UID:
almafu_9960074055902883
Format:
1 online resource (520 pages) :
,
illustrations
Edition:
1st ed.
ISBN:
0-12-801971-9
Note:
Front Cover -- Biological Distance Analysis -- Biological Distance Analysis: Forensic and Bioarchaeological Perspectives -- Copyright -- Contents -- Contributors -- Foreword -- REFERENCE -- Preface -- BIODISTANCE DATA, DATASETS, AND ANALYTICAL METHODS -- BIODISTANCE IN A FORENSIC SETTING -- BIODISTANCE AND POPULATION STUDIES -- FINAL THOUGHTS -- Acknowledgments -- 1 - Biodistance Data, Datasets, and Analytical Methods -- 1 - A Brief History of Biological Distance Analysis -- INTRODUCTION -- NATURAL PHILOSOPHY AND ANATOMY -- CRANIOMETRIC ANALYSIS -- NONMETRIC TRAIT ANALYSIS -- DENTAL MORPHOLOGY -- DENTAL METRICS -- CHANGES IN STATISTICAL APPROACHES -- SCALES OF ANALYSIS AND KINSHIP -- ANCIENT DNA AND BIODISTANCE -- FORENSIC ANTHROPOLOGY, RACE, AND HUMAN VARIATION -- CONCLUSIONS -- References -- 2 - Biological Distances and Population Genetics in Bioarchaeology -- INTRODUCTION -- EUCLIDEAN DISTANCE -- MAHALANOBIS'S DISTANCE -- R-MATRIX THEORY AND BIOLOGICAL DISTANCE -- R-MATRIX THEORY AND QUANTITATIVE TRAITS -- ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF GENETIC DRIFT -- EXAMINING DIFFERENTIAL LONG-RANGE GENE FLOW -- CLOSING THOUGHTS -- References -- 3 - Craniometric Data Analysis and Estimation of Biodistance -- HISTORY OF CRANIOMETRIC DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS -- DATA COLLECTION PROTOCOLS -- Types of Measurements -- Selecting Measurements -- Instrumentation -- Options for Recording Measurements -- Error in Craniometry -- Procedures -- HERITABILITY -- BIOARCHAEOLOGICAL AND FORENSIC APPROACHES TO CRANIOMETRIC DATA -- Common Statistical Methods in Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology -- CONCLUSIONS -- References -- 4 - Advanced Methods in 3-D Craniofacial Morphological Analysis -- INTRODUCTION -- REFERENCE DATA SETS ON CRANIOFACIAL VARIATION -- COMPUTER-AIDED LANDMARK PROCESSING FOR SEX AND ANCESTRY ASSESSMENT -- MATERIAL -- 3D-ID Database -- European Data Sets.
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Brazilian Data Sets -- Methods -- Results -- Diachronic Changes in the Central European Data Sets -- Intrapopulation Variation for the Portuguese Sample -- Validation of 3D-ID Database on European Samples -- Sex Estimation -- Ancestry Assessment -- The Forensic 3-D Database-European Data Sets -- Morphological Variation Among Brazilian Groups -- MORPHOLOGICAL AFFINITY OF BRAZILIAN GROUPS TO 3D-ID DATA SETS -- European Brazilians and Iberian Populations -- Japanese Brazilians, Asians, Mesoamericans, and South Americans -- African Brazilians, African Americans, and Native Africans -- DISCUSSION -- CONCLUSION -- References -- 5 - Cranial Nonmetric and Morphoscopic Data Sets -- INTRODUCTION -- Nomenclature -- CRANIAL NONMETRIC DATA SETS -- Data Collection Protocols -- Heritability and Cranial Nonmetric Traits -- MORPHOSCOPIC DATA -- Data Collection Protocols -- Heritability of Morphoscopic Traits -- MEASURES OF BIOLOGICAL DISTANCE -- Bioarchaeology -- Forensic Anthropology -- CONCLUSIONS -- References -- 6 - Dental Morphology in Biodistance Analysis -- DENTAL MORPHOLOGY -- Dental Terminology -- Heritability -- Dental Development -- Threshold Traits -- Data Collection and Treatment -- POPULATION VARIATION -- Sinodont/Sundadont -- Afridont -- Eurodont -- FORENSIC APPLICATION -- BIOARCHAEOLOGICAL APPLICATION -- Intracemetery -- Population Level -- EVOLUTION AND DENTAL MORPHOLOGY -- Hominins -- Anatomically Modern Humans -- CONCLUSIONS -- References -- 7 - Dental Metrics in Biodistance Analysis -- DENTAL DEVELOPMENT -- DENTAL METRICS: THE DATA -- Mesiodistal Diameter -- Buccolingual Diameter -- Crown Height -- Alternative Measurements -- HERITABILITY -- BIOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS -- Sex -- Age -- Biological Stress -- STATISTICAL ANALYSIS -- Observer Error -- Sexual Dimorphism -- Methods to Negate Multicollinearity -- POPULATION VARIATION AND EVOLUTION.
