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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Exploiting Externalities to Estimate the Long-Term Effects of Early Childhood Deworming (2014)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    UID:
    b3kat_BV048266485
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (38 p)
    Content: This paper investigates whether a large-scale deworming intervention aimed at primary school pupils in western Kenya had long-term effects on young children in the region. The paper exploits positive externalities from the program to estimate the impact on younger children who did not receive treatment directly. Ten years after the intervention, large cognitive effects are found - comparable to between 0.5 and 0.8 years of schooling - for children who were less than one year old when their communities received mass deworming treatment. Because mass deworming was administered through schools, effects are estimated among children who were likely to have older siblings in schools receiving the treatment directly; in this subpopulation, effects are nearly twice as large
    Additional Edition: Ozier, Owen Exploiting Externalities to Estimate the Long-Term Effects of Early Childhood Deworming
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    UB Potsdam
    EUV Frankfurt
    HTW Berlin
    MPI Bildungsforschung
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Impact of Secondary Schooling in Kenya : A Regression Discontinuity Analysis (2015)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    UID:
    b3kat_BV048269763
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (67 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Content: This paper estimates the impacts of secondary school on human capital, occupational choice, and fertility for young adults in Kenya. The probability of admission to government secondary school rises sharply at a score close to the national mean on a standardized 8th grade examination, permitting the estimation of causal effects of schooling in a regression discontinuity framework. The analysis combines administrative test score data with a recent survey of young adults to estimate these impacts. The results show that secondary schooling increases human capital, as measured by performance on cognitive tests included in the survey. For men, there is a drop in the probability of low-skill self-employment, as well as suggestive evidence of a rise in the probability of formal employment. The opportunity to attend secondary school also reduces teen pregnancy among women
    Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe Ozier, Owen The Impact of Secondary Schooling in Kenya: A Regression Discontinuity Analysis Washington, D.C : The World Bank, 2015
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-7384
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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    EUV Frankfurt
    HTW Berlin
    MPI Bildungsforschung
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Perils of Simulation : Parallel Streams and the Case of Stata's Rnormal Command (2012)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    UID:
    b3kat_BV048265714
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (18 p)
    Content: Large-scale simulation-based studies rely on at least three properties of pseudorandom number sequences: they behave in many ways like truly random numbers; they can be replicated; and they can be generated in parallel. There has been some divergence, however, between empirical techniques employing random numbers, and the standard battery of tests used to validate them. A random number generator that passes tests for any single stream of random numbers may fail the same tests when it is used to generate multiple streams in parallel. The lack of systematic testing of parallel streams leaves statistical software with important potential vulnerabilities. This paper shows one such vulnerability in Stata's rnormal function that went unnoticed for almost four years, and how to detect it. It then shows practical implications for the use of parallel streams in existing software
    Additional Edition: Ozier, Owen Perils of Simulation
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-6278
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    UB Potsdam
    EUV Frankfurt
    HTW Berlin
    MPI Bildungsforschung
  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Does Africa Need a Rotten Kin Theorem? : Experimental Evidence from Village Economies (2012)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    UID:
    b3kat_BV048265520
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (65 p)
    Content: This paper measures the economic impact of social pressure to share income with kin and neighbors in rural Kenyan villages. The authors conduct a lab experiment in which they randomly vary the observability of investment returns. The goal is to test whether subjects reduce their income in order to keep it hidden. The analysis finds that women adopt an investment strategy that conceals the size of their initial endowment in the experiment, although that strategy reduces their expected earnings. This effect is largest among women with relatives attending the experiment. Parameter estimates suggest that women behave as though they expect to be pressured to share four percent of their observable income with others, and substantially more when close kin can observe income directly. Although this paper provides experimental evidence from a single African country, observational studies suggest that similar pressure from kin may be prevalent in many rural areas throughout Sub-Saharan Africa
    Additional Edition: Jakiela, Pamela Does Africa Need a Rotten Kin Theorem?
