Kooperativer Bibliotheksverbund

UID:

Format: 1 online resource (633 pages) : , illustrations, graphs.

Edition: 1st edition

ISBN: 0-08-101227-6

Series Statement: Woodhead Publishing Series in Civil and Structural Engineering

Content: Cost-Effective Energy Efficient Building Retrofitting:Materials, Technologies, Optimization and Case Studies provides essential knowledge for civil engineers, architects, and other professionals working in the field of cost-effective energy efficient building retrofitting. The building sector is responsible for high energy consumption and its global demand is expected to grow as each day there are approximately 200,000 new inhabitants on planet Earth. The majority of electric energy will continue to be generated from the combustion of fossil fuels releasing not only carbon dioxide, but also methane and nitrous oxide. Energy efficiency measures are therefore crucial to reduce greenhouse gas emissions of the building sector. Energy efficient building retrofitting needs to not only be technically feasible, but also economically viable. New building materials and advanced technologies already exist, but the knowledge to integrate all active components is still scarce and far from being widespread among building industry stakeholders. Emphasizes cost-effective methods for the refurbishment of existing buildings, presenting state-of-the-art technologies Includes detailed case studies that explain various methods and Net Zero Energy Explains optimal analysis and prioritization of cost effective strategies

Note: Front Cover -- Cost-Effective Energy-Efficient Building Retrofitting -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- List of Contributors -- Foreword -- 1 Introduction to Cost-Effective Energy-Efficient Building Retrofitting -- 1.1 Sustainable Development and Energy Production -- 1.2 Building Energy Efficiency and Energy Retrofitting -- 1.3 Financing Aspects Regarding Energy Retrofitting in Europe -- 1.4 The Importance of Socioeconomic Aspects -- 1.5 Outline of the Book -- References -- I. Materials and Technologies -- 2 Methodologies for Selection of Thermal Insulation Materials for Cost-Effective, Sustainable, and Energy-Efficient Retrof ... -- Nomenclature -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Thermal Insulation Materials -- 2.2.1 Composition-Based Classification of Thermal Insulation Materials -- 2.2.2 Physics of Performance-Based Classification of Thermal Insulation Materials -- 2.3 Environmental and Economic Assessment of Thermal Insulation Materials -- 2.3.1 Environmental Assessment of Thermal Insulation Materials -- 2.3.2 Economic Assessment of Thermal Insulation Materials -- 2.4 Advancements in the Field of Building Materials Applied for the Energy Upgrade of Buildings -- 2.4.1 Thermal Insulation Building Elements and Systems -- 2.4.1.1 Inorganic Insulation Materials -- 2.4.1.2 Organic Insulation Materials -- 2.4.1.3 Plasters and Mortars -- 2.4.1.4 Thermally Insulating Concrete -- 2.4.1.5 Vacuum Insulation Panels -- 2.4.1.6 Phase Change Materials -- 2.4.1.7 Aerogels -- 2.4.1.8 Vacuum Insulation Materials and Gas Insulation Materials -- 2.4.1.9 Nano Insulation Materials -- 2.4.1.10 Dynamic Insulation Materials -- 2.4.2 LCC of Renovation Measures -- 2.5 Conclusions -- References -- 3 Phase Change Materials for Application in Energy-Efficient Buildings -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Phase Change Materials in General -- 3.2.1 General. , 3.2.2 General Categorization of Phase Change Materials -- 3.2.2.1 Organic -- 3.2.2.2 Inorganic -- 3.2.2.3 Eutectic Mixtures -- 3.2.2.4 Comparison Summary -- 3.2.3 Encapsulation -- 3.2.3.1 Microencapsulation -- 3.2.3.2 Macroencapsulation -- 3.2.4 Long-Term Stability -- 3.3 State-of-the-Art Phase Change Materials -- 3.3.1 Phase Change Material Compounds -- 3.3.2 Phase Change Materials in Products for Building Applications -- 3.3.3 Phase Change Materials in Windows -- 3.3.4 Comparison of Commercial Products -- 3.4 Phase Change Materials in Building Applications -- 3.4.1 Building Applications -- 3.4.1.1 Free Cooling -- 3.4.1.2 Peak Load Shifting -- 3.4.1.3 Active Building Systems -- 3.4.1.4 Passive Building Systems -- 3.4.1.5 Thermal Comfort Control -- 3.4.2 Solar Energy Storage -- 3.4.3 Examples of Integration of Phase Change Materials for Passive Systems -- 3.4.3.1 Walls -- 3.4.3.2 Floors -- 3.4.3.3 Roofs -- 3.4.3.4 Windows and Shutters -- 3.4.3.5 Concrete -- 3.4.3.6 Thermal Insulation Materials -- 3.4.3.7 Furniture and Indoor Appliances -- 3.4.4 Retrofitting -- 3.4.5 Safety Requirements -- 3.5 Future Research Opportunities -- 3.5.1 Improving the Current Technologies -- 3.5.1.1 Increasing Thermal Storage Capacity -- 3.5.1.2 Enhancing Heat Transfer -- 3.5.2 New Technologies -- 3.5.2.1 Nanoencapsulated Phase Change Materials -- 3.5.2.2 Adjustable Phase Change Temperature -- 3.5.3 Further Reflections -- 3.5.3.1 Developing a Standard Test Scheme -- 3.5.3.2 Differential Scanning Calorimetry -- 3.5.3.3 T-History -- 3.5.3.4 Dynamic Heat Flow Apparatus -- 3.5.3.5 Dynamic Hot Box -- 3.5.3.6 Dynamic Guarded Hot Plate -- 3.5.3.7 M-Value -- 3.5.3.8 Environmental Impact Assessments -- 3.5.3.9 Expected Lifetime Predicament of Phase Change Materials -- 3.5.3.10 Quantifying the Effect of Phase Change Materials in Real-Life Buildings. , 3.5.3.11 Investigating Payback Times for Various Systems -- 3.5.3.12 Development of Advanced Building Envelopes -- 3.6 Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 4 Reflective Materials for Cost-Effective Energy-Efficient Retrofitting of Roofs -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 White Reflective Materials -- 4.2.1 Brief History -- 4.2.2 Properties -- 4.2.3 Cost-Effectiveness of Reflective White Materials -- 4.3 Colored Reflective Materials -- 4.3.1 Brief History -- 4.3.2 Properties -- 4.3.3 Cost Effectiveness of Colored Reflective Materials -- 4.4 Retroreflective Materials -- 4.5 Thermochromic Materials -- 4.6 Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 5 Solar Air Collectors for Cost-Effective Energy-Efficient Retrofitting -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Types of SACs -- 5.2.1 Unglazed Transpired Solar Air Collectors -- 5.2.1.1 Theoretical Studies of UTSAC -- 5.2.1.2 Mathematical Models to Predict Existing UTSAC Outputs -- 5.2.1.3 Experimental Studies on Existing UTSAC -- 5.2.2 Back-Pass Solar Air Collector -- 5.3 Unglazed SAC Numerical Model -- 5.3.1 Experimental Setup and Methodology -- 5.3.1.1 System Description -- 5.3.1.2 Global Solar Radiation Measurements -- 5.3.1.3 Air Temperature Measurements -- 5.3.1.4 Airflow Measurements -- 5.3.1.5 Wind-Speed Measurements -- 5.3.2 Data Collection -- 5.3.2.1 Measurement Processing -- 5.3.2.2 Air Inlet and Outlet Temperatures -- 5.3.2.3 Airflow Rate -- 5.3.3 Energy-Balance Equations -- 5.4 Life-Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) -- 5.4.1 Energy Analysis -- 5.4.2 Economic Analysis -- 5.4.2.1 Operation and Maintenance Costs -- 5.4.2.2 Life-Cycle Savings -- 5.4.2.3 Simple Payback Period -- 5.4.3 Results -- 5.4.3.1 Internal Rate of Return (IRR) -- 5.4.4 Summary of Economic Analysis -- 5.5 Concluding Remarks -- References -- 6 Building-Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV) for Cost-Effective Energy-Efficient Retrofitting. , 6.1 Introduction -- 6.1.1 Building-Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV) -- 6.1.2 BIPV