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  • 1
    UID:
    b3kat_BV048265685
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (56 p)
    Content: This paper investigates the relationship between sectoral growth patterns and employment outcomes. A broad cross-country analysis reveals that in middle-income countries, employment responds more to growth in less productive and more labor-intensive sectors. Employment in middle-income countries is susceptible to a resource curse, and grows rapidly in response to manufacturing and export manufacturing growth. Within Brazil, Indonesia, and Mexico, the effects of different sectoral growth patterns are context dependent, but differences in sectoral growth effects on employment and wages are substantially reduced in states or provinces with higher measured labor mobility. Consistent with this, aggregate employment and wage effects of growth by sector are close to uniform when examined over longer time horizons, after labor has an opportunity to adjust across sectors. The results reinforce the importance of growth in more labor-intensive sectors, and suggest that job mobility may be an important mechanism to diffuse the benefits of capital-intensive growth
    Additional Edition: Arias-Vazquez, Francisco Javier The Role of Sectoral Growth Patterns in Labor Market Development
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 2
    UID:
    b3kat_BV049079311
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (60 Seiten)
    Content: Understanding how e-commerce platforms are affecting the small, informal firms that sell on them is a question of growing importance to researchers and policy makers in developing countries. This paper examines this question using data from surveys of firms selling on two e-commerce platforms in South Asia. The businesses selling on these platforms range widely in terms of size, degree of formalization, and other characteristics. However, these firms - even the micro and small ones, which tend to be informal - are from a selected group, being owned and managed by individuals who are more educated and younger than the owners and managers of more typical firms in this setting. The sellers' main reason for joining the platforms is to access more customers. Most of the sellers report an expansion of their business after joining the platforms. They also report an increase in their incentive to register their business and their visibility to tax authorities. Other, less widespread channels of impact reported by the firms include the adoption of new or improved business practices and technologies, better access to finance, and greater flexibility in balancing home and work life. In general, these reported impacts do not vary significantly by firm size or degree of formalization, suggesting that even informal, small firms that have (selectively) joined e-commerce platforms can benefit from the greater market access facilitated by the platforms. Finally, given size and age, firms that have been selling on the platform for a longer period are more likely to experience these impacts, suggesting that firms learn how to use the platform more effectively over time
    Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe Bussolo, Maurizio How Selling Online is Affecting Informal Firms in South Asia Washington, D.C. : The World Bank, 2023
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, DC : World Bank
    UID:
    gbv_797580093
    Format: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Background Paper for the World Development Report 2013
    Content: This paper provides new cross-country evidence on the impact of cognitive skills, as measured by international achievement tests, on subsequent youth employment outcomes. In our initial analysis, we find that high average scores are strongly associated with increases in school enrollment and large reductions in the incidence of unemployment, with slightly stronger effects for women. Higher scores also correlate with a larger share of youth employed in wage and salaried jobs, outside of agriculture, and to some extent in higher status occupations, but these findings are less robust. Conditional on average test scores, greater within-cohort dispersion lead to reduced school attendance and increased employment at young ages, perhaps reflecting the less precise signal value of further formal educational attainment in the presence of large quality differences. In specifications including both educational attainment and measured test scores, test scores have stronger effects on unemployment, but attainment is also strongly predictive of employment and some measures of job quality. We conclude that while increasing education quality can play a central role in improving youth employment outcomes, increasing attainment remains an important and complementary objective to foster the creation of better jobs for youth. However, preliminary extensions to the existing analysis using data from additional countries and years suggest much more important effects of test scores on measures of job quality, such as wage and non-agricultural employment, than on employment, enrollment, unemployment, or labor force participation.
