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  • 1
    UID:
    b3kat_BV049079232
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (77 Seiten)
    Content: Potential growth-the rate of expansion an economy can sustain at full capacity and employment-is a critical driver of development progress. It is also a major input in the formulation of fiscal and monetary policies over the business cycle. This paper introduces the most comprehensive database to date, covering the nine most commonly used measures of potential growth for up to 173 countries over 1981-2021. Based on this database, the paper presents three findings. First, all measures of global potential growth show a steady and widespread decline over the past decade, with all the fundamental drivers of growth losing momentum over time. In 2011-21, potential growth was below its 2000-10 average in nearly all advanced economies and roughly 60 percent of emerging market and developing economies. Second, adverse events, such as the global financial crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic, contributed to the decline. At the country-level also, national recessions lowered potential growth even five years after their onset. Third, the persistent impact of recessions on potential growth operated through weaker growth of investment, employment, and productivity
    Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe Kilic Celik, Sinem Potential Growth: A Global Database Washington, D.C. : The World Bank, 2023
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 2
    UID:
    b3kat_BV047354799
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource , Diagramme, Illustrationen
    ISBN: 9781464815454
    Note: Tabellen, Literaturverzeichnisse, Literaturhinweise
    Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe Kose, M. Ayhan Global waves of debt Washington, DC, USA : World Bank Group, 2021 ISBN 9781464815447
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
    Author information: Kose, M. Ayhan
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C. : World Bank Group, Development Economics, Development Prospects Group
    UID:
    gbv_1031644849
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 28 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 8495
    Content: Rapid growth among the major emerging markets over the past 20 years has boosted global demand for commodities. The seven largest emerging markets accounted for almost all the increase in global consumption of metals, and two-thirds of the increase in energy consumption over this period. As emerging market economies mature and shift towards less commodity-intensive activities, their demand for commodities may plateau. This paper estimates income elasticities of demand for a range of energy, metal and food commodities, and finds evidence of plateauing among several commodities. Looking ahead, as economies mature and GDP growth slows, growth in demand for commodities may also slow. Based on current population and GDP growth forecasts, this paper produces scenarios of potential growth in demand for commodities over the next decade. While global energy consumption growth may remain broadly steady, growth in global demand for metals and food could slow by one-third over the next decade. This would dampen global commodity prices. Despite an expected slowdown in its growth rate, China would likely remain the single largest consumer of many commodities. For the two-thirds of emerging market and developing economies that depend on raw materials for government and export revenues, these prospects reinforce the need for economic diversification and the strengthening of policy frameworks
    Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe Baffes, John The Role of Major Emerging Markets in Global Commodity Demand Washington, D.C : The World Bank, 2018
    Language: English
    Keywords: Graue Literatur
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, DC, USA : World Bank Group, Macroeconomics, Trade and Investment Global Practice
    UID:
    gbv_1665868465
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 80 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 8738
    Content: In the past four to five decades, inflation has fallen around the world, with median annual global consumer price inflation down from a peak of 16.6 percent in 1974 to 2.6 percent in 2017. This decline began in advanced economies in the mid-1980s and in emerging market and developing economies in the mid-1990s. By 2000, global inflation had stabilized at historically low levels. Lower inflation has been accompanied by reduced inflation volatility, especially in advanced economies. This improvement in inflation outcomes has stemmed in large part from structural economic changes, including improved monetary and fiscal policy frameworks as well as international trade and financial liberalization. Lower and more stable inflation has often been associated with better growth and development outcomes, partly by reducing uncertainty, fostering a more efficient allocation of resources, and helping preserve financial stability
    Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe Ha, Jongrim Inflation: Concepts, Evolution, and Correlates Washington, D.C : The World Bank, 2019
    Language: English
    Keywords: Graue Literatur
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, DC, USA : World Bank Group, Macroeconomics, Trade and Investment Global Practice
    UID:
    gbv_1666264636
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 33 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 8761
    Content: Emerging market and developing economies (EMDEs) have experienced an extraordinary decline in inflation since the early 1970s. After peaking in 1974 at 17.3 percent, inflation in these economies declined to 3.5 percent in 2017. Despite a checkered history of managing inflation among many EMDEs, disinflation occurred across all regions. This paper presents a summary of a recent book, 'Inflation in Emerging and Developing Economies: Evolution, Drivers, and Policies', that analyzes this remarkable achievement. The findings suggest that many EMDEs enjoy the benefits of stability-oriented and resilient monetary policy frameworks, including central bank transparency and independence. Such policy frameworks need to be complemented by strong macroeconomic and institutional arrangements. Inflation expectations are more weakly anchored in EMDEs than in advanced economies. In EMDEs that do not operate inflation targeting frameworks, exchange rate movements tend to have larger and more persistent effects on inflation
    Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe Ha, Jongrim Understanding Inflation in Emerging and Developing Economies Washington, D.C : The World Bank, 2019
    Language: English
    Keywords: Graue Literatur
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Author information: Kose, M. Ayhan
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, DC, USA : World Bank Group, Macroeconomics, Trade and Investment Global Practice
    UID:
    gbv_1666269484
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 41 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 8768