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FORENSIC APPLICATIONS -- BIOARCHAEOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS -- CONCLUSIONS -- References -- 8 - Do Biological Distances Reflect Genetic Distances? A Comparison of Craniometric and Genetic Distances at Local ... -- BACKGROUND -- METHODS -- Samples -- Local Samples -- Global Population Samples -- Data Collection: Morphological -- Norris Farms #36 -- Global Population Samples -- Data Collection: Genetic -- Norris Farms #36 -- Global Population Samples -- Analytical Methods -- Linear Cranial Data: Local Norris Farms #36 Individuals Only -- Cranial Landmark Data: All Cranial Samples (Local Norris Farms #36 Individuals and Global Populations) -- Genetic Data -- Genetic vs. Morphological Comparisons -- RESULTS -- Local Interindividual Analyses: Norris Farms #36 Individuals -- Linear Cranial Data: Norris Farms #36 -- Local Interindividual Level Analyses: Cranial vs. Genetic Distances -- (1A) Local Norris Farms #36 mtDNA HVI vs. Entire Cranium (All Cranial Regions) -- (1B) Local Norris Farms #36 mtDNA HVI vs. Cranial Regions -- Cranial vs. Molecular Distances: Global Population-Level Data -- (2A) Genetic Regions [mtDNA (HVI, HVII-III, and CR) and Autosomal STRs] Each Separately Compared with the Entire Cranium (A ... -- (2B) Genetic Regions [mtDNA (HVI, HVII-III, and CR) and Autosomal STRs] vs. Cranial Regions and Reduced Landmark Set -- DISCUSSION -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 9 - Missing Data Imputation Methods and Their Performance With Biodistance Analyses -- MATERIALS -- METHODS -- Imputation Methods -- Hot Deck -- Iterative Robust Model-Based Imputations -- k-Nearest Neighbor -- Variable Mean -- RESULTS -- Missing Data at 25% -- Imputation -- Biodistance -- Missing Data at 50% -- Imputation -- Biodistance -- DISCUSSION -- CONCLUSIONS -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 2 - Biodistance in a Forensic Setting.
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10 - Forensic Classification and Biodistance in the 21st Century: The Rise of Learning Machines -- INTRODUCTION -- ESTIMATING CLASSIFICATION ACCURACY -- OVERFITTING -- FINDING THE BEST MEASUREMENTS -- OTHER TRADITIONAL CLASSIFICATION METHODS -- RESAMPLING -- MACHINE LEARNING -- MATERIALS AND METHODS -- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- SUMMARY -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 11 - Forensic Ancestry Assessment Using Cranial Nonmetric Traits Traditionally Applied to Biological Distance Studies -- INTRODUCTION -- MATERIALS AND METHODS -- Variable Selection -- Statistical Models -- Machine Learning -- Decision Tree -- Random Forest -- Support Vector Machines -- RESULTS -- DISCUSSION -- SVM Models -- The Nature of Phenotypic Variation in Cranial Nonmetric Traits -- Biological Distance and Cranial Nonmetric Trait Data -- CONCLUSIONS -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 12 - Biological Distance, Migrants, and Reference Group Selection in Forensic Anthropology -- BACKGROUND -- MATERIALS AND METHODS -- Population Groups -- Migrant Groups -- Forensic Reference Groups -- Craniometric Data -- Analyses -- Arizona and Texas Migrants -- Arizona and Texas Migrants and Forensic Reference Groups -- Results -- Arizona and Texas Migrants -- Arizona and Texas Migrants and Forensic Reference Groups -- Combining Groups for Discriminant Function Analysis -- DISCUSSION -- References -- 13 - The Craniometric Implications of a Complex Population History in South Africa -- INTRODUCTION -- POPULATION HISTORY OF SOUTH AFRICA -- GENETIC COMPOSITION OF MODERN SOUTH AFRICAN POPULATIONS -- MATERIALS -- METHODS -- RESULTS -- All Groups Pooled Sexes -- Females -- Males -- DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 14 - Complexity of Assessing Migrant Death Place of Origin -- THE UNIDENTIFIED DECEDENTS IN THE UNITED STATES.
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DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILES OF THE FOREIGN-BORN LATINOS -- DECEASED UNDOCUMENTED LATINOS IN THE UNITED STATES -- MEDICAL EXAMINER AND CORONER'S OFFICES' CASEWORK ISSUES -- ARIZONA UNIDENTIFIED DECEDENTS VERSUS NORTH CAROLINA UNIDENTIFIED DECEDENTS -- SAMPLE -- METHODS -- Geometric Morphometrics -- RESULTS -- THE TWO-PRONGED APPROACH TO PROVENANCE: GEOMETRIC MORPHOMETRICS AND ISOTOPES -- A CASE EXAMPLE USING THE TWO-PRONGED APPROACH -- ISOTOPE METHODS -- RESULTS -- CONCLUSION -- References -- 15 - Estimating Ancestry of Fragmentary Remains Via Multiple Classifier Systems: A Study of the Mississippi State A ... -- INTRODUCTION -- MISSISSIPPI STATE ASYLUM HISTORY -- MATERIALS AND METHODS -- Reference Datasets -- Dental Metrics -- Dental Morphology -- Cranial Macromorphoscopic Traits -- Data Collection and Analysis -- RESULTS -- DISCUSSION -- CONCLUSIONS -- References -- 16 - Biological Distance Analysis, Cranial Morphoscopic Traits, and Ancestry Assessment in Forensic Anthropology -- INTRODUCTION -- MATERIALS AND METHODS -- Sample Descriptions -- Canonical Analysis of the Principal Coordinates -- RESULTS -- DISCUSSION -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 17 - Dominance in Dental Morphological Traits: Implications for Biological Distance Studies -- BACKGROUND -- Developmental Influences on Dental Morphology -- Genes Influencing Dental Morphology -- Quantitative Analyses of Genetic Effects -- Statistical Issues -- MATERIALS -- METHODS -- RESULTS -- DISCUSSION -- CONCLUSIONS -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 3 - Biodistance and Population Studies -- 18 - Postmarital Residence Analysis -- INTRODUCTION -- The Assessment of Quantitative Trait Phenotypic Variability in Males and in Females -- Analysis of Postmarital Residence in Prehistoric West Central Illinois -- Analyzing Male and Female Within-Site Haplotypic Diversity.
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Analyzing Male and Female Within-Site Phenotypic Diversity for Dichotomous Traits.
Additional Edition:
ISBN 0-12-801966-2
Language:
English
Keywords:
Electronic books.
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