chapter 4 Trade and Economic Growth: Evidence on the Role of Complementarities for the DR-CAFTA Countries; Literature Review; The Data; Econometric Methodology; Empirical Assessment , Trade and Growth: The Role of Complementarities Economic Implications of Our Estimates: Discussion for DR-CAFTA; Concluding Remarks; Notes; References; Chapter 5 Power Integration in Central America: From Hope to Mirage?; What Does Power Integration Mean?; The Political Economy of Integration; Power Integration in Central America: The SIEPAC Project; The Central America Power Sector in a Nutshell; Obstacles to Integration of the Central American Power Sector; Reality or Mirage?; Conclusions; Notes; References , Chapter 6 Supply Chain Analyses of Exports and Imports of Agricultural Products: Case Studies of Costa Rica, Honduras, and Nicaragua Case Studies of Agricultural Trade; Methodology and Sources; Supply Chain Analysis: Intraregional and Extraregional Trade; Main Logistics Challenges; Quantitative Results for the Fresh Tomatoes Supply Chain; Quantitative Results: Wheat, Rice, and Corn Supply Chains; Conclusions; Notes; References; Chapter 7 Logistics Challenges in Central America; The Relevance of Logistics as a Factor in Trade; The Impact of Logistics and Trade Facilitation on Trade Costs , International Logistics Indicators Country Logistics Review; Assessing Logistics Performance in Central America; Policy Priorities to Enhance Trade Logistics; Notes; References; Chapter 8 Access to Credit and Productivity in Central America; Productivity and Access to Financial Services in Central America; The Data; Estimating Productivity; Cross-Country Differences in the Relationship between TFP and Financial Products; Conclusions; Note; References , Chapter 9 Are Food Markets in Central America Integrated with International Markets? An Analysis of Food Price Transmission in Honduras and Nicaragua , English

Additional Edition: ISBN 0-8213-8712-X

Language: English

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URL: http://elibrary.worldbank.org/doi/book/10.1596/978-0-8213-8712-2

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Format: xxi, 321 pages : , illustrations ; , 23 cm.

ISBN: 0821374117 (softcover) , 0821374125 (electronic) , 082137687X (hardcover) , 9780821374115 (softcover) , 9780821374122 (electronic) , 9780821376874 (hardcover)

Series Statement: Latin American development forum

Additional Edition: Print Version: ISBN 9780821374115

Language: English

URL: http://elibrary.worldbank.org/doi/book/10.1596/978-0-8213-7411-5

URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich

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Format: 1 online resource (31 pages)

Series Statement: Policy research working papers.

Content: Income inequality in Latin America ranks among the highest in the world. It can be traced back to the unequal distribution of assets (especially land and education) in the region. But the extent to which asset inequality translates into income inequality depends on the redistributive capacity of the state. This paper documents the performance of Latin American fiscal systems from the perspective of income redistribution using newly-available information on the incidence of taxes and transfers across the region. The findings indicate that: (i) the differences in income inequality before taxes and transfers between Latin America and Western Europe are much more modest than those after taxes and transfers; (ii) the key reason is that, in contrast with industrial countries, in most Latin American countries the fiscal system is of little help in reducing income inequality; and (iii) in countries where fiscal redistribution is significant, it is achieved mostly through transfers rather than taxes. These facts stress the need for fiscal reforms across the region to further the goal of social equity. However, different countries need to place different relative emphasis on raising tax collection, restructuring the tax system, and improving the targeting of expenditures.

Language: English

DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-4487

URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)

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Format: 1 online resource (1 pages)

