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  • 1
    UID:
    almafu_9958097428002883
    Format: 1 online resource (70 pages)
    Series Statement: Policy research working papers.
    Content: Financial barriers to seeking care are frequently cited as one of the main causes of underutilization of child health care services. This paper estimates the impact of Indonesia's healthcard on health care use by children. Evaluation of the healthcard effect is complicated by the fact that card allocation was non-random. The analysis uses propensity score matching to control for systematic differences between treatment and control groups. A second potential source of bias is related to contemporaneous, exogenous influences on health care use unrelated to the healthcard itself. Using panel data collected prior to and after the introduction of the healthcard, a difference-in-differences estimator is constructed to eliminate the effects of exogenous changes over time. The author finds that although health care use declined for all children during the crisis years of 1997-2000, use of public sector outpatient services declined much less for children with healthcards. The protective effect of the healthcard on public sector use was concentrated among children aged 0-5 years. The healthcard had no significant impact on use of private sector services. The results highlight the need to provide adequate protection against the financial burden of health care costs, particularly during economic crises.
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 2
    UID:
    almafu_9958097427302883
    Format: 1 online resource (68 pages)
    Series Statement: Policy research working papers.
    Content: Controversy exists over whether the estimated effects of schooling on health care use reflect the influence of unobserved factors. Existing estimates may overstate the schooling effect because of the failure to control for unobserved variables or may be downwardly biased due to measurement error. This paper contributes to the resolution of this debate by adopting an instrumental variable approach to estimate the impact of female schooling on maternal health care use. A school construction program in Indonesia in the 1970s is used to construct an instrumental variable for education. The choice between use and non-use of maternal health services is estimated as a function of schooling and other variables. Data from the Indonesia Family Life Survey are used for this paper. Standard regression models estimated in the paper indicate that each additional year of schooling does indeed have a significant, positive effect on maternal health care use. Instrumental variable estimates of the schooling effect are larger. The results suggest that schooling has a positive impact on maternal health care use even after eliminating the effect of unobserved variables and measurement error. This paper moves beyond previous work on the impact of education on health care use by adopting an IV approach to address the problem of endogeneity and measurement error. IV methods have been used widely in the labour economics literature to examine the impact of schooling on wages and other labour market outcomes but rarely to estimate the effect of schooling on health outcomes.
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 3
    UID:
    almahu_9948314839102882
    Format: xxiii, 328 p. : , ill.
    Edition: Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, MI : ProQuest, 2015. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest affiliated libraries.
    Series Statement: Directions in development : Human development
    Note: Includes index. , Why this health financing note -- Background and overview of the East Asia and Pacific Region and the health sectors -- Importance of investing in health and a framework for managing and using funds in the sector -- Mobilization of revenues for health -- Pooling and management of funds -- Resource allocation and purchasing (RAP) -- Connecting financing and delivery of services : institutional and organizational characteristics in EAP countries -- Assessing performance in EAP : efficiency and equity of health financing.
    Language: English
    Keywords: Electronic books.
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 4
    UID:
    almafu_9958246423602883
    Format: 1 online resource (43 pages)
    Series Statement: Policy research working papers.
    Content: Demand-side financing approaches have been introduced in a number of low and middle-income countries, with a particular emphasis on sexual and reproductive health. This paper aims to bring together the global evidence on demand-side financing mechanisms, their impact on the delivery of sexual and reproductive health services, and the conditions under which they have been effective. The paper begins with a discussion of modalities for demand-side financing. It then examines 13 existing schemes, including cash incentives, vouchers, and longer term social protection policies. Based on the available literature, it collates evidence of their impact on utilization of services, access for the poor, financial protection, quality of care, and health outcomes. Evidence on costs and cost-effectiveness are examined, along with analysis of funding and sustainability of policies. Finally, the paper discusses the preconditions for effectiveness of demand-side financing schemes and the strengths and weaknesses of different approaches. It also highlights the extent to which results for sexual and reproductive health services are likely to be generalizable to other types of health care. It is clear that some of these policies can produce impressive results, if the preconditions for effectiveness outlined are met. However, relatively few demand-side financing schemes have benefited from robust evaluation. Investigation of the impact on financial protection, equity, and health outcomes has been limited. Most importantly, cost effectiveness and the relative cost effectiveness of demand-side financing in relation to other strategies for achieving similar goals have not been assessed.