    Content: The paper studies the extent of global inflation synchronization using a dynamic factor model in a large set of countries over a half century. The authors' methodology allows them to account for differences across groups of countries (advanced economies and emerging market and developing economies) and to analyze commonalities in inflation synchronization across a wide range of inflation measures. The paper reports three major results. First, inflation movements have become increasingly synchronized internationally over time: a common global factor has accounted for about 22 percent of variation in national inflation rates since 2001. Second, inflation synchronization has also become more broad-based: while it was previously much more pronounced among advanced economies than among emerging market and developing economies, it has become substantial in both groups over the past two decades. In addition, inflation synchronization has become significant across all inflation measures since 2001, whereas it was previously prominent only for inflation measures that included mostly tradable goods
    Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe Ha, Jongrim Global Inflation Synchronization Washington, D.C : The World Bank, 2019
    Language: English
    Keywords: Graue Literatur
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Author information: Kose, M. Ayhan
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, DC, USA : World Bank Group, Macroeconomics, Trade and Investment Global Practice
    UID:
    gbv_1666286818
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 43 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 8784
    Content: The fiscal position can affect fiscal multipliers through two channels. Through the Ricardian channel, households reduce consumption in anticipation of future fiscal adjustments when fiscal stimulus is implemented from a weak fiscal position. Through the interest rate channel, fiscal stimulus from a weak fiscal position heightens investors' concerns about sovereign credit risk, raises economy-wide borrowing cost, and reduces private domestic demand. The paper documents empirically the relevance of these two channels using an Interactive Panel Vector Auto Regression model. It finds that fiscal multipliers tend to be smaller when fiscal positions are weak than strong
    Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe Huidrom, Raju Why Do Fiscal Multipliers Depend on Fiscal Positions? Washington, D.C : The World Bank, 2019
    Language: English
    Keywords: Graue Literatur
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Author information: Lim, Jamus Jerome
    Author information: Kose, M. Ayhan
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  • 8
    UID:
    gbv_172670811X
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 49 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 9320
    Content: The outbreak of COVID-19 and the wide-ranging measures needed to slow its advance triggered an unprecedented collapse in oil demand, a surge in oil inventories, and a record one-month decline in oil prices in March 2020. This paper examines the likely implications of the 2020 oil price plunge for emerging market and developing economies. It presents four main results. First, the record plunge in oil prices was predominantly driven by demand factors as wide-ranging measures to stem the pandemic precipitated an unprecedented collapse in oil demand, but the surge in oil inventories also exerted downward pressure on oil prices. Second, this latest oil price decline was preceded by six previous plunges over the past half-century, during which energy exporters and importers suffered similar initial output losses (about 0.5 percent) that were unwound within three years. Third, the current episode of low oil prices holds limited promise to boost the global economy amid widespread restrictions and narrow room for fiscal support in energy-exporting emerging market and developing economies. Fourth, many emerging market and developing economies entered the current public health crisis with precarious fiscal positions; current low oil prices are thus an opportunity to review energy-pricing policies, including remaining energy subsidies, to mobilize domestic resources
    Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe Wheeler, Collette Mari Adding Fuel to the Fire: Cheap Oil during the COVID-19 Pandemic Washington, D.C : The World Bank, 2020
    Language: English
    Keywords: Graue Literatur
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  • 9
    UID:
    gbv_1724866206
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (31 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Content: The seven largest emerging market economies-China, India, Brazil, Russia, Mexico, Indonesia, and Turkey-constituted more than one-quarter of global output and more than half of global output growth during 2010-15. These emerging markets, called EM7, are also closely integrated with other countries, especially with other emerging and frontier markets. Given their size and integration, growth in EM7 could have significant cross-border spillovers. The authors provide empirical estimates of these spillovers using a Bayesian vector autoregression model. They report three main results. First, spillovers from EM7 are sizeable: a 1 percentage point increase in EM7 growth is associated with a 0.9 percentage point increase in growth in other emerging and frontier markets and a 0.6 percentage point increase in world growth at the end of three years. Second, sizeable as they are, spillovers from EM7 are still smaller than those from G7 countries (Group of Seven of advanced economies). Specifically, growth in other emerging and frontier markets, and the global economy would increase by one-half to three times more due to a similarly sized increase in G7 growth. Third, among the EM7, spillovers from China are the largest and permeate globally
    Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe Huidrom, Raju How Important are Spillovers from Major Emerging Markets? Washington, D.C : The World Bank, 2017
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Author information: Kose, M. Ayhan
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, DC, USA] : World Bank Group, Prospects Group
    UID:
    gbv_1743490208
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 29 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 9403
    Content: The COVID-19-triggered collapse in oil prices in March and April 2020 was the seventh, and by far the most severe, in a series of such collapses since 1970. This paper, first, compares this most recent collapse and its drivers with previous ones in an event study. It finds that it was associated with an exceptionally severe plunge in oil demand. Second, in a local projections model, this paper estimates the implications of demand- and supply-driven oil price collapses for growth in emerging markets and developing economies (EMDEs). The paper finds that steep oil price collapses were associated with significant and lasting output losses in energy-exporting EMDEs but no meaningful output gains in energy-importing EMDEs. These results are robust to multiple robustness checks
    Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe Kabundi, Alain Implications of Cheap Oil for Emerging Markets Washington, D.C : The World Bank, 2020
    Language: English
    Keywords: Graue Literatur
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