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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Belt and road economics : opportunities and risks of transport corridors (2019)
    Washington, DC : International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank
    Details
    UID:
    gbv_1680738100
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (xiv, 140 Seiten) , Diagramme, Karten
    ISBN: 9781464814655
    Content: China proposed the Belt and Road Initiative in 2013 to improve connectivity and cooperation on a transcontinental scale. This study, by a team of World Bank Group economists led by Michele Ruta, analyzes the economics of the initiative. It assesses the connectivity gaps between economies along the initiative’s corridors, examines the costs and economic effects of the infrastructure improvements proposed under the initiative, and identifies complementary policy reforms and institutions that will support welfare maximization and mitigation of risks for participating economies
    Additional Edition: ISBN 9781464813924
    Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe Ruta, Michele, 1974 - Belt and road economics Washington, DC, USA : World Bank Group, 2019 ISBN 9781464813924
    Language: English
    URL: kostenfrei
    URL: kostenfrei
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    Author information: Ruta, Michele 1974-
    Author information: Lall, Somik V. 1972-
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Online Resource
    Stabi Berlin
    UB Potsdam
    MPI Bildungsforschung
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Deep Integration and UK-EU Trade Relations (2017)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    UID:
    b3kat_BV048269175
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (24 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Content: This paper studies the impact of deep agreements on United Kingdom-European Union trade relations. A standard gravity model is applied to assess the effect that European Union membership had on the United Kingdom's trade. The paper uses new information on the content of trade agreements to build a measure of "depth" based on the number of provisions the agreements cover. The analysis relies on information on goods, services, and value-added trade from the World Input Output Database. Deep trade agreements are found to increase goods and services trade by 42 percent, and value-added trade by 14 percent on average. European Union membership had a particularly strong effect on United Kingdom's services and global value chain trade. Because of its membership, the United Kingdom's services trade more than doubled, and the country's backward and forward participation in global value chains increased by more than 30 percent each. The paper uses these estimates to evaluate the future of United Kingdom-European Union trade under different scenarios. The findings show that United Kingdom-European Union trade declines under all scenarios, ranging between 6 and 28 percent for trade in value added. This drop is sharper (particularly for services and global value chain trade) the lower is the depth of the future arrangement relative to the depth of the European Union agreement. As trade flows adjust slowly to changes in trade costs, these effects are expected to emerge over time. But the trade-off between the depth of trade agreements and trade intensity will delimit policy choices going forward
    Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe Mulabdic, Alen Deep Integration and UK-EU Trade Relations Washington, D.C : The World Bank, 2017
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-7947
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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    Online Resource
    Fulltext
    EUV Frankfurt
    HTW Berlin
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Are banks engines of export? : financial structures and export dynamics (2018)
    Washington, D.C. : World Bank Group, Macroeconomics, Trade and Investment Global Practice
    Details
    UID:
    gbv_1043834710
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 41 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 8621
    Content: This paper studies the impact of financial structures on the dynamics of the export sector using rich data from over 60 countries. The results reveal that bank-oriented financial systems boost the size of the export sector more than market-oriented financial systems. However, especially in middle- and low-income countries, this effect mostly stems from banks slowing down exporters' exit rather than promoting firms' entry into export. The reduced exit from the export sector appears to reflect domestic banks' tendency to evergreen loans to exporters ("soft budget constraint") more than banks' buffering role in difficult times. Foreign banks mitigate this effect and enhance the dynamism of the export sector
    Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe Minetti, Raoul Are Banks Engines of Export? Financial Structures And Export Dynamics Washington, D.C : The World Bank, 2018
    Language: English
    Keywords: Graue Literatur
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-8621
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    Author information: Ruta, Michele 1974-
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Online Resource
    Online Access
    Open Access Request
    UB Potsdam
    MPI Bildungsforschung
  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    How much will the Belt and Road Initiative reduce trade costs? (2018)
    Washington, D.C. : World Bank Group, Macroeconomics, Trade and Investment Global Practice, Middle East and North Africa Region, Development Research Group
    Details
    UID:
    gbv_1043832998
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 43 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 8614
