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  • 1
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C. :The World Bank,
    UID:
    almafu_9960786900002883
    Umfang: 1 online resource (45 pages)
    Serie: Policy research working papers.
    Inhalt: Using Integrated Public Use Microdata Series-United States micro-census data from 1960 to 2010, this paper examines whether racial and Gender income disparities beget inequality by differentially impacting the growth prospects of the poor, the middle class, and the rich. Racial and Gender inequality is found to be bad for income growth of the poor, but not for that of the rich. An investigation into the channels of this effect suggests that higher racial and Gender inequality is associated with lower human capital accumulation among the poor and a reduction in the quality of their jobs.
    Sprache: Englisch
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 2
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Bingley, U.K. :Emerald,
    UID:
    almahu_9949069064802882
    Umfang: 1 online resource (xi, 246 p.) : , ill.
    ISBN: 9781780520353 (electronic bk.) :
    Serie: Research on economic inequality, v. 19
    Inhalt: Research on Economic Inequality, Volume 19, Inequality of Opportunity contains eight papers, both theoretical and applied, on the concept of equality of opportunity which says that a society should guarantee its members equal access to advantage regardless of their circumstances, while holding them responsible for turning that access into actual advantage by the application of effort. Theoretical papers discuss to what extent some of the measures of inequality of opportunity meet the reward and the compensation principles, a new methodology for evaluating long-term income distributions according to the equality of opportunity principle, the implications of partial observability of individuals circumstances on the measurement of inequality of opportunity and the advantages of applying segregation indices to study inequality in life chances when the variable is ordinal. The applied work includes studies that investigate how governments affect inequality of opportunity through the design of their tax and transfer schemes in 15 European countries, the changing role of circumstances for measuring inequality of opportunity in Chile, the existence of a poverty trap in Haiti and its consequences for equality of opportunity, and the importance of the correlation between circumstances and effort in the measurement of inequality of opportunity in U.S. during the period 1969-2007.
    Anmerkung: ch. 1. Compensation, reward, and the measurement of unfair inequalities / Paolo Brunori, Vito Peragine -- ch. 2. The implication of partial observability of circumstances on the measurement of IOp / Patrizia Luongo -- ch. 3. Mobility and long-term equality of opportunity / Flaviana Palmisano -- ch. 4. Measuring inequality in life chances with ordinal variables / Jacques Silber, Gaston Yalonetzky -- ch. 5. Equality of opportunity and redistribution in Europe / Lina Dunnzlaff, Dirk Neumann, Judith Niehues, Andreas Peichl -- ch. 6. Measuring circumstances : Francs or Ranks, does it matter? / Arnaud Lefranc, Nicolas Pistolesi, Alain Trannoy -- ch. 7. Changes over time in parental education and inequality of opportunities in Chile / Andrea Báez-Montenegro, Juan Prieto-Rodríguez, Rafael Salas -- ch. 8. Vulnerability to poverty : a microeconometric approach and application to the Republic of Haiti / Evans Jadotte -- ch. 9. Inequality of opportunity in the United States : trends and decomposition / Gustavo A. Marrero, Juan G. Rodríguez.
    Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 9781780520346
    Sprache: Englisch
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 3
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Bingley, U.K. :Emerald,
    UID:
    almahu_9949068924102882
    Umfang: 1 online resource (xvii, 501 p.)
    ISBN: 9781783505562 (electronic bk.) :
    Serie: Research on economic inequality, v. 22
    Inhalt: Research on economic inequality, volume 22 begins with papers of widespread interest on the impact of the Great Recession. The first paper addresses the impact of asset meltdown on the wealth of the US middle class, with disparate racial and ethnic impacts. The second studies poverty and inequality in the US in the aftermath of the Great Recession.The next topic is on the evolution of poverty and inequality in the world. One paper proposes a new methodology to measure global poverty and inequality, while the second analyzes the importance of considering not only the desperately poor but also those just above the subsistence level. Great interest for inequality researchers lies on the use of wealth data. Two approaches to this issue are presented. Firstly, several papers study wealth inequality directly. Secondly, a paper uses annuitized wealth data to augment the income measure of economic well-being. An emerging field in the study of economic well-being is the use of self-reported status and perceptions data. Three papers employ this type of data, investigating happiness inequality, perception of income inequality, and the existence of a Great Gatsby Curvé for job mobility.