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 4
    UID:
    gbv_797580239
    Format: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Background Paper for the World Development Report 2013
    Content: This paper investigates the relationship between sectoral growth patterns and employment outcomes both across and within countries. Consistent with the literature on sectoral growth patterns and poverty alleviation, a broad cross-country analysis reveals that in middle-income countries, employment responds more to growth in less productive and more labor-intensive sectors. Employment in middle-income countries is susceptible to a resource curse, and grows rapidly in response to manufacturing and export manufacturing growth. Sectoral growth patterns have surprisingly few discernible effects on the prevalence of wage or agricultural employment. In country case studies of Brazil, Indonesia, and Mexico, the effects of different sectoral growth patterns are context dependent. Within these countries, differences in sectoral growth effects on employment and wages are substantially reduced in states or provinces with higher measured labor mobility. Consistent with this, aggregate employment and wage effects of growth by sector are close to uniform when examined over longer time horizons, after labor has an opportunity to adjust across sectors. The results reinforce the importance of growth in more labor-intensive sectors and manufacturing in generating employment in middle-income countries, although only manufacturing and natural resource growth show distinctive labor market effects, and those are largely limited to employment and unemployment. Finally, job mobility may be an important mechanism to diffuse the benefits of capital-intensive growth.
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 5
    UID:
    edocfu_9958246420402883
    Format: 1 online resource (56 pages)
    Series Statement: Policy research working papers.
    Content: This paper investigates the relationship between sectoral growth patterns and employment outcomes. A broad cross-country analysis reveals that in middle-income countries, employment responds more to growth in less productive and more labor-intensive sectors. Employment in middle-income countries is susceptible to a resource curse, and grows rapidly in response to manufacturing and export manufacturing growth. Within Brazil, Indonesia, and Mexico, the effects of different sectoral growth patterns are context dependent, but differences in sectoral growth effects on employment and wages are substantially reduced in states or provinces with higher measured labor mobility. Consistent with this, aggregate employment and wage effects of growth by sector are close to uniform when examined over longer time horizons, after labor has an opportunity to adjust across sectors. The results reinforce the importance of growth in more labor-intensive sectors, and suggest that job mobility may be an important mechanism to diffuse the benefits of capital-intensive growth.
    Language: English
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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  • 6
    UID:
    edoccha_9958246420402883
    Format: 1 online resource (56 pages)
    Series Statement: Policy research working papers.
    Content: This paper investigates the relationship between sectoral growth patterns and employment outcomes. A broad cross-country analysis reveals that in middle-income countries, employment responds more to growth in less productive and more labor-intensive sectors. Employment in middle-income countries is susceptible to a resource curse, and grows rapidly in response to manufacturing and export manufacturing growth. Within Brazil, Indonesia, and Mexico, the effects of different sectoral growth patterns are context dependent, but differences in sectoral growth effects on employment and wages are substantially reduced in states or provinces with higher measured labor mobility. Consistent with this, aggregate employment and wage effects of growth by sector are close to uniform when examined over longer time horizons, after labor has an opportunity to adjust across sectors. The results reinforce the importance of growth in more labor-intensive sectors, and suggest that job mobility may be an important mechanism to diffuse the benefits of capital-intensive growth.
    Language: English
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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  • 7
    UID:
    gbv_797579753
    Format: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Policy Research Working Paper 6250
    Content: This paper investigates the relationship between sectoral growth patterns and employment outcomes. A broad cross-country analysis reveals that in middle-income countries, employment responds more to growth in less productive and more labor-intensive sectors. Employment in middle-income countries is susceptible to a resource curse, and grows rapidly in response to manufacturing and export manufacturing growth. Within Brazil, Indonesia, and Mexico, the effects of different sectoral growth patterns are context dependent, but differences in sectoral growth effects on employment and wages are substantially reduced in states or provinces with higher measured labor mobility. Consistent with this, aggregate employment and wage effects of growth by sector are close to uniform when examined over longer time horizons, after labor has an opportunity to adjust across sectors. The results reinforce the importance of growth in more labor-intensive sectors, and suggest that job mobility may be an important mechanism to diffuse the benefits of capital-intensive growth.
    Note: English , en_US
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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