    Content: This paper studies the impact of transport infrastructure projects of the Belt and Road Initiative on shipment times and trade costs. Based on a new data on completed and planned Belt and Road transport projects, Geographic Information System analysis is used to estimate shipment times before and after the Belt and Road Initiative. Two sets of data are computed to address different research questions: a global database based on an analysis of 1,000 cities in 191 countries and 47 sectors and a regional database that focuses on more granular information (1,818 cities) for Belt and Road economies only. The paper uses sectoral estimates of "value of time" to transform changes in shipment times into changes in ad valorem trade costs at the country-sector level. The findings show that the Belt and Road Initiative will significantly reduce shipment times and trade costs. For the world, the average reduction in shipment time will range between 1.2 and 2.5 percent, leading to reduction of aggregate trade costs between 1.1 and 2.2 percent. For Belt and Road economies, the change in shipment times and trade costs will range between 1.7 and 3.2 percent and 1.5 and 2.8 percent, respectively. Belt and Road economies located along the corridors where projects are built experience the largest gains. Shipment times along these corridors decline by up to 11.9 percent and trade costs by up to 10.2 percent. The paper also shows that these effects are magnified by policy reforms that reduce border delays and improve corridor management
    Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe de Soyres, Francois How Much Will the Belt and Road Initiative Reduce Trade Costs? Washington, D.C : The World Bank, 2018
    Language: English
    Keywords: Graue Literatur
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-8614
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    Author information: Ruta, Michele 1974-
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Online Resource
    Online Access
    Open Access Request
    UB Potsdam
    MPI Bildungsforschung
  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Common transport infrastructure : a quantitative model and estimates from the Belt and Road Initiative (2019)
    Washington, DC, USA : World Bank Group, Macroeconomics, Trade and Investment Global Practice & Middle East and North Africa Region, Office of the Chief Economist
    Details
    UID:
    gbv_1666292133
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 42 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 8801
    Content: This paper presents a structural general equilibrium model to analyze the effects on trade, welfare, and gross domestic product of common transport infrastructure. Specifically, the model builds on the framework by Caliendo and Parro (2015)-a Ricardian model with sectoral linkages, trade in intermediate goods and sectoral heterogeneity-to allow for changes in trade costs due to improvements in transportation infrastructure, financed through domestic taxation, connecting multiple countries. The model highlights the trade impact of infrastructure investments through cross-border input-output linkages. This framework is then used to quantify the impact of the Belt and Road Initiative. Using new estimates on the effects on trade costs of transport infrastructure related to the initiative based on Geographic Information System analysis, the model shows that gross domestic product will increase by up to 3.4 percent for participating countries and by up to 2.9 percent for the world. Because trade gains are not commensurate with projected investments, some countries may experience a negative welfare effect due to the high cost of the infrastructure. The analysis also finds strong complementarity between infrastructure investment and trade policy reforms
    Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe De Soyres, Francois Michel Marie Raphael Common Transport Infrastructure: A Quantitative Model and Estimates from the Belt and Road Initiative Washington, D.C : The World Bank, 2019
    Language: English
    Keywords: Graue Literatur
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-8801
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    Author information: Ruta, Michele 1974-
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Online Resource
    Online Access
    Open Access Request
    UB Potsdam
    MPI Bildungsforschung
  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Is US Trade Policy Reshaping Global Supply Chains? (2023)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    UID:
    gbv_1877052523
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (30 pages)
    Content: This paper examines the reshaping of supply chains using detailed US 10-digit import data (tariff-line level) between 2017 and 2022. The results show that while US-China decoupling in bilateral trade is real, supply chains remain intertwined with China. Over the period, China's share of US imports fell from 22 to 16 percent. The paper shows that the decline is due to US tariffs. US imports from China are being replaced with imports from large developing countries with revealed comparative advantage in a product. Countries replacing China tend to be deeply integrated into China's supply chains and are experiencing faster import growth from China, especially in strategic industries. Put differently, to displace China on the export side, countries must embrace China's supply chains. Within products, the reorientation of trade is consistent with a "China + 1" strategy, as opposed to diversified sourcing across multiple countries. There is some evidence of nearshoring, but it is exclusive to border nations, and there is no consistent evidence of reshoring. Despite the significant reshaping, China remained the top supplier of imported goods to the US in 2022
    Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe Freund, Caroline Is US Trade Policy Reshaping Global Supply Chains? Washington, D.C. : The World Bank, 2023
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-10593
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Online Resource
    Open Access Request
    UB Potsdam
    MPI Bildungsforschung
  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Third-country effects of regional trade agreements : a firm-level analysis (2019)
    [Washington, DC, USA] : World Bank Group, Macroeconomics, Trade and Investment Global Practice
    Details
    UID:
    gbv_1691168467
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 34 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 9064
