UID:
edoccha_9960074334902883
Format:
1 online resource (724 pages)
ISBN:
0-12-819950-4
,
0-12-819949-0
Note:
Intro -- Pituitary Tumors: A Comprehensive and Interdisciplinary Approach -- Copyright -- Contents -- Contributors -- About the editors -- Foreword -- Preface -- Section I: Preclinical essentials -- Chapter 1: Physiology of pituitary hormones -- Introduction -- Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis -- Corticotropin-releasing hormone -- Proopiomelanocortin -- Adrenocorticotropic hormone -- Alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone -- Gonadotropic axis -- Gonadotropin-releasing hormone -- Glycoprotein hormones -- Gonadotropins -- Luteinizing hormone -- Follicle-stimulating hormone -- Somatotropic axis -- Growth hormone-releasing hormone -- Ghrelin -- Somatostatin -- Growth hormone -- Insulin-like growth factors -- Thyrotropic axis -- Thyrotropin-releasing hormone -- Thyroid-stimulating hormone -- Lactotropic axis -- Prolactin -- Dopamine -- Hormones of the posterior pituitary -- Antidiuretic hormone -- Oxytocin -- Key points -- References -- Chapter 2: Principles of laboratory investigation for pituitary hormones -- Preanalytical aspects -- Patient-related factors -- Technical factors related to sampling -- Analytical aspects -- Analytical techniques (immunoassays and mass spectrometry) -- Standardization and harmonization of hormone measurements -- Quality control for hormone measurements -- Pitfalls -- Cross-reactions -- Interference by antibodies present in a sample -- Human antianimal antibodies -- Heterophilic antibodies -- Interference from biotin -- High-dose hook effect -- Complex formation -- Postanalytical aspects (interpretation) -- Reference intervals -- Confounders -- Key points -- References -- Chapter 3: Pathophysiology and genetics in pituitary tumors -- Introduction -- Pathophysiology -- Hypothalamic regulation -- Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) -- Corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) -- Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH).
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Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) -- Dopamine -- Somatostatin -- Peripheral negative feedback -- Glucocorticoids (GC) -- Thyroid hormones -- Sex hormones -- Genetics of pituitary tumorigenesis -- Pituitary tumors in syndromes -- McCune-Albright -- Carney complex -- MEN1 -- MEN2 -- MEN4 -- 3PAs syndrome -- Familial-isolated pituitary adenomas (FIPA)-AIP -- X-linked acrogigantism (X-LAG) -- Other syndromes -- Sporadic pituitary tumors -- GNAS -- TP53 -- USP8 -- USP48 -- Other -- Conclusion -- Key points -- References -- Chapter 4: Pathophysiology and genetics in craniopharyngioma -- Introduction -- Genetic alterations in craniopharyngioma -- CTNNB1 mutations in ACP -- p.BRAF-V600E mutations in PCP -- Other genetic and epigenetic aberrations in craniopharyngioma -- Preclinical models of craniopharyngioma -- Genetically engineered mouse models of ACP -- Patient-derived xenografts -- Cell culture models -- Models of PCP -- Role of the clusters in ACP -- Senescence -- The molecular relationship between ACP and the developing tooth -- Developmental pathways activated in craniopharyngioma -- The MAPK pathway -- The sonic hedgehog pathway -- The TGFβ and BMP pathways -- The Hippo pathway -- Expression of inflammatory factors in ACP -- Angiogenesis -- Tumor recurrence -- Summary and future directions -- Key points -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 5: Anatomy of the pituitary region -- Introduction -- Nasal cavities -- Paranasal sinuses -- Frontal sinus -- Maxillary sinus -- Ethmoidal air cells -- Sphenoid sinus -- Skull base -- Sphenoid bone -- Hypothalamus -- Pituitary gland -- Microanatomy of the pituitary gland -- Diaphragma sellae -- Cavernous sinus -- Internal carotid artery and its branches -- Skull base segment of the internal carotid artery -- Cavernous segment of the internal carotid artery.