Market -- 6.2 Cost-Effective Energy Retrofitting and Nearly- and Net-Zero Energy Building Design -- 6.2.1 Cost-Effective Energy Retrofitting and Potentialities of Integration of Photovoltaics -- 6.2.2 Nearly Zero-Energy Building Design and Photovoltaics -- 6.3 Photovoltaic Products for Buildings -- 6.3.1 Market Offer Breakdown -- 6.3.2 Costs of Photovoltaics in/on Buildings -- 6.3.3 Considerations About the BIPV Market and Suitability of PV Products for Retrofitting -- 6.4 Conclusions: Potentialities and Challenges -- References -- II. Optimization -- 7 Measurement and Verification Models for Cost-Effective Energy-Efficient Retrofitting -- Nomenclature for Measurement and Verification Terms -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Fundamental Principles of Measurement and Verification -- 7.3 Measurement and Verification Protocols & -- Standards -- 7.3.1 International Performance Measurement and Verification Protocol -- 7.3.2 Federal Energy Management Program -- 7.3.3 ASHRAE (American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers) Guideline 14 -- 7.3.4 ISO (International Standards Organization) 50015 -- 7.3.5 Superior Energy Performance protocol -- 7.4 Measurement and Verification Options -- 7.4.1 Retrofit Isolation: Key Parameter Measurement -- 7.4.2 Retrofit Isolation: All-Parameter Measurement -- 7.4.3 Whole Facility -- 7.4.4 Calibrated Simulation -- 7.4.5 Examples for M& -- V Options -- 7.5 Drivers for and Barriers Against M& -- V -- 7.6 Innovative Methods for Cost-Effective M& -- V: An Overview -- 7.6.1 Energy Monitoring -- 7.6.2 Monitoring of the Indoor Environmental Quality -- 7.6.3 Occupancy Monitoring -- 7.7 Summary -- References -- 8 A Cost-Effective Human-Based Energy-Retrofitting Approach -- 8.1 Introduction. , 8.2 Why Should Occupants' Awareness Play a Key Role in Building Energy Saving? -- 8.2.1 The Potentialities of People's Engagement for Energy Saving -- 8.3 Human-Building System Interaction: Active and Passive Roles of Occupants -- 8.4 Typical Occupants' Attitudes Playing a Key Role in Energy Need -- 8.5 Occupants' Behavior in Building Thermal Energy Dynamic Simulation -- 8.5.1 Dynamic Simulation Models and Occupancy Schedules -- 8.5.2 Case Study of Numerical Analyses About Predictive and Postoccupancy Approaches -- 8.6 Occupant Behavior Towards Energy Saving in Buildings -- 8.6.1 Understanding the Role of Social and Personal Engagement for Energy Saving -- 8.6.2 The Role of Eco-Feedback -- 8.6.3 Occupants' Behavior Towards Retrofitting and Human-Based Energy Retrofits -- 8.6.4 Possible Interventions Towards Proenvironmental Energy Behavior: Peer-Network Effect and Social Triggering for Energy ... -- 8.7 Conclusions -- References -- 9 An Overview of the Challenges for Cost-Effective and Energy-Efficient Retrofits of the Existing Building Stock -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Challenges in Building Energy Retrofitting -- 9.2.1 Priorities of Stakeholders -- 9.2.2 Time Period -- 9.2.3 Capital Investment -- 9.2.4 Cost Effectiveness -- 9.2.5 Risk Analysis -- 9.2.6 Technology -- 9.2.7 Government Policies -- 9.2.8 Reliable Prediction of Building Energy Performance -- 9.3 Optimization Approaches for the Design of Building Energy Retrofit -- 9.4 Building Energy Retrofit and Sustainability -- 9.5 Conclusions -- Acknowledgment -- References -- 10 Smart Heating Systems for Cost-Effective Retrofitting -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Technology -- 10.2.1 "Smartness" in the Primary Systems -- 10.2.2 "Smartness" in the Secondary Systems -- 10.2.3 The Control and the Building Automation -- 10.2.4 The Heat Metering -- 10.2.5 The Users Interfaces. , 10.3 Case Studies and Lessons Learned.