    Content: Do regional trade agreements negatively impact non-members? This paper revisits this long-standing trade policy question using firm-level data and detailed information on the content of trade agreements. Differently from the conventional view on trade diversion, the analysis identifies a positive spillover effect of regional trade agreements: they increase the probability of export and entry of third-country firms that previously exported to one of the member countries. This spillover effect is driven by deeper trade agreements, as they make member countries more "similar" in terms of the regulatory environment. Indeed, firms exporting regulation-intensive products benefit disproportionately more from deep trade agreements in destination markets, especially if the agreement includes nondiscriminatory provisions and addresses regulatory issues
    Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe Woori Lee Third-Country Effects of Regional Trade Agreements: A Firm-Level Analysis Washington, D.C : The World Bank, 2019
    Language: English
    Keywords: Graue Literatur
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-9064
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    Author information: Ruta, Michele 1974-
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Online Resource
    Open Access Request
    UB Potsdam
    MPI Bildungsforschung
  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Is 3D printing a threat to global trade? : the trade effects you didn’t hear about : World Development Report 2020 background paper (2019)
    [Washington, DC, USA] : World Bank Group, Development Economics, Macroeconomics, Trade and Investment Global Practice
    Details
    UID:
    gbv_1681948346
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 43 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 9024
    Content: In the mid-2000s, the production of hearing aids shifted almost entirely to 3D printing. Using difference-in-differences and synthetic control methods, this paper examines the effects of this shift on trade flows. The analysis finds that trade increased roughly 60 percent following the introduction of 3D printing. Revealed comparative advantage was reinforced, with exports growing most rapidly for middle- and high-income countries. The analysis also finds that developing countries increased their imports of hearing aids as a result of the innovation, benefitting consumers. As a robustness check, the paper examines 35 products that are partially 3D printed and finds positive and significant effects on trade. The results counter widespread views that 3D printing will shorten supply chains and reduce trade
    Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe Freund, Caroline Is 3D Printing a Threat to Global Trade? The Trade Effects you Didn't Hear About Washington, D.C : The World Bank, 2019
    Language: English
    Keywords: Graue Literatur
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-9024
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    Author information: Ruta, Michele 1974-
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
    Open Access Request
    UB Potsdam
    MPI Bildungsforschung
  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Common Transport Infrastructure : A Quantitative Model and Estimates from the Belt and Road Initiative (2019)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    UID:
    b3kat_BV048274272
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (42 Seiten)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Content: This paper presents a structural general equilibrium model to analyze the effects on trade, welfare, and gross domestic product of common transport infrastructure. Specifically, the model builds on the framework by Caliendo and Parro (2015)-a Ricardian model with sectoral linkages, trade in intermediate goods and sectoral heterogeneity-to allow for changes in trade costs due to improvements in transportation infrastructure, financed through domestic taxation, connecting multiple countries. The model highlights the trade impact of infrastructure investments through cross-border input-output linkages. This framework is then used to quantify the impact of the Belt and Road Initiative. Using new estimates on the effects on trade costs of transport infrastructure related to the initiative based on Geographic Information System analysis, the model shows that gross domestic product will increase by up to 3.4 percent for participating countries and by up to 2.9 percent for the world. Because trade gains are not commensurate with projected investments, some countries may experience a negative welfare effect due to the high cost of the infrastructure. The analysis also finds strong complementarity between infrastructure investment and trade policy reforms
    Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe De Soyres, Francois Michel Marie Raphael Common Transport Infrastructure: A Quantitative Model and Estimates from the Belt and Road Initiative Washington, D.C : The World Bank, 2019
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-8801
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Online Resource
    Fulltext
    EUV Frankfurt
    HTW Berlin
  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Gravity Model-Based Export Potential : An Application to Turkey (2021)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    UID:
    b3kat_BV049081824
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (37 Seiten)
    Content: This paper presents a framework to study countries' export potentials. It uses a gravity model to develop measures of export and trade policy potentials at the aggregate, bilateral, and industry levels. The methodology is applied to the case of Turkey. The analysis finds that Turkey was moderately under-exporting over 2010-17. The United States, China, and Japan are important untapped destination markets, accounting for USD 29 billion (16-17 percent of total exports) of missing exports. Industry-level results suggest that Turkey has high export potential in the electronics and chemical industries
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-9557
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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    Fulltext
    EUV Frankfurt
    HTW Berlin
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