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Supracavernous segment of the internal carotid artery -- Cisternal segment -- Cranial nerves I-VI -- Olfactory nerve (CN I) -- Optic nerve (CN II) -- Oculomotor nerve (CN III) -- Trochlear nerve (CN IV) -- Trigeminal nerve (CN V) -- Abducens nerve (CN VI) -- Key points -- References -- Section II: Neuroradiological and ophthalmological diagnosis in pituitary tumors -- Chapter 6: Morphological imaging including imaging anatomy -- Introduction -- Magnetic resonance imaging -- Technical background -- MR sequences -- Imaging anatomy of the sellar region -- Sagittal view -- Coronal view -- Dynamic series -- Interpretation of cyst content on MRI -- MR imaging of adenoma -- MR imaging of microadenomas -- MR imaging of macroadenomas -- Computed tomography (CT) -- Imaging technique -- Digital subtraction angiography -- Arterial examination -- Inferior petrosal sinus sampling (IPSS) -- Key points -- References -- Chapter 7: Functional imaging -- Introduction -- Somatotroph adenomas -- Corticotroph adenomas -- Lactotroph adenomas -- Gonadotroph/nonfunctioning adenomas -- Thyrotroph adenomas -- Nonadenomatous pituitary lesions -- Conclusions -- Key points -- References -- Chapter 8: Neuroophthalmological diagnosis -- Introduction -- Neuroophthalmological examination techniques -- History -- Neuroophthalmological routine examination -- Macroscopic inspection and Brückner test -- Pupil examination and swinging flashlight test -- Ocular motility testing -- Visual acuity testing -- Visual field testing -- Confrontation perimetry -- Kinetic perimetry -- Static automated perimetry -- Morphological studies -- Ophthalmoscopy -- Optic coherence tomography (OCT) -- Electrophysiological studies -- Typical neuroophthalmological signs of pituitary tumors -- Visual field loss -- Visual acuity loss -- Ocular motility disorders -- Vertical nystagmus.
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Neuroophthalmological symptoms of chiasmal visual loss -- Key points -- References -- Section III: Endocrinological diagnosis and replacement therapy for hypopituitarism and diabetes insipidus in pituitary t ... -- Chapter 9: Endocrinological diagnosis and replacement therapy for hypopituitarism -- Introduction -- Historical prospective -- Clinical symptoms and signs -- The patients with hypopituitarism -- Acute onset -- Insidious onset -- Epidemiology -- Etiology of hypopituitarism -- Endocrine evaluation and replacement therapies -- ACTH deficiency -- Diagnosis -- Hormonal replacement therapy -- Adrenal crisis -- TSH deficiency -- Diagnosis -- Management -- Gonadotropin deficiency and fertility -- Diagnosis -- Management -- Fertility -- GH deficiency -- Diagnosis -- Management -- Hormone-hormone interaction -- Limitation with current replacement strategy -- Hypopituitarism during pregnancy -- Summary -- Key points -- References -- Chapter 10: Endocrinological diagnosis and replacement therapy for diabetes insipidus -- Prevalence and definition of the polyuria polydipsia syndrome -- Causes of central diabetes insipidus -- Acquired central diabetes insipidus -- Hereditary central diabetes insipidus -- Idiopathic central diabetes insipidus -- Osmorecptor dyfunction or adipsic diabetes insipidus -- Diagnosis -- Clinical manifestations -- Radiological findings -- Differential diagnosis -- The indirect water deprivation test -- The direct test with AVP measurement -- The direct test with Copeptin measurement -- Replacement therapy -- Correction of body water deficits -- Specific replacement therapy -- Specific therapy in adipsic diabetes insipidus -- Quality of life with appropriate therapy -- Key points -- References -- Chapter 11: The role of nurses in supporting self-management for patients with hypopituitarism -- Introduction.
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Hormone replacement therapy in hypopituitarism -- Polypharmacy in hypopituitarism and the need for self-management -- The remit of nurses in the care of patients with hypopituitarism -- The nursing process framework in supporting patient self-management -- Assessment and nursing diagnosis -- Planning -- Implementation -- Evaluation -- Improving adherence to pituitary replacement therapy -- Understanding factors that influence adherence to medication -- Nonadherence to medication in patients with hypopituitarism -- Strategies to improve adherence to pituitary replacement therapy -- Patient education approaches in supporting self-management -- Education approaches for patients with adrenal insufficiency -- Conclusion -- Key points -- References -- Section IV: Endocrinological diagnosis and medical treatment in functioning pituitary adenomas -- Chapter 12: Prolactinomas: Diagnosis and medical treatment -- Introduction -- Epidemiology -- Clinical presentation -- Diagnosis -- Other etiologies of hyperprolactinemia -- Medical treatment -- Resistant prolactinomas -- Adverse effects of dopamine agonists -- Children and adolescents -- Giant prolactinomas -- Cystic prolactinomas -- Pasireotide -- Temozolomide -- Conclusions -- Key points -- References -- Chapter 13: Endocrinological diagnosis in acromegaly -- Physiology of the hypothalamic-pituitary-somatotropic axis -- Regulation of GH secretion -- Secretion pattern -- Influencing factors -- Epidemiology -- Incidence and prevalence -- Mortality -- Etiology -- Pituitary adenoma -- Genetic causes -- Familial isolated pituitary adenoma (FIPA) -- X-linked acrogigantism (X-LAG) -- Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 and 4 (MEN-1 and MEN-4) -- Carney complex (CNC) -- Familial paraganglioma/pheochromocytoma syndrome -- McCune-Albright syndrome (MCA) -- Other causes -- Signs and symptoms -- Tumor compression symptoms.
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Afflictions of the skeletal system and soft tissue.
Language:
English
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