Format:
1 Online-Ressource (xvii, 359 Seiten)
,
Illustrationen, Diagramme
ISBN:
9780128118719
Content:
Front Cover -- Anatomy and Histology of the Laboratory Rat in Toxicology and Biomedical Research -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Preface -- The Illustrations and How This Book Developed -- 1 The Rat's Place in Nature -- The Origin of Mammals -- When Did Reptiles Become Mammals? -- An Example of an Early Mammal -- Evolution of Rodents -- Rodents as a Group -- Conclusion -- References -- Further Reading -- Annex Geological Periods -- 2 Introduction to Anatomical Terminology -- The Use of Words -- Reference Planes -- Specific Terminology -- Proximal and Distal -- Craniad and Caudad -- Superficial and Deep -- Superior and Inferior -- The Origins of Anatomical Names for Structures -- Eponyms -- References -- Further Reading -- 3 Introduction to the Skeleton: Bone, Cartilage and Joints -- Bones -- Long Bones -- Short Bones -- Flat Bones -- Irregular Bones -- The Structure of Bone -- Terms Used to Describe the Parts of a Long Bone -- The Histology of Bone -- The Development of Bone -- Intramembranous Ossification -- Endo-Chondral Ossification -- Remodelling Revisited -- Blood Supply of Bone -- The Cells of Bone -- The Osteocyte -- The Osteoblast -- The Osteoclast -- Osteoprogenitor Cells -- Other Components of Bone -- Cartilage -- Hyaline Cartilage -- Fibrocartilage -- Elastic Cartilage -- Joints -- Key Features of Synovial Joints, Rat Knee Joint Taken as an Example -- Articular Cartilage -- The Joint Capsule -- Accessory Ligaments -- Synovium -- Intraarticular Discs -- Fat Pads -- References -- Further Reading -- 4 Vertebrae, Ribs, Sternum, Pectoral and Pelvic Girdles, and Bones of the Limbs -- The Vertebral Column or Spine -- Development of the Vertebrae -- The Cervical Vertebrae -- Typical Cervical Vertebrae -- The Atlas, C1 -- The Axis, C2 -- The Thoracic Vertebrae -- Lumbar Vertebrae -- Sacral Vertebrae, the Sacrum
Content:
Caudal Vertebrae -- Sternum and Ribs -- The Shoulder or Pectoral Girdle -- The Scapula -- The Clavicle -- The Pelvic Girdle -- Bones of the Limbs -- Forelimb -- Humerus -- Radius and Ulna -- Ulna -- Radius -- The Carpus -- Proximal Row -- Middle Row -- Distal Row -- The Metacarpals -- The Phalanges -- The Hindlimb -- The Femur -- The Tibia and Fibula -- The Tarsus -- Proximal Row -- Middle Row -- Distal Row -- The Metatarsus -- The Phalanges -- Sesamoid Bones -- References -- 5 The Skull -- Introduction -- Evolution of the Lower Jaw -- Summary -- Embryological Development of the Mammalian Skull -- The Skull of the Adult Rat -- Dorsal Surface of the Skull -- Lateral Surface of the Skull -- Inferior Surface of the Skull -- The Cranial Cavity -- The Lower Jaw -- Abbreviations used in Figures -- References -- Further Reading -- 6 The Musculature of the Rat -- Introduction -- Embryology of Skeletal Muscles -- Further Development of the Myotome -- The Rotation of the Limbs -- Terminology of Movements -- Terminology of Muscles -- How Muscles Move the Elements of the Skeleton -- A Special Group of Skeletal Muscles: The Skeletal Muscles Derived From the Pharyngeal Arches -- A Second Special Group of Skeletal Muscles: The Muscles That Move the Eyeball -- The Arrangement of the Major Groups of Skeletal Muscles -- The Muscles of Mastication: Gnawing and Chewing -- Masseter -- Zygomaticomandibularis -- Deep Masseter -- Superficial Masseter -- Temporalis -- The Pterygoid Muscles -- The Supra and Infra-Hyoid Muscles -- Suprahyoid Muscles -- Infra-hyoid Muscles -- Gnawing and Chewing -- Muscles of the Pectoral and Pelvic Girdles -- Pectoral Girdle -- Pelvic Girdle -- Muscles of the Pectoral Region -- Muscles Connecting the Pectoral Girdle to the Axial Skeleton -- Muscles of the Forelimb -- Muscles Connecting the Humerus With the Pectoral Girdle -- Dorsal Group
Content:
Ventral Group -- Muscles Connecting the First and Second Segments of the Forelimb -- Extensors -- Flexors -- Muscles of the Second and Third Segments of the Forelimb: Muscles of the Forearm and Forepaw (Hand or Manus) -- Muscles Acting on the Articulations Between the Radius and the Ulna -- Flexor Muscles Acting on the Wrist Joint and the Joints of the Forepaw -- Extensor Muscles Acting on the Wrist Joint and on the Joints of the Forepaw -- Muscles of the Pelvic Girdle -- Muscles Arising From the Pelvis and Causing the Hindlimb to Move at the Hip Joint -- Extensors of the Hip Joint -- Muscles of the Thigh -- The Hamstrings -- Muscles of the Anterior Aspect of the Thigh -- Muscles of the Medial Aspect of the Thigh -- Muscles of the Second Segment of the Hindlimb -- Muscles of the Posterior Aspect of the Second Segment -- Muscles of the Lateral Aspect of the Second Segment -- Muscles of the Anterior Aspect of the Second Segment -- Short Muscles of the Foot -- The Muscles of the Back -- General Points -- Splenius Group -- The Sacrospinalis Group (Sometimes Known, in Human Anatomy, as the Erector Spinae Group) -- The Transversospinalis Group -- The Segmental Muscle Group -- Muscles of Respiration -- Structure of the Diaphragm -- Other Muscles of Respiration -- Facial Muscles -- Muscles Controlling the Whiskers -- Dilation (or Dilatation) of the Nares -- Muscles Around the Mouth -- Muscles Around the Eye -- Muscles of the Auricle of the Ear (of the Pinna) -- Muscles of the Abdominal Wall -- Muscles of the Anterior Aspect of the Neck -- Superficial Muscles -- Deeper Muscles -- Appendix -- The Histology of Skeletal Muscle -- Structure of a Whole Skeletal Muscle -- References -- Further Reading -- 7 The Cardiovascular System -- Introduction to the Anatomy of the Cardiovascular System -- The Systemic Arterial System: Development and General Arrangement