Additional Edition: ISBN 0-08-101128-8

Language: English

UID:

Format: 1 online resource (549 p.)

Edition: 1st edition

ISBN: 1-78242-318-4

Series Statement: Woodhead Publishing Series in Civil and Structural Engineering ; Number 55

Content: Masonry walls constitute the interface between the building's interior and the outdoor environment. Masonry walls are traditionally composed of fired-clay bricks (solid or perforated) or blocks (concrete or earth-based), but in the past (and even in the present) they were often associated as needing an extra special thermal and acoustical insulation layer. However, over more recent years investigations on thermal and acoustical features has led to the development of new improved bricks and blocks that no longer need these insulation layers. Traditional masonry units (fired-clay bricks, concre

Note: Description based upon print version of record. , Front Cover; Copyright; 4 - Traditional fired-clay bricks versus large and highly perforated fired-clay bricks masonry: influence on buildings ther ...; Contents; 17 - The properties of compressed earth-based (CEB) masonry blocks; Foreword; 1 - Introduction to eco-efficient masonry bricks and blocks; 3 - Influence of large and highly perforated fired-clay bricks in the improvement of the equivalent thermal transmittance o ...; 8 - The properties and durability of high-pozzolanic industrial by-products content concrete masonry blocks , 1.2 Contributions of masonry bricks and blocks for eco-efficient constructionReferences; Woodhead Publishing Series in Civil and Structural Engineering; Part 1 Design, properties and thermal performance of large and highly perforated fired-clay masonry bricks; 2.1 Introduction; 2.3 Raw materials used in the production of perforated fired bricks; 2.6 Conclusions; 2.7 Future trends; References; 3.5 Conclusions and future trends; 4.3 Reference building; 18.3 Use of industrial and agricultural wastes and by-products; Acknowledgments; 5.1 Introduction; 13.1 Introduction; 17.1 Introduction , 6.3 Agricultural waste pore formers and properties of bricks7.3 Comparison between clay minerals and the alternative raw materials; Part 3 The design, properties and durability of Portland cement concrete masonry blocks; 16 - The properties and durability of adobe earth-based masonry blocks; 8.1 Introduction; 9 - The properties and durability of autoclaved aerated concrete masonry blocks; 9.9 Thermal conductivity of bottom ash cement autoclaved aerated concrete; 10 - The design, properties, and performance of concrete masonry blocks with phase change materials , 9.5 Physical properties of autoclaved aerated concreteReferences; 11.3 Enhanced performance of masonry blocks using optimization techniques; 14.1 Introduction; 14.3 Suitability of red mud for geopolymeric masonry block; 15.3 Static compaction device; 4.5 Future trends; 15.5 Thermal cured geopolymer blocks; 16.5 Future trends for eco-efficient constructions; References; References; 19.3 Optimal design for thermal insulation: problem formulation; 19.5 Conclusion and future trends; 20.3 Environmental and energy assessments in ceramic manufacturing plants , 18 - The durability of compressed earth-based masonry blocks21 - Assessment of the energy and carbon embodied in straw and clay masonry blocks; 21.1 Introduction; 21.3 Farming walls; 12.3 Mix details of fly ash-based geopolymeric masonry bricks; 22.3 Embodied energy and CO2-related studies; 22.5 The description of the object of the assessment and system boundary; Index , English

Additional Edition: ISBN 1-322-34767-0

Additional Edition: ISBN 1-78242-305-2

Language: English

UID:

Format: 1 online resource (348 pages)

ISBN: 0-323-85291-2

Series Statement: Woodhead Publishing series in civil and structural engineering

Content: "Advances in the Toxicity of Construction and Building Materials presents the potential and toxic effects of building materials on human health, along with tactics on how to minimize exposure. Chapters are divided into four sections covering the toxicity of indoor environments, fire toxicity, radioactive materials, and toxicity from plastics, metals, asbestos, nanoparticles and construction wastes. Key chapters focus on the reduction of chemical emissions in houses with eco-labelled building materials and potential risks posed by indoor pollutants that may include volatile organic compounds (VOC), formaldehyde, semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOC), radon, NOx, asbestos and nanoparticles."--

Additional Edition: ISBN 0-12-824533-6

Language: English

UID:

Format: 1 online resource (594 pages) : , illustrations (black and white, and colour).

ISBN: 0-12-819056-6 , 0-12-819055-8

Series Statement: Woodhead Publishing series in civil and structural engineering

Content: "Advances in Construction and Demolition Waste Recycling: Management, Processing and Environmental Assessment is divided over three parts. Part One focuses on the management of construction and demolition waste, including estimation of quantities and the use of BIM and GIS tools. Part Two reviews the processing of recycled aggregates, along with the performance of concrete mixtures using different types of recycled aggregates. Part Three looks at the environmental assessment of non-hazardous waste. This book will be a standard reference for civil engineers, structural engineers, architects and academic researchers working in the field of construction and demolition waste." -- Publisher's description.

