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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, DC :International Monetary Fund,
    UID:
    almafu_9958059015202883
    Format: 1 online resource (22 p.)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 1-4755-1693-2 , 1-4755-5826-0
    Series Statement: IMF working paper ; 12/208
    Content: The paper considers the determinants of exchange rate movements among sub-Saharan countries that have flexible exchange rate regimes. The determinants are based on the law of one price and interest parity conditions. Results indicate that the exchange rates have responded significantly to changes in the US Treasury bill rate and to the EMBI spread in recent years. The effects are more important for countries with open capital accounts. On the other hand the paper does not provide any support for the interest rate parity theory because domestic interest rates have no bearing on exchange rate movements.
    Note: Description based upon print version of record. , Cover; Abstract; Contents; I. Introduction; II. Empirical Model and Data Description; A. Model; B. Data Description; Tables; 1. Measures of Capital Account Openness; III. Regression Analysis; A. Stationarity Tests; Figures; 1. Interest Rates (in percent) and the Nominal Exchange Rate (2007=100); 2. Augmented Dickey-Fuller Test Statistics; 3. South Africa: Johansen Cointegration Trace Test Statistics and Cointegrating Vector; 4. Pedroni Residual Test Statistics for Panel Data Estimation; Regression Analysis; 5. Determinants of the Change in the Bilateral Exchange Rate Against U.S. dollar , 6. Determinants of the Change in the Nominal Effective Exchange Rate IV. Robustness and Diagnostic Checks; A. Robustness; 7. Determinants of Bilateral U.S. Dollar Exchange Rate Change-Robustness Checks; B. Diagnostic Checks; 8. Out of sample Forecasts: One Month Ahead; V. Conclusion; References , English
    Additional Edition: ISBN 1-4755-8647-7
    Additional Edition: ISBN 1-4755-0558-2
    Language: English
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C.] :International Monetary Fund, Policy Development and Review Dept.,
    UID:
    edocfu_9958126547102883
    Format: 1 online resource (20 p.)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 1-4623-3264-1 , 1-4527-2794-5 , 1-283-51330-7 , 9786613825759 , 1-4519-8814-1
    Series Statement: IMF working paper ; WP/06/180
    Content: This paper evaluates whether debt relief and grants can boost social expenditures in lowincome countries. It finds that declines in debt-service help raise social expenditures, but no relationship between grants and social expenditures. Moreover, since the mid-1980s, lowincome countries have managed to fully insulate social expenditures from the effects of budgetary tightening. The magnitude of the impact of these effects on social expenditures, however, is dwarfed by the resources needed to enable these countries to reach the Millennium Development Goals.
    Note: "July 2006". , ""Contents""; ""I. INTRODUCTION""; ""II. DATA SAMPLE""; ""III. ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS""; ""IV. LIKELIHOOD OF ACHIEVING THE MDG TARGETS""; ""V. CONCLUSION""; ""References"" , English
    Additional Edition: ISBN 1-4518-6440-X
    Language: English
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  • 3
    UID:
    edoccha_9958120557502883
    Format: 1 online resource (28 p.)
    ISBN: 1-4623-0226-2 , 1-4552-8082-8 , 1-282-84658-2 , 9786612846588 , 1-4552-0220-7
    Series Statement: IMF working paper ; WP/10/186
    Content: Global oil markets were roiled by sharp price swings in 2008, and economists are still divided over the reasons for the unusual volatility. Those emphasizing fundamentals point to inelastic supply and demand curves, others view the phenomenon mostly as a result of financial investors flocking into commodity markets. This paper attempts to infer the strength of these competing hypotheses, using a simultaneous equation model that enables us to undertake a separate analysis of supply and demand factors. The model broadly captures both the surge and subsequent fall in prices, with a particularly strong impact of demand factors. The model captures a strong effect of a measure for global liquidity but does not find support for a speculative motive.