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 5
    UID:
    b3kat_BV048271538
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Content: Over the past two decades ...
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 6
    UID:
    b3kat_BV048272988
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Content: The objective of this report is to provide guidance on the design and implementation of service delivery models that promote integration of care. Specifically, the report seeks to (i) systematically review the main reform levers of integrated care; (ii) identify processes needed to create an enabling environment for the implementation of integrated care; and (iii) provide guidance on sequencing the different levers and support strategies. This report builds on the findings of recent work that systematically analyzes well-functioning integrated programs in the European Union, North America, and elsewhere, as well as five case studies in Croatia and Poland that were carried out as part of this report
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 7
    UID:
    b3kat_BV048264174
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource
    ISBN: 9781464802614
    Series Statement: Directions in development
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Moving towards universal coverage? : assessing the way forwardMaster plan goal (1) : increasing enrollment rates -- Master plan goal (2) : improving financial protection and equity -- Estimating the cost of moving towards universal coverage -- Mobilizing resources for universal coverage : the macro-fiscal context -- Reducing fragmentation in the pooling of funds -- Strengthening resource allocation and purchasing -- Strengthening the organization, management, and governance of SHI -- An implementation road map for moving towards UC in Vietnam
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 8
    UID:
    b3kat_BV049073996
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (68 Seiten))
    Edition: Online-Ausg
    Content: Controversy exists over whether the estimated effects of schooling on health care use reflect the influence of unobserved factors. Existing estimates may overstate the schooling effect because of the failure to control for unobserved variables or may be downwardly biased due to measurement error. This paper contributes to the resolution of this debate by adopting an instrumental variable approach to estimate the impact of female schooling on maternal health care use. A school construction program in Indonesia in the 1970s is used to construct an instrumental variable for education. The choice between use and non-use of maternal health services is estimated as a function of schooling and other variables. Data from the Indonesia Family Life Survey are used for this paper. Standard regression models estimated in the paper indicate that each additional year of schooling does indeed have a significant, positive effect on maternal health care use. Instrumental variable estimates of the schooling effect are larger. The results suggest that schooling has a positive impact on maternal health care use even after eliminating the effect of unobserved variables and measurement error. This paper moves beyond previous work on the impact of education on health care use by adopting an IV approach to address the problem of endogeneity and measurement error. IV methods have been used widely in the labour economics literature to examine the impact of schooling on wages and other labour market outcomes but rarely to estimate the effect of schooling on health outcomes
    Additional Edition: Somanathan, Aparnaa Use of Modern Medical Care For Pregnancy And Childbirth Care
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 9
    UID:
    almafu_9958060380802883
    Format: 1 online resource (pages cm)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 1-4648-0262-9
    Series Statement: Directions in development.