    Anmerkung: The asset price meltdown and household wealth over the great recession in the United States / Edward N. Wolff -- Cross-national differences in wealth portfolios at the intensive margin: is there a role for policy? / Karina Doorley, Eva Sierminska -- The decomposition of well-being dimensions : an application to Germany / Jürgen Faik, Uwe Fachinger -- On the estimation of the global income distribution using a parsimonious approach / Vanesa Jordá, José María Sarabia, Faustino Prieto -- Poverty has declined, but what about the burden of non-extreme poverty? Generalized dominance criteria for convex subsets within the poverty domain / Florent Bresson -- Are mass media and ICTs associated with inequality and poverty? / Sanghamitra Bandyopadhyay -- Socioeconomic inequality in happiness in the / Shiyi Chen, Buhong Zheng -- Cross-country intergenerational status mobility : is there a Great Gatsby curve? / John A. Bishop, Haiyong Liu, Juan Gabriel Rodríguez -- Perception of income inequality : a multidimensional scaling study / Barbara Jancewicz -- Polarization of time and income : a multidimensional analysis for Germany / Joachim Merz, Bettina Scherg -- On the measurement of regional convergence in inequality and welfare / Adelaide P.S. Duarte ... [et al.] -- Regional income convergence in Portugal (1991-2002) / Gertrudes Guerreiro -- Inequality, welfare and order statistics / Encarnación M. Parrado-Gallardo, Elena Bárcena-Martín, Luis J. Imedio-Olmedo -- On the measurement of intermediate inequality : a dominance criterion for a ray-invariant notion / Francisco Azpitarte, Olga Alonso-Villar -- Wage distributions and the accounting period : an assessment of the Shorrocks effect / Carsten Schröder -- Tournaments and superstar models : a mixture of two Pareto distributions / Abdoul Aziz Junior Ndoye, Michel Lubrano -- Determinants of active income inequality for non-wage earners in Cameroon / Simon Alain Song Ntamack.
    Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 9781783505678
    Sprache: Englisch
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 4
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C. :The World Bank,
    UID:
    almafu_9958143911602883
    Umfang: 1 online resource (38 pages)
    Serie: Policy research working papers.
    Inhalt: This paper argues that inequality can be both good and bad for growth, depending on what inequality and whose growth. Unequal societies may be holding back one segment of the population while helping another. Similarly, high levels of income inequality may be due to a variety of different factors; some of these may be good while others may be bad for growth. The paper tests this hypothesis by "unpacking" both inequality and growth. Total inequality is decomposed into inequality of opportunity, due to observed factors that are beyond the individual's control, and residual inequality. Growth is measured at different steps of the income ladder to verify whether low, middle, and top income households fare differently in societies with high (low) levels of inequality. In an application to the United States covering 1960 to 2010, the paper finds that inequality of opportunity is particularly bad for growth of the poor. When inequality of opportunity is controlled for, the importance of total income inequality is dramatically reduced. These results are robust to different measures of inequality of opportunity and econometric methods.
