UID:
almafu_9959243180202883
Format:
xii, 374 p.
Edition:
1st ed.
ISBN:
1-282-15539-3
,
9786612155390
,
90-272-9327-9
Series Statement:
Studies in language companion series, v. 81
Content:
This volume is part of a research program which started with the publication, in 1972, of Anna Wierzbicka's groundbreaking work on Semantic Primitives. The first within the program to focus on a number of typologically similar languages, it proposes a French, Spanish, Portuguese and Italian version of the Natural Semantic Metalanguage (NSM) elaborated over the years by Wierzbicka and colleagues. Repetition is avoided through teamwork: a number of authors working on the languages under examination have had equal input in a set of five papers dealing with distinct parts of the metalanguage. Some of the findings presented here invite us to have a fresh look at what has already been achieved, and to amend some of the working hypotheses of the NSM approach accordingly. The volume also contains six case studies (on Italian sfogarsi, Portuguese saudades, Spanish crisis, French certes, Spanish expressions of sincerity and Italian and Spanish diminutives, respectively).
Note:
Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph
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Semantic Primes and Universal Grammar -- Editorial page -- Title page -- LCC data -- Table of contents -- Acknowledgements -- List of contributors -- List of abbreviations -- Typographical conventions and symbols -- Preface -- References -- Scope and contents of this volume -- References -- The Natural Semantic Metalanguage (NSM) approach -- 1.1. Basic principles -- 1.2. The growth of the NSM lexicon -- 1.3. Allolexy and portmanteaus -- 1.4. Polysemy -- 1.5. NSM syntax -- 1.6. Valency options -- 1.7. Concluding remarks -- Notes -- References -- Romance versions of the Natural Semantic Metalanguage -- Natural Semantic Metalanguage exponents and universal grammar in Romance -- 2.1. Substantives -- 2.1.1. i and you -- 2.1.2. someone and something -- 2.1.3. people -- 2.1.4. body -- 2.2. Determiners -- 2.2.1. this -- 2.2.2. same -- 2.2.3. other -- 2.3. Quantifiers -- 2.3.1. one and two -- 2.3.2. some -- 2.3.3. much / many -- 2.3.4. all -- 2.4. Summary of exponents (without allolexes) -- References -- NSM exponents and universal grammar in Romance -- 3.1. Evaluators and descriptors -- 3.1.1. good and bad -- 3.1.2. big and small -- 3.1.3. Placement rules for evaluators and descriptors in Romance NSMs -- 3.2. Mental predicates -- 3.2.1. know -- 3.2.2. think -- 3.2.3. want -- 3.2.4. feel -- 3.2.5. hear and see -- 3.3. Summary of exponents (without allolexes) -- References -- NSM exponents and universal grammar in Romance -- 4.1. Speech -- 4.1.1. say -- 4.1.2. words -- 4.1.3. true -- 4.2. Actions, events and movement -- 4.2.1. do -- 4.2.2. happen -- 4.2.3. move -- 4.3. Existence and possession -- 4.3.1. there is -- 4.3.2. have -- 4.4. Life and death -- 4.4.1. live -- 4.4.2. die -- 4.5. Summary of exponents (without allolexes) -- Acknowledgments -- References -- NSM exponents and universal grammar in Romance -- 5.1. Time -- 5.1.1. when (time).