Content:
Branches of the Abdominal Aorta -- The Heart -- The Systemic Venous System: Development and General Arrangement -- Arteries of the Lower Part of the Neck and Shoulder Region: The Territory of the Subclavian Artery -- The Common Carotid Arteries -- The External Carotid Artery -- The Internal Carotid Artery -- Blood Supply of the Brain -- The Arteries of the Brain -- The Venous Drainage of the Brain -- The Arteries of the Abdomen and Pelvis -- Arterial Supply of the Kidneys, Adrenal Glands and Gonads (Testis or Ovary) -- Blood Supply of the Tail -- The Ilio-Lumbar Arteries -- The Iliac Arteries -- Arteries of the Limbs -- The Forelimb Arteries -- The Hindlimb Arteries -- The Venous System -- Veins of the Head and Neck -- Veins of the Abdomen and Pelvis -- Veins of the Forelimb -- Veins of the Hindlimb -- References -- Further Reading -- 8 Histology of the Vascular System -- Capillaries -- Continuous Capillaries -- Fenestrated Capillaries -- Discontinuous Capillaries or Sinusoids -- Arteries -- Tunica Intima -- Tunica Media -- Tunica Adventitia -- Arterioles -- Veins -- Special Regions of the Vasculature -- Dural venous Sinus -- Erectile Tissue -- Nasal Muco-Periosteum -- Carotid Body and Sinus -- Histological Techniques for Blood Vessels -- Histology of the Heart -- References -- 9 The Lymphatic System -- Introduction -- The General Anatomy of the Lymphatic System -- Topographical Anatomy of the Lymphatic System of the Rat -- Head and Neck -- Forelimb and Trunk -- Hindlimb -- Tail -- Visceral Lymph Nodes -- Histology of Lymphatic Tissues -- Thymus -- Lymph Node -- The Lymphatic Lobule -- The Reticular Meshwork of the Node -- The Blood Vessels of the Lymph Node -- Haemolymph Nodes of the Rat -- Mucosa Associated Lymphoid Tissue -- The General Histology of Mucosa Associated Lymphoid Tissue -- Fat Associated Lymphoid Clusters -- Milky Spots -- The Spleen
Content:
References -- Further Reading -- 10 Nasal Cavity -- The Anterior Region or Vestibule of the Nasal Cavity -- The Nasal Cavity Proper -- The Ethmoid Bone -- The Human Ethmoid Bone -- The Ethmoid Bone of the Rat -- Lateral Wall of the Nasal Cavity -- Turbinates and Meatuses -- The Ethmoid Turbinates (or Turbinals) -- Openings Into the Nasal Cavity in Addition to the Anterior Nares and the Nasopharyngeal Duct -- Glands Associated With the Nasal Cavity -- Blood Vessels of the Nasal Cavity -- Histology of the Nasal Cavity -- Olfactory Epithelium -- The Vomeronasal Organ -- The Septal Organ of Masera and the Organ of Grüneberg -- Epithelium of the Nasal Cavity -- Respiratory Epithelium of the Nasal Cavity -- Squamous Epithelium -- Transitional Epithelium -- Lymphoepithelium: Nasal Associated Lymphatic Tissue -- Toxicological Pathology of the Nasal Cavity -- References -- Further Reading -- 11 Larynx -- Introduction -- The Laryngeal Cartilages -- Thyroid Cartilage -- Cricoid Cartilage -- Arytenoid Cartilages -- Epiglottis -- The U-Shaped Cartilage -- The Hyoid Bone -- Muscles of the Larynx and Their Innervation -- The Cavity or Lumen of the Larynx -- The Laryngeal Mucosa -- Submucosal Glands -- Epithelium -- Sectioning of the Larynx -- References -- 12 The Lung -- Development of the Lung -- Separation of the Pericardial Cavity From the Pericardioperitoneal Canals -- Pleura and Pleural Cavity -- Development of the Lung -- General Points -- Development of the Rat Lung -- Development of the Blood and Nerve Supply of the Lung -- Topographical Anatomy of the Lung: The Lung in the Thoracic Cavity -- The Mediastinum -- The Bronchial Tree -- Classification of the Airways -- Anatomy of the Airways in Man -- Anatomy of the Rat Airways -- Structural Units of the Lung -- The Histological Structure of the Airways -- Preparation of Lung Tissue for Histological Study
Content:
The Trachea and Main Bronchi
Additional Edition:
ISBN 9780128118375
Additional Edition:
Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe Anatomy and histology of the laboratory rat in toxicology and biomedical research San Diego, Calif. ; London ; Oxford : Elsevier Academic Press, 2019 ISBN 9780128118375
Language:
English
URL:
https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/potsdamuni/detail.action?docID=5693516
URL:
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