Note: Part I. Managing construction and demolition waste. Estimation of construction and demolition waste ; An economic analysis of the processing technologies in CDW recycling platforms ; Management of demolition waste ; Management of end-of-life gypsum in a circular economy ; The effects of data collection method and monitoring of workers’ behavior on the generation of demolition waste Koutamanis ; Building information modeling for construction and demolition waste minimization ; Identifying areas under potential risk illegal construction and demolition waste dumping GIS tools – Part II. Processing, and applications of recycled aggregates from construction and demolition waste. Influence of the pretreatment of recycled aggregates ; Recycled aggregates (RAs) for roads ; Recycled aggregates (Ras) for asphalt materials ; Self-compacting concrete with recycled aggregates ; The suitability of concrete using recycled aggregates (Ras) for high-performance concrete ; Influence of curing conditions on recycled aggregate concrete ; Long term performance of recycled aggregate concrete (adiado) – Performance of concrete based on recycled aggregate ; Recycled household ceramic waste in eco-efficient cement: a case study ; Self-healing concrete with recycled aggregates ; Use of construction and demolition waste (CDW) for alkali0activated or geopolymer concrete – Part III. Environmental issues affecting recycled aggregates from construction and demolition waste. Detection of asbestos in CDW ; Leaching performance of recycled aggregates ; Life cycle assessment of non-hazardous construction and demolition waste ; Radioactivity of construction and demolition waste ; An environmental assessment model of construction waste reduction management ; LCA of masonry blocks with recycled aggregates ; Use of LCS and LCC for decision between downcycling versus recycling of construction and demolition waste.

Language: English

UID:

Format: 1 online resource

ISBN: 0-12-820943-7

Series Statement: Woodhead Publishing series in civil and structural engineering

Additional Edition: ISBN 0-12-820791-4

Language: English

UID:

Format: 1 online resource (xv, 411 pages) : , illustrations (chiefly colour), maps, plans

ISBN: 0-12-822381-2

Series Statement: Woodhead Publishing series in civil and structural engineering

Content: "Bio-based Materials and Biotechnologies for Eco-efficient Construction fills a gap in the published literature, discussing bio-based materials and biotechnologies that are crucial for a more sustainable construction industry. With comprehensive coverage and contributions from leading experts in the field, the book includes sections on Bio-based materials and biotechnologies for infrastructure applications, Bio-based materials and biotechnologies for building energy efficiency, and other applications, such as using biotechnology to reduce indoor air pollution, for water treatment, and in soil decontamination. The book will be an essential reference resource for academic researchers, civil engineers, contractors working in construction works, postgraduate students and other professionals."--Provided by publisher.

Note: Introduction to biobased materials and biotechnologies for eco-efficient construction / , Biobased polymers for mitigating early- and late-age cracking in concrete / , Influence of two commercial superplasticizers and a biopolymer on the performance of waste-based alkali-activated mortars / , Fire-retardant bioproducts for green buildings / , Properties of asphalt binder and mixture containing bioasphalt derived from castor / , Performance of bio-based insulation materials in an old building envelope system / , Tilia sp.’s pruning residues wood panels for thermal insulation / , Building insulation materials based on agricultural wastes / , Properties of clay plasters with olive fibers / , Thermal insulation biomaterial based on Hydrangea macrophylla / , Bio-based phase-change materials / , Building integrated photobioreactor / , Biotechnology for soil decontamination: opportunity, challenges, andprospects for pesticide biodegradation / , Sustainable carbohydrate-derived building materials / , Bio-based materials and biotechnologies for eco-efficient construction / , Environmental safety of biotechnological materials and processes / , Biotechnological immobilization of chemical, biological, and radioactive pollutants on land and infrastructure demolition waste after industrial accident, military action, or terrorist attack /

Additional Edition: Print version: Bio-based materials and biotechnologies for eco-efficient construction. Duxford : Woodhead Publishing, 2020 ISBN 0128194812

Additional Edition: ISBN 9780128194812

Language: English

DOI: 10.1016/C2018-0-04217-6

UID:

Format: 1 online resource (xix, 556 pages) : , illustrations.

ISBN: 0-323-85469-9

Series Statement: Woodhead Publishing series in civil and structural engineering

Content: "Advances on Alkali-activated Concrete, provides comprehensive information on materials, structural properties and realistic potential for the application of alkali-activated concretes and cements. Divided over seven key parts, including the design of alkali-activated concrete, their fabrication and curing, rheology, properties of alkali-activated concrete, durability, dynamic performance and LCA, the book will be an essential reference resource for academic and industrial researchers, materials scientists, chemists, manufacturers and civil engineers working with alkali-activated materials and concrete structures."--

Language: English

UID:

Format: 1 online resource (456 pages) : , illustrations.