Series Statement: Systematic Country Diagnostics

Content: This Systematic Country Diagnostic (SCD) looks at why a country with such great potential has not been able to materialize it. The SCD analysis has identified several knowledge gaps. The analysis in this report focuses on the 2000 to 2014 period, covering the boom years before 2008 and the global financial crisis and recovery years up to 2014. It is based on a rich household data set from the National Living Standards Measurement Survey (ENCOVI) as well as on data on malnutrition from the 2014 National Survey of Maternal and Child Indicators (ENSMI). Where relevant and where there are available data, longer times series have been constructed, but the focus of the report is on this 15-year period. The analysis has some limitations. The SCD team identified various countries that could be considered to be Guatemala's peer and aspirational countries in terms of their income level and population size, and whenever it is relevant to do so, the report benchmarks Guatemala's performance against the performance of those countries. The report is organized as follows: After the overview presented here in Chapter 1, Chapter 2 provides evidence of the trends in poverty, shared prosperity, and inequality in Guatemala. The first section benchmarks Guatemala's progress in reducing income poverty against its peer countries. This is followed by an examination of consumption poverty, which is the official measure of poverty used in Guatemala. The analysis highlights the gaps between the two Guatemalas. The chapter ends with some findings concerning the drivers of poverty, specifically focusing on the roles played by prices, labor, and transfers. Chapter 3 attempts to answer the question of how inclusive economic growth has been in Guatemala, looking first at the limited role played by labor markets in helping people to rise out of poverty and at the limited human capital and the dearth of opportunities to increase it. The chapter then discusses the ineffective and inadequate public spending that rives these outcomes and demonstrates the link between limited opportunities and poor outcomes, focusing specifically on malnutrition and vulnerability. Chapter 4 analyzes the drivers of growth and the roles and characteristics of key sectors. Important changes in trade policies are then covered, and the chapter ends with a detailed discussion of the main constraints to increasing investment and productivity and to creating high-quality jobs. Chapter 5 focuses on various fiscal, environmental, and social challenges. Major concerns about tax revenues, water resources and land use are highlighted. The final chapter summarizes the priorities that have emerged from the analysis and describes a set of policies or areas of action that have the potential to put Guatemala on a path of higher and more inclusive growth.

Language: English

DOI: 10.1596/24694

URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich

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Format: 1 Online-Ressource

Edition: Online-Ausgabe World Bank E-Library Archive Sonstige Standardnummer des Gesamttitels: 041181-4

Edition: Also available in print.

Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3322

Note: Includes bibliographical references. - Title from PDF file as viewed on 6/4/2004 , Erscheinungsjahr in Vorlageform:[2004]

Additional Edition: Reproduktion von Servén, Luis Tango with the gringo 2004

Language: English

URL: Volltext

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Format: 1 Online-Ressource (1 online resource (31 p.))

Edition: Online-Ausgabe World Bank E-Library Archive Sonstige Standardnummer des Gesamttitels: 041181-4

Content: Income inequality in Latin America ranks among the highest in the world. It can be traced back to the unequal distribution of assets (especially land and education) in the region. But the extent to which asset inequality translates into income inequality depends on the redistributive capacity of the state. This paper documents the performance of Latin American fiscal systems from the perspective of income redistribution using newly-available information on the incidence of taxes and transfers across the region. The findings indicate that: (i) the differences in income inequality before taxes and transfers between Latin America and Western Europe are much more modest than those after taxes and transfers; (ii) the key reason is that, in contrast with industrial countries, in most Latin American countries the fiscal system is of little help in reducing income inequality; and (iii) in countries where fiscal redistribution is significant, it is achieved mostly through transfers rather than taxes. These facts stress the need for fiscal reforms across the region to further the goal of social equity. However, different countries need to place different relative emphasis on raising tax collection, restructuring the tax system, and improving the targeting of expenditures

Additional Edition: Reproduktion von Goñi, Edwin Fiscal Redistribution And Income Inequality In Latin America 2008

Language: English

URL: Volltext

UID:

Format: 1 Online-Ressource

Edition: Online-Ausgabe World Bank E-Library Archive Sonstige Standardnummer des Gesamttitels: 041181-4

Edition: Also available in print.

Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3815

Content: "Consumption baskets vary across households and inflation rates vary across goods. As a result, standard consumer price index (CPI) inflation may provide a misleading measure of the inflation actually faced by poor households, more so the more unequal the distribution of aggregate consumption across households. Likewise, changes in observed nominal consumption inequality may be very different from those in true inequality, that is, that measured using household-specific CPIs. The authors explore empirically these issues using household data covering nine episodes from four Latin American countries (Brazil, Colombia, Mexico, and Peru). They find that in these countries standard CPI inflation typically reflects the inflation rate faced by a rich consumer located in the 80 to 90 percentile of the distribution of consumption expenditure. In most episodes the authors also find that inflation was anti-rich-that is, the inflation faced by the richest consumers was higher than the inflation faced by the poorest consumers. As a result of this bias, the observed increases in nominal inequality generally exceed the actual changes in real inequality. These results are robust to correcting for quality change bias in the CPI, to the use of alternative price indices, and to the use of alternative inequality measures. "--World Bank web site

Note: Includes bibliographical references. - Title from PDF file as viewed on 1/11/2006 , Erscheinungsjahr in Vorlageform:[2006] , Weitere Ausgabe: Lopez, J. Humberto: Getting real about inequality

Additional Edition: Reproduktion von López, J. Humberto, 1965- Getting real about inequality 2006

Language: English

Keywords: Fallstudiensammlung

URL: Volltext