    Note: "August 2010." , At head of title: Strategy, Policy, and Review Department. , Cover Page; Title Page; Copyright Page; Contents; I. Introduction; 1. Commodity Investments; II. Modeling Oil Prices; 2. Oil Prices: Role of Fundamentals and Speculation; 3. Oil Prices: Forecasts; 4. Oil Prices: Demand and Supply Determinants; III. A Multivariate Model; 1. Stationarity Tests; 2. Regression Estimates: Reduced Form; IV. Estimating a Supply-Demand Model; 3. Regression Estimates: Demand and Supply Determinants; V. Conclusion; References; Footnotes
    Language: English
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, District of Columbia] :International Monetary Fund,
    UID:
    edocfu_9958098559102883
    Format: 1 online resource (26 p.)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 1-4623-9817-0 , 1-4527-3798-3 , 1-4518-7056-6 , 9786612841491 , 1-282-84149-1
    Series Statement: IMF working paper ;
    Content: This paper introduces a methodology for assessing external balance in countries with large stocks of non-renewable resources based on oil stock data, and applies it to selected oil producing countries. The methodology uses a stock approach (instead of the more traditional flow approach) to estimate the equilibrium non-oil current account consistent with optimal consumption smoothing. One of the benefits of the stock approach is that geological data for oil reserves can be used to estimate oil wealth; however, the methodology makes the estimated non-oil current account norm very sensitive to oil price projections. Based on an oil price about US$70 per barrel prevailing in the summer of 2007, the baseline estimates indicate that the non-oil current accounts for most of the countries in the sample are broadly in equilibrium. By the same token, using oil price projections as of the summer of 2008 implies large disparities between the equilibrium non-oil current account position and the medium term forecast for all countries in the sample except for Malaysia.
    Note: Description based upon print version of record. , Contents; I. Introduction; II. Basic Structure of Alternative Methodology; Existing analysis; III. Model; A. General Model; B. Model Application to Oil Based Economy; IV. Estimation; V. Sensitivity Tests of the Annual Return on Oil Wealth; VI. Equilibrium Non-oil Current Account Assessment; A. Historical Accuracy of the Consumption Smoothing Model; B. Country Estimates of Non-oil Current Account; VII. Conclusions; References , English
    Additional Edition: ISBN 1-4519-1509-8
    Language: English
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C.] :International Monetary Fund,
    UID:
    edocfu_9958108003002883
    Format: 1 online resource (26 p.)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 1-4623-5383-5 , 1-4527-0372-8 , 1-283-51583-0 , 1-4519-0926-8 , 9786613828286
    Series Statement: IMF working paper ; WP/06/213
    Content: Prior actions are measures that need to be implemented prior to Board approval of an IMFsupported program. This paper examines whether such prior actions can signal a willingness to implement reforms, especially when the member's track record is weak. We find some support for this signaling role, particularly for programs supported by the General Resources Account (GRA). Controlling for the member's previous track record, prior actions are associated with greater compliance with other structural conditions, suggesting their possible use as a screening device. Moreover, prior actions set at program approval serve as a useful screening device and strengthen the macroeconomic targets set out in the IMF-supported program. The results also reveal a demonstrable screening effect on growth over the medium term, since the growth impact of the ratio of prior actions at the outset versus the rest of the program is significantly positive while the total number of prior actions is not statistically significant.
    Note: "September 2006." , ""Contents""; ""I. INTRODUCTION""; ""II. THE LITERATURE""; ""III. STYLIZED FACTS OF IMF-SUPPORTED PROGRAMS""; ""IV. DETERMINANTS OF PRIOR ACTIONS""; ""V. PRIOR ACTIONS AND PROGRAM SUCCESS""; ""VI. CONCLUSIONS""; ""References""; ""Appendix"" , English
    Additional Edition: ISBN 1-4518-6473-6
    Language: English
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, District of Columbia :International Monetary Fund,
    UID:
    almafu_9959797751302883
    Format: 1 online resource (29 pages) : , illustrations, tables.
    ISBN: 1-4755-4077-9
    Series Statement: IMF Working Paper ; WP/16/118
    Additional Edition: ISBN 1-4843-8851-8
    Additional Edition: ISBN 1-4755-4082-5
    Language: English
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C. :International Monetary Fund, Western Hemisphere Dept.,
    UID:
    edoccha_9958114552902883
    Format: 1 online resource (39 p.)
    ISBN: 1-4623-0933-X , 1-4527-2381-8 , 1-283-55547-6 , 9786613867926 , 1-4519-1888-7
    Series Statement: IMF working paper ; WP/10/43
    Content: This paper uses a modified version of the methodology used by the IMF's Consultative Group on Exchange Rate Issues (CGER) to calculate equilibrium current account balances (or ?norms?) for a sample of 33 emerging market economies. We find that the fundamental determinants of the equilibrium current account balances are similar to those identified by the CGER using a sample that also comprises advanced economies. However, the fiscal balance has a considerably stronger impact on current account norms for emerging markets. This paper also offers estimates for the equilibrium current account balances of eleven smaller emerging market economies that are not currently included in the country sample used by the CGER.