Edition: Second edition.

ISBN: 0-12-819947-4 , 0-12-819946-6

Series Statement: Woodhead Publishing series in civil and structural engineering

Language: English

UID:

Format: 1 online resource (xxiii, 646 pages) : , illustrations, maps.

ISBN: 0-85709-690-7

Series Statement: Woodhead Publishing series in civil and structural engineering, number 47

Content: The civil engineering sector accounts for a significant percentage of global material and energy consumption and is a major contributor of waste material. The ability to recycle and reuse concrete and demolition waste is critical to reducing environmental impacts in meeting national, regional and global environmental targets. Handbook of recycled concrete and demolition waste summarises key recent research in achieving these goals.Part one considers techniques for managing construction and demolition waste, including waste management plans, ways of estimating levels of waste, the types

Note: "ISSN: 2052-4714." , part I. Managing construction and demolition waste -- part II. Processing and properties of recycled aggregates from construction and demolition waste -- part III. Applications of recycled aggregates from construction and demolition waste -- part IV. Environmental issues affecting recycled aggregates from construction and demolition waste. , English

Additional Edition: ISBN 0-85709-682-6

Language: English

UID:

Format: 1 online resource (477 pages) : , illustrations.

ISBN: 0-08-102733-8

Series Statement: Woodhead Publishing series in civil and structural engineering

Content: Use of Recycled Plastics in Eco-efficient Concrete looks at the processing of plastic waste, including techniques for separation, the production of plastic aggregates, the production of concrete with recycled plastic as an aggregate or binder, the fresh properties of concrete with plastic aggregates, the shrinkage of concrete with plastic aggregates, the mechanical properties of concrete with plastic aggregates, toughness of concrete with plastic aggregates, modulus of elasticity of concrete with plastic aggregates, durability of concrete with plastic aggregates, concrete plastic waste powder with enhanced neutron radiation shielding, and more, thus making it a valuable reference for academics and industrial researchers.

