Kooperativer Bibliotheksverbund

UID:

Format: XIII, 412 p. 131 illus., 120 illus. in color. , online resource.

Edition: 1st ed. 2021.

ISBN: 9783030735821

Series Statement: Lecture Notes in Physics, 956

Content: This book introduces the phenomenology of gravitational lensing in an accessible manner and provides a thorough discussion of the related astrophysical applications. It is intended for advanced undergraduates and graduate students who want to start working in this rapidly evolving field. This includes also senior researchers who are interested in ongoing or future surveys and missions such as DES, Euclid, WFIRST, LSST. The reader is guided through many fascinating topics related to gravitational lensing like the structure of our galaxy, the searching for exoplanets, the investigation of dark matter in galaxies and galaxy clusters, and several aspects of cosmology, including dark energy and the cosmic microwave background. The author, who has gained valuable experience as academic teacher, guides the readers towards the comprehension of the theory of gravitational lensing and related observational techniques by using simple codes written in python. This approach, beyond facilitating the understanding of gravitational lensing, is preparatory for learning the python programming language which is gaining large popularity both in academia and in the private sector.

Note: Light deflection -- The general lens -- Microlensing -- Strong lensing by galaxies and galaxy clusters -- Weak lensing by virialized structures -- Weak lensing by the large-scale-structure -- Lensing of the Cosmic Microwave Background.

In: Springer Nature eBook

Additional Edition: Printed edition: ISBN 9783030735814

Additional Edition: Printed edition: ISBN 9783030735838

Language: English

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-73582-1

URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-73582-1

URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)

UID:

Format: 1 Online-Ressource (XIII, 412 p. 131 illus., 120 illus. in color.)

ISBN: 9783030735821

Series Statement: Lecture Notes in Physics 956

Content: Light deflection -- The general lens -- Microlensing -- Strong lensing by galaxies and galaxy clusters -- Weak lensing by virialized structures -- Weak lensing by the large-scale-structure -- Lensing of the Cosmic Microwave Background.

Content: This book introduces the phenomenology of gravitational lensing in an accessible manner and provides a thorough discussion of the related astrophysical applications. It is intended for advanced undergraduates and graduate students who want to start working in this rapidly evolving field. This includes also senior researchers who are interested in ongoing or future surveys and missions such as DES, Euclid, WFIRST, LSST. The reader is guided through many fascinating topics related to gravitational lensing like the structure of our galaxy, the searching for exoplanets, the investigation of dark matter in galaxies and galaxy clusters, and several aspects of cosmology, including dark energy and the cosmic microwave background. The author, who has gained valuable experience as academic teacher, guides the readers towards the comprehension of the theory of gravitational lensing and related observational techniques by using simple codes written in python. This approach, beyond facilitating the understanding of gravitational lensing, is preparatory for learning the python programming language which is gaining large popularity both in academia and in the private sector.

Additional Edition: ISBN 9783030735814

Additional Edition: ISBN 9783030735838

Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe ISBN 9783030735814

Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe ISBN 9783030735838

Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe Meneghetti, Massimo, 1974 - Introduction to gravitational lensing Cham, Switzerland : Springer, 2021 ISBN 9783030735814

Language: English

Subjects: Physics

Keywords: Gravitationslinse

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-73582-1

URL: lizenzpflichtig

UID:

Format: 1 online resource (417 pages)