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5.1.2. now -- 5.1.3. before and after -- 5.1.4. a long time and a short time -- 5.1.5. for some time -- 5.1.6. in one moment -- 5.2. Space -- 5.2.1. where (place) -- 5.2.2. here -- 5.2.3. above and below -- 5.2.4. far and near -- 5.2.5. side -- 5.2.6. inside -- 5.2.7. touch -- 5.3. Summary of exponents (without allolexes) -- Acknowledgments -- References -- NSM exponents and universal grammar in Romance -- 6.1. Logical concepts -- 6.1.1. not -- 6.1.2. can -- 6.1.3. maybe -- 6.1.4. because of -- 6.1.5. if -- 6.2. Intensifier and augmentor -- 6.2.1. very -- 6.2.2. more -- 6.3. Taxonomy and partonomy -- 6.3.1. kind of -- 6.3.2. part -- 6.4. Similarity -- 6.4.1. like -- 6.5. Summary of exponents (without allolexes) -- Acknowledgments -- References -- The Natural Semantic Metalanguage applied -- Sfogarsi -- 7.1. Introduction -- 7.2. Sfogare and its closest English counterpart to vent -- 7.3. Sfogarsi -- 7.3.1. A dictionary definition and some examples -- 7.3.2. Explicating sfogarsi -- 7.4. Some cultural values reflected in Italian communication -- 7.5. Concluding remarks -- Notes -- References -- Portuguese saudade and other emotions of absence and longing -- 8.1. Introduction -- 8.2. Key features of saudade -- 8.2.1. Saudade as emotional affliction -- 8.2.2. Saudade vs. saudades -- 8.2.3. What stimulates saudade -- 8.2.4. Where saudade is felt -- 8.2.5. Saudade as an edifying emotion -- 8.3. NSM and saudade / nostalgia / falta -- 8.4. The culture-specific nature of saudade -- Acknowledgments -- Notes -- References -- The development of a key word -- 9.1. Introduction -- 9.2. Synchronic evidence for crisis as a key word -- 9.2.1. The ``common word'' criterion -- 9.2.2. The ``semantic domain'' criterion -- 9.2.3. The ``phraseological cluster'' criterion -- 9.3. Diachronic evidence for the emergence of crisis as a key word.
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9.3.1. Crisis as medical judgment -- 9.3.2. Crisis as medical situation -- 9.3.3. Crisis as a negative situation -- 9.3.4. The crisis worsens -- 9.3.5. The crisis life-style of the 20th century -- 9.4. Dynamism as evidence of semantic change -- Notes -- References -- The French connector certes -- 10.1. Introduction -- 10.2. The affirmative certes -- 10.2.1. Dialogal certes -- 10.2.2. Monologal certes -- 10.3. The concessive certes in binary structures: Certes… mais -- 10.3.1. Summary of features -- 10.3.2. Formal features -- 10.3.3. Semantic features -- 10.3.4. Pragmatic features -- 10.3.5. Discursive structure: Thematic coherence -- 10.4. An NSM explication of the certes… mais sequence -- 10.5. Concluding remarks -- Acknowledgments -- Notes -- References -- Francamente, el rojo te sienta fatal -- 11.1. Introduction -- 11.2. The modalizing expressions of sinceridad -- 11.3. Sincerity, cooperation and communicative strategy -- 11.4. Semantics and pragmatics of speech modalizers of ``frankness'', ``honesty'' and ``sincerity'' -- 11.4.1. Hablar sinceramente -- 11.4.2. Hablar honestamente -- 11.4.3. Hablar francamente -- 11.4.4. Sinceridad, honestidad, franqueza and socially approved behavior -- 11.5. Concluding remarks -- Acknowledgments -- Notes -- References -- Towards a description of Spanish and Italian diminutives within the NSM framework -- 12.1. Introduction -- 12.2. Formal aspects of Spanish and Italian diminutive formation -- 12.2.1. Formal aspects of Spanish diminutive formation -- 12.2.2. Formal aspects of Italian diminutive formation -- 12.3. Analysis -- 12.3.1. Diminutive functions -- 12.3.2. The COM function -- 12.3.3. The DIM function -- 12.3.4. The END function -- 12.3.5. The EUPH function -- 12.3.6. The HUM function -- 12.3.7. The INS function -- 12.3.8. The INT function -- 12.3.9. The IRON function -- 12.3.10. The PEJ function.
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12.3.11. The POC function -- 12.3.12. Discussion -- 12.4. An NSM account of the functions of Spanish and Italian diminutives -- 12.4.1. Preliminary remarks: Directionality -- 12.4.2. NSM explications14 -- 12.5. Theoretical issues -- 12.5.1. Diminutives: Lexicalization, grammaticalization or conventionalization? -- 12.5.2. Diminutive formation, reduplication and absolute superlatives -- 12.6. Concluding remarks -- Notes -- References -- Index of primes (by language) -- Index of primes and allolexes (alphabetical) -- Index of concepts -- Index of names -- The series Studies in Language Companion Series.
,
English
Additional Edition:
ISBN 90-272-3091-9
Language:
English
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