    Note: "February 2010." , Cover Page; Title Page; Copyright Page; Contents; I. Introduction; II. Sample and Main Regressors; III. Estimation; Figure 1. Key Variables; Table 1. Current Account Regression Results: Alternative Specifications; IV. Current Account Norms and Comparison with Underlying Balances; Table 2. Alternative Norm Estimations; Table 3. Contribution to CA Norms; Table 4. Norms and Confidence Intervals-Baseline without Oil Trade Balance for Importers; V. Concluding Remarks; Appendix I. Sample Characteristics; Appendix II. Variables and Sources; Appendix III. Unit Roots Test , Appendix IV. Regression SpecificationsVI. References; Footnotes , English
    Additional Edition: ISBN 1-4519-6299-1
    Language: English
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  • 8
    UID:
    edocfu_9958078113502883
    Format: 17 p. : , ill.
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 1-4623-6685-6 , 9786612844461 , 1-4518-7395-6 , 1-282-84446-6 , 1-4527-3189-6
    Series Statement: IMF working paper ; WP/09/248
    Content: This paper applies the Permanent Income Model to the non-oil current accounts of the major oil exporters to assess the extent to which national consumption decisions in these countries are made on the basis of permanent versus current income. A test of whether the return on oil wealth and oil balance coefficients sum to unity is accepted for all specifications that adjust the return on wealth for future population changes. For oil-exporting countries outside Africa, around half of the fluctuations in the private sector non-oil balance are driven by considerations of changes in permanent income (the return on oil wealth) rather than current income. By contrast, for the public sector and African countries permanent income has little or no effect.
    Note: "November 2009." , Intro -- Contents -- I. Introduction -- II. Theoretical Considerations -- III. Data Analysis -- IV. Estimation -- A. Non-oil Current Account Balance -- B. Non-oil Fiscal Balance -- C. Public and Private Sectors -- V. Conclusion -- Tables -- 1. Determinants of Non- oil Current Account -- 2. Determinants of the Non-oil Fiscal Balance -- 3. Determinants of Non-oil Current Account -- Figures -- 1. Regional Non-Oil Current Accounts -- 2. Regional Non-Oil Fiscal Deficits -- References. , English
    Additional Edition: ISBN 1-4519-1810-0
    Language: English
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    London ; : Routledge, Taylor and Francis Group,
    UID:
    almahu_9949383550102882
    Format: 1 online resource.
    ISBN: 9780429504105 , 0429504101 , 9780429995897 , 042999589X , 9780429995880 , 0429995881 , 9780429995903 , 0429995903
    Series Statement: Routledge focus on business and management
    Content: "The Business of New Process Diffusion explores entrepreneurship, innovation and process diffusion through the example of the development of float glass. The significance of the glass industry as a vehicle for studying innovation activities has been recognised for some time. By using it as an example to draw out the key themes of innovation and diffusion theory, this book uses its specific industrial history to form an illuminating case study. Little has been written in terms of the management of the early Float Glass start-ups, resulting in a gap in the literature. This book seeks to remedy this by recounting developments through the lens of one of the leading glass technologists involved in the process at the time, using historical and archival material, and artefacts from the period. It illustrates the business origins of the process and its invention, progressing to innovation, competition in the market, first successful production, licensing and patents, and the management of the start-ups leading to market leadership: all significant to the study of technology, entrepreneurship and innovation. This short-form volume provides a concise but rich resource for researchers and students of the theory and practice of innovation, new process diffusion and start-up management"--
    Note: New process diffusion -- Case study: management of the early float glass start-ups.
    Additional Edition: Print version: The business of new process diffusion London ; New York : Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, 2019. ISBN 9781138587199
    Language: English
    Keywords: Electronic books. ; Electronic books. ; Case studies. ; Electronic books
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  • 10
    UID:
    kobvindex_DGP1638883386
    Format: Ill., graph. Darst., Tab.
    ISSN: 0250-7439
    In: Finanzierung & Entwicklung, Hamburg : HWWA-Inst., 1970, 32(1995), 2, Seite 16-19, 0250-7439
    Language: German
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