ISBN: 3-030-73582-6

Series Statement: Lecture Notes in Physics ; v.956

Note: Intro -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- About the Author -- Part I Generalities -- 1 A Brief History of Gravitational Lensing -- 1.1 Corpuscular Theory of Light -- 1.2 The Einstein Revolution -- 1.3 How to Prove the Deflection of Light? -- 1.4 The Eddington Expeditions -- 1.5 Following Intuitions -- 1.6 First Observational Discoveries -- 1.7 The First Microlensing Observations -- 1.8 The Detection of Weak Lensing -- References -- 2 Light Deflection -- 2.1 Deflection of a Light Corpuscle -- 2.2 Deflection of Light According to General Relativity -- 2.2.1 Fermat Principle and Light Deflection -- Deflection in the Perturbed Minkowski's Space-Time -- Effective Refractive Index -- Deflection Angle -- Born Approximation -- 2.2.2 Deflection of Light in the Strong Field Limit -- 2.3 Deflection by an Ensemble of Point Masses -- 2.4 Deflection by an Extended Mass Distribution -- 2.5 Python Applications -- 2.5.1 Light Deflection by a Black-Hole -- 2.5.2 Light Deflection by an Extended Mass Distribution -- References -- 3 The General Lens -- 3.1 Lens Equation -- 3.2 Lensing Potential -- 3.3 First Order Lens Mapping -- 3.3.1 First Order Lensing of a Circular Source -- 3.4 Magnification -- 3.5 Lensing to the Second Order -- 3.5.1 Complex Notation -- 3.6 Time Delay Surface -- 3.6.1 Gravitational and Geometrical Time Delays -- 3.6.2 Multiple Images and Magnification -- 3.6.3 Examples -- Axially Symmetric Lenses: One-Dimensional Case -- Axially Symmetric Lenses: Two-Dimensional Case -- Elliptical Potentials -- 3.6.4 General Considerations -- 3.7 Python Applications -- 3.7.1 Implementing a Ray-Tracing Algorithm -- 3.7.2 Derivation of the Lensing Potential -- 3.7.3 Lensing Maps -- 3.7.4 Critical Lines and Caustics -- 3.7.5 Shear and Flexion -- 3.7.6 Full Ray-Tracing Simulation and Time Delay Surface -- 3.7.7 Lensing by Numerically Simulated Mass Distributions. , References -- Part II Applications -- 4 Microlenses -- 4.1 The Point-Mass Lens -- 4.1.1 Deflection Angle and Lensing Potential -- 4.1.2 Lens Equation -- 4.1.3 Multiple Images -- 4.1.4 Critical Lines, Caustics, and Magnification -- 4.1.5 Source Magnification -- 4.1.6 Microlensing Cross Section -- 4.2 Microlensing Light-Curve -- 4.2.1 Light-Curve Fitting -- 4.3 Microlensing Parallax -- 4.3.1 Orbital Parallax -- 4.3.2 Satellite Parallax -- 4.3.3 Terrestrial Parallax -- 4.4 Astrometric Microlensing -- 4.5 Photometric Microlensing: Optical Depth and Event Rates -- 4.5.1 Optical Depth -- Optical Depth of an Exponential Disk -- 4.5.2 Event Rate -- 4.6 Results from MACHO Searches -- 4.7 Multiple Point Masses -- 4.7.1 Generalities -- Deflection Angle -- Lens Equation -- Critical Lines -- 4.7.2 Binary Lenses -- Lens Equation -- Critical Lines and Caustics -- Multiple Images -- Image Magnifications and Light-Curves -- 4.8 Planetary Microlensing -- 4.8.1 Perturbations of the Central Caustic -- 4.8.2 Perturbations of the Planetary Caustic -- 4.8.3 Perturbations of the Resonant Caustic -- 4.8.4 Perturbations of the Inner and Outer Images -- 4.8.5 Analysis of the Light-Curve in a Planetary Caustic Crossing Event -- 4.8.6 Planetary Microlensing Detections -- 4.9 Python Applications -- 4.9.1 Standard Microlensing Light-Curve -- 4.9.2 Fitting the Standard Light-Curve -- 4.9.3 Distribution of Microlensing Event Timescale -- 4.9.4 Astrometric Microlensing Effect -- 4.9.5 Critical Lines and Caustics of a Binary Lens -- 4.9.6 Solving the Lens Equation of the Binary Lens -- 4.9.7 Light-Curve in a Binary Microlensing Event -- References -- 5 Extended Lenses -- 5.1 Circular, Axially Symmetric Lenses -- Critical Lines and Caustics -- Einstein Radius -- Tangential and Radial Magnification of the Images -- 5.2 Power-Law Lens -- 5.2.1 Lenses with 1< -- n< -- 2. , Critical Lines and Caustics -- Multiple Images -- Image Magnification -- 5.2.2 Lenses with n > -- 2 -- 5.2.3 Singular Isothermal Sphere -- 5.3 Softened (Non-singular) Isothermal Lenses -- 5.4 Elliptical Lenses -- 5.4.1 Singular Isothermal Ellipsoid -- Convergence -- Lensing Potential -- Deflection Angle -- Shear -- Critical Lines -- Caustic and Cut -- Multiple Images -- Distortion and Parity of the Images -- 5.4.2 Softened (Non-singular) Elliptical Models -- 5.4.3 Pseudo-Elliptical Models -- 5.5 Other Profiles -- 5.5.1 The Navarro-Frenk-White Model -- 5.5.2 The Dual Pseudo-Isothermal Mass Distribution -- 5.6 External Perturbations -- 5.7 Multiple Mass Components -- 5.8 Time Delays -- 5.9 Mass-Sheet Degeneracy -- 5.10 Multiple Lens Planes -- 5.11 Python Applications -- 5.11.1 Numerical Solution of the Lens Equation -- Multiple Images by a SIE Lens -- 5.11.2 Triangle Mapping -- 5.11.3 SIS Lens in an External Shear -- 5.11.4 Multiple Lens Planes -- References -- 6 Lensing by Galaxies and Clusters -- 6.1 Strong Lensing by Galaxies and Galaxy Clusters -- 6.1.1 Scale of the Lensing Events -- 6.1.2 Strong Lensing Cross-Section -- 6.1.3 The Quest for Strong Lensing Galaxies -- 6.1.4 Strong Lensing by Galaxy Clusters -- 6.1.5 Lens Inversion -- Parametric Reconstruction Algorithms -- Simultaneous Reconstruction of Source and Lens -- Complex Parametric Models -- Free-Form Reconstruction Algorithms -- 6.2 Weak Lensing by Galaxy Clusters -- 6.2.1 The Principle -- 6.2.2 Ellipticity Measurements -- 6.2.3 Tangential and Cross Component of the Shear -- 6.2.4 Aperture Mass Densitometry -- 6.2.5 The Kaiser and Squires Inversion Algorithm -- 6.2.6 Challenges in Shear Measurements -- Intrinsic Source Ellipticity -- Effects of the Point-Spread-Function -- 6.2.7 Redshift Dependence of the Signal -- 6.2.8 Limitations of the Methods. , 6.3 Applications of Lensing by Galaxies and Galaxy Clusters -- 6.3.1 The Nature of Dark Matter -- 6.3.2 The Interplay Between Dark Matter and Baryons -- 6.3.3 Cosmic Telescopes -- 6.3.4 Cosmological Applications -- 6.4 Python Applications -- 6.4.1 Parametric Strong Lensing Mass Reconstruction -- Simulating a Lens -- Lens Modeling -- Using More Constraints -- Optimization in the Source Plane -- 6.4.2 Parametric Weak Lensing Mass Measurement -- Weak Lensing Measurements -- Fit of the Tangential Shear Profile -- 6.4.3 The Kaiser-Squires Inversion Algorithm -- References -- 7 Lensing by Large-Scale Structure -- 7.1 Light Propagation Through an In-homogeneous Universe -- 7.1.1 Deflection of Light -- 7.1.2 Effective Convergence -- 7.1.3 Limber's Equation and the Convergence Correlation Function -- 7.1.4 Effective Lensing Potential, Lensing Jacobian, Shear -- 7.2 Cosmic Shear -- 7.2.1 Shear Correlation Functions -- 7.2.2 Shear in Apertures and Aperture Mass -- 7.2.3 E- and B-modes -- 7.2.4 Cosmic Shear as a Cosmological Probe -- 7.3 Lensing of Cosmic Microwave Background -- 7.3.1 Lensing of the CMB Temperature -- 7.3.2 Lensing of the CMB Polarization -- 7.3.3 Reconstruction of the Lensing Potential -- 7.4 Python Applications -- 7.4.1 Effective Shear and Potential -- 7.4.2 Power Spectrum -- 7.4.3 Correlation Functions -- References -- Part III Appendixes -- 8 Python Mini-Tutorial -- 8.1 Installation -- 8.2 Documentation -- 8.3 Running Python -- 8.4 Your First Python Code -- 8.5 Variables -- 8.6 Strings -- 8.7 Lists -- 8.8 Tuples -- 8.9 Dictionaries -- 8.10 Blocks and Indentation -- 8.11 IF/ELIF/ELSE -- 8.12 While Loops -- 8.13 For Loops -- 8.14 Functions -- 8.15 Classes -- 8.16 Inheritance -- 8.17 Modules -- 8.18 Importing Packages -- 9 Cosmology Primer -- 9.1 The Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker Metric -- 9.2 Redshift -- 9.3 The Friedmann Equations. , 9.4 Cosmological Parameters -- 9.5 Cosmological Distances -- 9.6 The Friedmann Models -- 9.6.1 Single Component Models -- 9.6.2 Multiple Component Models -- 9.7 Structure Formation -- 9.7.1 Linear Growth of Density Perturbations -- 9.7.2 Density Power Spectrum -- 9.7.3 Non-linear Evolution -- 9.8 Mass Function -- 9.9 Dark Energy Models -- References -- Index.

Additional Edition: ISBN 3-030-73581-8

Language: English