    Sprache: Englisch
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 5
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    United Kingdom ; North America ; Japan ; India ; Malaysia ; China ; Bingley, UK : Emerald Publishing
    UID:
    b3kat_BV047267041
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (x, 210 Seiten) , Diagramme
    Ausgabe: First edition
    ISBN: 9781800430396 , 9781800430419
    Serie: Research on economic inequality volume 28
    Inhalt: Research on Economic Inequality is a well-established publication of quality research. This 28th volume features insightful and original papers from the 8th Society for the Study of Economic Inequality (ECINEQ) meeting. The first paper of this volume illustrates the trajectory of income inequality in wealthy countries over the course of recent decades, while the second carries out a comprehensive assessment of income redistribution through taxes and transfers across OECD countries over the last two decades. The next two papers cover the topic of income mobility, one interpreting the Bartholomew index of mobility in terms of a directional mobility index, and the second providing a framework for the measurement of income mobility over a range of time periods. A fifth paper studies the potential equalization of rising educational attainment. The next paper investigates the effect the number of children within different age groups has on poverty. In the seventh, it is shown that a social planner who seeks to efficiently reduce the aggregate relative deprivation of the population, coincides with the Rawlsian social planner. Finally, the last paper generalizes the Oaxaca-Blinder approach to measure wage discrimination under imperfect information
    Weitere Ausg.: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe ISBN 978-1-80043-040-2
    Sprache: Englisch
    Fachgebiete: Technik , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Einkommensdisparität ; Umverteilung ; Mobilität ; Aufsatzsammlung
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 6
    UID:
    gbv_1903241758
    ISBN: 978-1-80043-039-6
    Inhalt: Studies on wage discrimination assume that independent observers are able to distinguish a priori which workers are suffering from discrimination. However, this may not be a good assumption when anti-discrimination laws mean that severe penalties can be imposed on discriminatory employers or when unobserved heterogeneity is significant. We develop a wage discrimination model in which workers are not classified a priori. It can be thought of as a generalization of the standard empirical framework, whereas the Oaxaca–Blinder model can be thought of as an extreme case. We propose a finite mixture model to explicitly model unobserved heterogeneity in individual characteristics and estimate the probabilities of being a discriminated or a non-discriminated worker. We illustrate this proposal by estimating wage discrimination in Germany and the UK.
    In: Inequality, Redistribution and Mobility, Emerald Publishing Limited, (2020), Seite 187-204, 978-1-80043-039-6
    In: year:2020
    In: pages:187-204
    Sprache: Englisch
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 7
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Bingley, U.K. : Emerald Publishing Limited
    UID:
    b3kat_BV048846559
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (xi, 309 Seiten) , cm
    ISBN: 9781787564572
    Serie: Research on economic inequality volume 26
    Inhalt: Research on Economic Inequality, volume 26, primarily contains papers presented at the 8th Society for the Study of Economic Inequality (ECINEQ) meeting. The papers cover such topics as the effect of inheritance taxation on the "pre-distribution" of income, and tax progressivity under alternative inequality definitions. Other papers address the evolution of wealth inequality (Piketty's "r-g"), the decomposition of the determinants of wage bi-polarization, a multidimensional analysis of food insecurity in Israel, and the "paradox of progress" (educational) in Latin America. Three papers address the intergenerational transmission of inequality, two of which focus on Europe and one which considers a wide variety of countries. The final two papers explore inequality (mis) perceptions and the influence of the political structure on stated inequality preferences
    Anmerkung: Includes index , Prelims -- Chapter 1: Inheritance taxation: redistribution and predistribution -- Chapter 2: a note on progressive taxation and inequality equivalence -- Chapter 3: Income and wealth distributions in a neoclassical growth model with σ 1 -- Chapter 4: Applying the decomposition of the Foster and Wolfson bipolarization index to earnings functions -- Chapter 5: the counting approach to multidimensional food security measurement: the case of Israel -- Chapter 6: The impact of education on income inequality in Latin America between 2000 and 2010 -- Chapter 7: Income inequality and inequality of opportunity in Europe: are they on the rise? -- Chapter 8: Macro-economic determinants of cross-country differences in intergenerational transmission of economic disadvantage in Europe -- Chapter 9: Long-run factors influencing intergenerational perceived job status mobility -- Chapter 10: Misperceptions: an analysis of subjective economic inequality -- Chapter 11: Democracy and equality preferences -- About the editors -- Index
    Weitere Ausg.: Erscheint auch als Druckausgabe ISBN 9781787564589
    Sprache: Englisch
    Schlagwort(e): Soziale Ungleichheit ; Steuer ; Intergenerationentransfer ; Konferenzschrift
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 8
    UID:
    gbv_1922727563
    Inhalt: Conventional wisdom predicts that changes in macroeconomic conditions significantly affect income inequality. In this paper, we hypothesize that the way in which macroeconomic conditions affect inequality depends on how these conditions influence the constituents of total inequality: inequality of opportunity (IO) and inequality of effort (IE). Using the PSID database for the United States (1970–2009), we first decompose total inequality into these components. Then, we specify a dynamic model that relates each inequality component to a set of macroeconomic factors. Apart from real GDP and inflation rates, the most widely used factors in the literature, we also consider outstanding consumer credits and public welfare and health care expenditures. We find that real GDP and outstanding credits have a negative and significant effect upon IO and IE, while inflation has a positive and significant effect only on IE, and welfare expenditures have a negative and significant effect only on IO.