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-6085
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    UB Potsdam
    EUV Frankfurt
    HTW Berlin
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Impact of Violence on Individual Risk Preferences : Evidence from a Natural Experiment (2015)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    UID:
    b3kat_BV048269983
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (37 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Content: This study estimates the impact of Kenya's post-election violence on individual risk preferences. Because the crisis interrupted a longitudinal survey of more than five thousand Kenyan youth, this timing creates plausibly exogenous variation in exposure to civil conflict by the time of the survey. The study measures individual risk preferences using hypothetical lottery choice questions, which are validated by showing that they predict migration and entrepreneurship in the cross-section. The results indicate that the post-election violence sharply increased individual risk aversion. Immediately after the crisis, the fraction of subjects who are classified as either risk neutral or risk loving dropped by roughly 26 percent. The findings remain robust to an IV estimation strategy that exploits random assignment of respondents to waves of surveying
    Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe Jakiela, Pamela The Impact of Violence on Individual Risk Preferences: Evidence from a Natural Experiment Washington, D.C : The World Bank, 2015
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-7440
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Firm of One's Own : Experimental Evidence on Credit Constraints and Occupational Choice (2017)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    UID:
    b3kat_BV048269242
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (45 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Content: This study presents results from a randomized evaluation of two labor market interventions targeted to young women aged 18 to 19 years in three of Nairobi's poorest neighborhoods. One treatment offered participants a bundled intervention designed to simultaneously relieve credit and human capital constraints; a second treatment provided women with an unrestricted cash grant, but no training or other support. Both interventions had economically large and statistically significant impacts on income over the medium term (7 to 10 months after the end of the interventions), but these impacts dissipated in the second year after treatment. The results are consistent with a model in which savings constraints prevent women from smoothing consumption after receiving large transfers-even in the absence of credit constraints, and when participants have no intention of remaining in entrepreneurship. The study also shows that participants hold remarkably accurate beliefs about the impacts of the treatments on occupational choice
    Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe Brudevold-Newman, Andrew A Firm of One's Own: Experimental Evidence on Credit Constraints and Occupational Choice Washington, D.C : The World Bank, 2017
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-7977
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Motivating bureaucrats through social recognition : evidence from simultaneous field experiments (2018)
    Washington, D.C. : World Bank Group, Development Economics, Development Research Group
    Details
    UID:
    gbv_1027345808
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 38 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 8473
    Content: Bureaucratic performance is a crucial determinant of economic growth. Little is known about how to improve it in resource-constrained settings. This study describes a field trial of a social recognition intervention to improve record keeping in clinics in two Nigerian states, replicating the intervention-implemented by a single organization-on bureaucrats performing identical tasks in both states. Social recognition improved performance in one state but had no effect in the other, highlighting both the potential and the limitations of behavioral interventions. Differences in observables did not explain cross-state differences in impacts, however, illustrating the limitations of observable-based approaches to external validity
    Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe Gauri, Varun Motivating Bureaucrats through Social Recognition: Evidence from Simultaneous Field Experiments Washington, D.C : The World Bank, 2018
    Language: English
    Keywords: Graue Literatur
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-8473
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    Author information: Gauri, Varun 1966-
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Gendered language (2018)
    Washington, D.C. : World Bank Group, Development Economics, Development Research Group
    Details
    UID:
    gbv_1027337635
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 57 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 8464
    Content: Languages use different systems for classifying nouns. Gender languages assign many-sometimes all-nouns to distinct sex-based categories, masculine and feminine. Drawing on a broad range of historical and linguistic sources, this paper constructs a measure of the proportion of each country's population whose native language is a gender language. At the cross-country level, this paper documents a robust negative relationship between the prevalence of gender languages and women's labor force participation. It also shows that traditional views of gender roles are more common in countries with more native speakers of gender languages. In African countries where indigenous languages vary in terms of their gender structure, educational attainment and female labor force participation are lower among those whose native languages are gender languages. Cross-country and individual-level differences in labor force participation are large in both absolute and relative terms (when women are compared to men), suggesting that the observed patterns are not driven by development or some unobserved aspect of culture that affects men and women equally. Following the procedures proposed by Altonji, Elder, and Taber (2005) and Oster (2017), this paper shows that the observed correlations are unlikely to be driven by unobservables. Using a permutation test based on the structure of the language tree and the distribution of languages across countries, this paper demonstrates that the results are not driven by spurious correlations within language families. Gender languages appear to reduce women's labor force participation and perpetuate support for unequal treatment of women
    Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe Jakiela, Pamela Gendered Language Washington, D.C : The World Bank, 2018
    Language: English
    Keywords: Graue Literatur
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-8464
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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    UB Potsdam
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Enhancing young children's language acquisition through parent-child book-sharing : a randomized trial in rural Kenya (2019)
    Washington, DC, USA : World Bank Group, Development Economics, Development Research Group
    Details
    UID:
    gbv_1665860944
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 48 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 8733
    Content: Worldwide, 250 million children under five (43 percent) are not meeting their developmental potential because they lack adequate nutrition and cognitive stimulation in early childhood. Several parent support programs have shown significant benefits for children's development, but the programs are often expensive and resource intensive. The objective of this study was to test several variants of a potentially scalable, cost-effective intervention to increase cognitive stimulation by parents and improve emergent literacy skills in children. The intervention was a modified dialogic reading training program that used culturally and linguistically appropriate books adapted for a low-literacy population. The study used a cluster randomized controlled trial with four intervention arms and one control arm in a sample of caregivers (n
    Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe Knauer, Heather Ashley Enhancing Young Children's Language Acquisition through Parent-Child Book-Sharing: A Randomized Trial in Rural Kenya Washington, D.C : The World Bank, 2019
    Language: English
    Keywords: Graue Literatur
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-8733
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Recruitment, effort, and retention effects of performance contracts for civil servants : experimental evidence from Rwandan primary schools (2020)
    [Washington, DC, USA] : World Bank Group, Development Economics, Development Research Group
    Details
    UID:
    gbv_1735740985
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 82 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 9395
    Content: This paper reports on a two-tiered experiment designed to separately identify the selection and effort margins of pay-for-performance (P4P). At the recruitment stage, teacher labor markets were randomly assigned to a 'pay-for-percentile' or fixed-wage contract. Once recruits were placed, an unexpected, incentive-compatible, school-level re-randomization was performed, so that some teachers who applied for a fixed-wage contract ended up being paid by P4P, and vice versa. By the second year of the study, the within-year effort effect of P4P was 0.16 standard deviations of pupil learning, with the total effect rising to 0.20 standard deviations after allowing for selection
    Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe Leaver, Clare Recruitment, Effort, and Retention Effects of Performance Contracts for Civil Servants: Experimental Evidence from Rwandan Primary Schools Washington, D.C : The World Bank, 2020
    Language: English
    Keywords: Graue Literatur
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-9395
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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