    Content: Over the past two decades Vietnam has made enormous progress towards achieving universal coverage (UC) for its population. Significant challenges remain, however, in terms of improving equity with continuing low rates of enrollment. Ensuring financial protection also remains an elusive goal. The Master Plan for Universal Coverage approved in 2012 by the Prime Minister directly addresses both these deficiencies in coverage. The objective of this report is to assess the implementation of Vietnam SHI and provide options for moving towards UC. This is a joint assessment with development partners,
    Note: Description based upon print version of record. , Front Cover; Contents; Foreword; Acknowledgments; Abbreviations; Overview; Table O.1 Legislative and Regulatory Measures; Tables; Table O.2 Health Systems Strengthening Measures; Table O.3 Data and Information Gaps to Be Addressed; Chapter 1 Moving toward Universal Coverage? Assessing the Way Forward; Major Achievements and Shortcomings on the Path to Universal Coverage; Figure 1.1 Evolution of Social Health Insurance in Vietnam (1989-2020); Figures; Figure 1.2 Health Expenditure Trends and Composition (2000-11); Figure 1.3 Sources of Financing for SHI Revenues , Figure 1.4 Physicians and Nurses to Population Ratios by Geographical Region (2002-11)Figure 1.5 Distribution of Health Professionals at the Commune Level; Figure 1.6 Share of Population Aged 65+ in Selected Countries (1950-2070); Government of Vietnam's Agenda for Moving toward Universal Coverage; A Guide to This Report; Table 1.1 Road Map for Health Insurance Law Revision; Figure 1.7 Functions of Health Financing; Methodology and Consultation Process; Notes; Table 1.2 Components of the Review; References; Chapter 2 Master Plan Goal 1: Increasing Enrollment Rates , Understanding Where the Gaps in Coverage AreFigure 2.1 Enrollment Rates as a Share of the Population; Figure 2.2 Health Insurance Coverage by Economic Decile (2010); Boxes; Box 2.1 Survey of the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behavior of Parents Related to the Use of SHI for Children Under Six Years of Age in Vietnam; Global Experiences with Increasing Enrollment Rates and Coverage; Figure 2.3 Informal Employment and GDP Per Capita in 41 Countries; Box 2.2 The Role of General Revenues in Subsidizing Enrollment: The Global Experience , Box 2.3 Challenges of Voluntary, Contributory-Based Enrollment in the Philippines and ThailandBox 2.4 Evidence That Tax Financing for the Informal Sector Increases Informality; Box 2.5 Experience with Family-Based Enrollment from the EAP Region; Box 2.6 The Role of Information, Education, and Communication in Expanding Coverage; Recommendations; Table 2.1 Simulations of the Incremental Costs of Covering All Eligible Families; Notes; References; Chapter 3 Master Plan Goal 2: Improving Financial Protection and Equity , Implications of High Out-of-Pocket Payments for Financial Protection and EquityFigure 3.1 OOP Share of Total Health Spending and SHI Coverage in Vietnam (1995-2011); Figure 3.2 OOP Share of Spending in Vietnam and Other EAP Countries (2011); Figure 3.3 Total OOP Spending by Economic Decile (2010); Figure 3.4 Share of Poor Households Experiencing Catastrophic and Impoverishing OOPs; Table 3.1 Poorest and Richest Quintile Shares (Percent) of Total Utilization (2006-10) , Table 3.2 Distribution (Percent) of Last Health Facility Used by Poverty Status, Ethnicity, and Health Insurance Coverage (2009)
    Additional Edition: ISBN 1-4648-0261-0
    Language: English
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  • 10
    UID:
    edocfu_9958097427302883
    Format: 1 online resource (68 pages)
    Series Statement: Policy research working papers.
    Content: Controversy exists over whether the estimated effects of schooling on health care use reflect the influence of unobserved factors. Existing estimates may overstate the schooling effect because of the failure to control for unobserved variables or may be downwardly biased due to measurement error. This paper contributes to the resolution of this debate by adopting an instrumental variable approach to estimate the impact of female schooling on maternal health care use. A school construction program in Indonesia in the 1970s is used to construct an instrumental variable for education. The choice between use and non-use of maternal health services is estimated as a function of schooling and other variables. Data from the Indonesia Family Life Survey are used for this paper. Standard regression models estimated in the paper indicate that each additional year of schooling does indeed have a significant, positive effect on maternal health care use. Instrumental variable estimates of the schooling effect are larger. The results suggest that schooling has a positive impact on maternal health care use even after eliminating the effect of unobserved variables and measurement error. This paper moves beyond previous work on the impact of education on health care use by adopting an IV approach to address the problem of endogeneity and measurement error. IV methods have been used widely in the labour economics literature to examine the impact of schooling on wages and other labour market outcomes but rarely to estimate the effect of schooling on health outcomes.
    Language: English
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