    In: Inequality after the 20th Century: Papers from the Sixth ECINEQ Meeting, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, (2016), Seite 307-330
    In: year:2016
    In: pages:307-330
    Sprache: Englisch
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 9
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    UID:
    gbv_1922727539
    In: Inequality after the 20th Century: Papers from the Sixth ECINEQ Meeting, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, (2016), Seite i-xvi
    In: year:2016
    In: pages:i-xvi
    Sprache: Englisch
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 10
    UID:
    gbv_820393037
    Umfang: 49 S
    Inhalt: A growing polarization of society accompanied with an erosion of the middle class experiences more and more attention at least in the recent German economic and social policy discussion. Our study contributes to the polarization discussion with respect to multidimensional theoretical measurement and empirical application in two ways: First, we propose extended multidimensional polarization indices based on a CES-type well-being function and present a new measure to multidimensional polarization, the mean minimum polarization gap 2DGAP. This polarization intensity measure provides transparency with regard to each singular attributes – important for targeted policies – and ensures at the same time its interdependent relations. Second, the empirical application – in addition to the traditional income measure – incorporates time as a fundamental resource for any activity. In particular, genuine personal leisure time will take care of social participation in the spirit of social inclusion/exclusion and Amartya Sen’s capability approach. Instead of arbitrarily choosing the attributes’ parameters in the CES well-being function the interdependent relations of time and income will be evaluated by German Society. With the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) and detailed time use diary data of the available German Time Use Survey (GTUS) 1991/92 and 2001/02 we quantify available and extended multidimensional polarization measures as well as our new approach for the polarization development of the working poor and the working rich in Germany. Three prominent empirical results appear: Genuine personal leisure time in addition to income is an important polarization attribute. Compensation is of economic and static significance. In particular supported by the new minimum 2DGAP approach, multidimensional polarization increased over that decade in Germany.
    Inhalt: A growing polarization of society accompanied with an erosion of the middle class experiences more and more attention at least in the recent German economic and social policy discussion. Our study contributes to the polarization discussion with respect to multidimensional theoretical measurement and empirical application in two ways: First, we propose extended multidimensional polarization indices based on a CES-type well-being function and present a new measure to multidimensional polarization, the mean minimum polarization gap 2DGAP. This polarization intensity measure provides transparency with regard to each singular attributes – important for targeted policies – and ensures at the same time its interdependent relations. Second, the empirical application – in addition to the traditional income measure – incorporates time as a fundamental resource for any activity. In particular, genuine personal leisure time will take care of social participation in the spirit of social inclusion/exclusion and Amartya Sen’s capability approach. Instead of arbitrarily choosing the attributes’ parameters in the CES well-being function the interdependent relations of time and income will be evaluated by German Society. With the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) and detailed time use diary data of the available German Time Use Survey (GTUS) 1991/92 and 2001/02 we quantify available and extended multidimensional polarization measures as well as our new approach for the polarization development of the working poor and the working rich in Germany. Three prominent empirical results appear: Genuine personal leisure time in addition to income is an important polarization attribute. Compensation is of economic and static significance. In particular supported by the new minimum 2DGAP approach, multidimensional polarization increased over that decade in Germany.
    In: Economic Wellbeing and Inequality: Papers from the Fifth ECINEQ Meeting, (2014), 1, Seite 273-321
    In: year:2014
    In: number:1
    In: pages:273-321
    Sprache: Englisch
    Schlagwort(e): Festschrift
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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