Note: Front Cover -- Use of Recycled Plastics in Eco-efficient Concrete -- Use of Recycled Plastics in Eco-efficient Concrete -- Copyright -- Contents -- List of contributors -- 1 - Introduction to the use of recycled plastics in eco-efficient concrete -- 1.1 The waste plastic problem -- 1.2 Outline of the book -- References -- 2 - Techniques for separation of plastic wastes -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Plastic waste sources and typologies -- 2.2.1 Production of plastic waste -- 2.2.2 Typologies of polymers, characteristics, and uses -- 2.3 The plastic recycling chain -- 2.4 Plastic waste separation technologies -- 2.4.1 Gravity separation -- 2.4.1.1 Dry -- Air classifier -- Ballistic separator -- 2.4.1.2 Wet -- Sink-float separation -- Jigging -- Hydrocycloning -- 2.4.2 Electrostatic separation -- 2.4.3 Magnetic density separation -- 2.4.4 Flotation -- 2.4.5 Sensor-based sorting -- 2.4.5.1 Visible spectroscopy -- 2.4.5.2 Near infrared spectroscopy -- 2.4.5.3 Hyperspectral imaging -- 2.4.5.4 X-ray fluorescence -- 2.4.5.5 Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy -- 2.4.6 Auxiliary separation technologies -- 2.4.6.1 Magnetic separation -- 2.4.6.2 Eddy current separation -- 2.5 Recycled plastics quality control -- 2.5.1 Recycled plastics quality measurements -- 2.6 Technical challenges in plastic recycling -- 2.6.1 PP-PE separation -- 2.6.2 LDPE-HDPE separation -- 2.6.3 Black or dark color polymers -- 2.6.4 Biopolymers -- 2.6.5 Marine plastics -- References -- 3. Hydraulic separation of plastic wastes -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Principles of the hydraulic separation process -- 3.2.1 Multiphase flow overview -- 3.2.2 Phase coupling -- 3.2.3 Dispersed multiphase flows modeling -- 3.2.4 Conservation equations of diluted dispersed two-phase flows in an Eulerian reference framework -- 3.3 Devices for the hydraulic separation within mechanical recycling plants. , 3.4 The hydraulic separator channel -- 3.4.1 Experimental apparatus -- 3.4.2 Equipment and methodology for the fluid mechanics investigation -- 3.4.3 Tested plastic samples -- 3.4.4 Mono- and Multimaterial Separation Tests -- 3.5 Separation efficacy of the hydraulic separator channel -- 3.5.1 Results from the experimental activities -- 3.5.1.1 Monomaterial separation tests -- 3.5.1.2 Multimaterial separation tests -- 3.5.2 Results from the numerical simulations -- 3.6 Conclusions -- References -- 4. Production of recycled polypropylene (PP) fibers from industrial plastic waste through melt spinning process -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Physical cutting of waste plastic -- 4.3 Mechanical recycling of plastic wastes -- 4.3.1 Steps in mechanical recycling of plastic wastes -- 4.3.1.1 Collection and sorting plastic wastes -- 4.3.1.2 Shredding, cleaning, and sorting plastic resin types -- 4.3.1.3 Reprocessing of plastic -- 4.3.2 Degradation of plastic during reprocessing -- 4.3.2.1 Crystallization -- 4.3.2.2 Melt blending -- 4.4 Production of recycled plastic fibers -- 4.5 Material characterization -- 4.5.1 Molecular orientation in recycled PP fiber -- 4.5.2 Crystallinity in recycled PP fibers -- 4.6 Mechanical properties of recycled PP fibers -- 4.7 Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 5 - Fresh properties of concrete containing plastic aggregate -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Mix proportion and design -- 5.2.1 Concrete requirements -- 5.2.2 Aggregate preparation and mix proportion for concrete incorporating plastic waste as aggregate -- 5.2.2.1 Waste plastic as fine aggregate -- Fine PET plastic aggregate -- High-density polyethylene fine plastic aggregate -- Fine aggregate from waste compact disks -- 5.2.2.2 Waste plastic as coarse aggregate -- Plate cover of water drink bottle as coarse aggregate -- Coarse aggregate from waste compact disk wastes. , 5.3 Workability of fresh concrete containing plastic aggregate -- 5.3.1 Definition of workability -- 5.3.2 Measurement of workability -- 5.3.2.1 Workability of concrete incorporating waste plastic as fine aggregate -- Fine PET plastic aggregate -- High-density polyethylene fine plastic aggregate -- Fine aggregate from waste compact disks -- 5.3.2.2 Workability of concrete incorporating waste plastic as coarse aggregate -- Drink water plastic bottle's cover as coarse aggregate -- Coarse aggregate from waste compact disks -- 5.4 Fresh density of concrete containing plastic aggregate -- 5.5 Self-compacting plastic aggregate concrete -- 5.5.1 Definition of self-compacting concrete -- 5.5.2 Fresh properties of Self-compacting concrete incorporating waste plastic aggregate -- 5.5.2.1 Fine plastic aggregate SCC -- 5.5.2.2 Coarse plastic aggregate -- Compacted disk plastic as coarse aggregate -- Water drink plastic bottle cover as coarse aggregate -- 5.6 Conclusions -- References -- Further reading -- 6 - Mechanical strength of concrete with PVC aggregates -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Properties of concrete with PVC waste aggregate -- 6.2.1 Behavior of PVC aggregate -- 6.2.2 Properties of fresh concrete -- 6.2.3 Physical properties -- 6.2.4 Mechanical properties -- 6.2.4.1 Compressive strength -- 6.2.4.2 Tensile strength -- 6.2.4.3 Modulus of elasticity -- 6.2.4.4 Fracture mechanics -- 6.2.5 Non-destructive behavior -- 6.2.6 Aspects of durability -- 6.2.7 Other properties -- 6.3 Summary -- References -- 7 - Characteristics of concrete containing EPS -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Preparation of EPS -- 7.3 Physical properties of EPS -- 7.4 Chemical properties of EPS -- 7.5 Substitution levels of EPS -- 7.6 Production and applications of EPS concrete -- 7.7 Density of concrete containing EPS -- 7.8 Fresh properties of concrete containing EPS -- 7.8.1 Slump value. , 7.8.2 Flow table -- 7.9 Mechanical properties -- 7.9.1 Compressive strength -- 7.9.2 Modulus of elasticity -- 7.9.3 Stress-Strain diagram -- 7.9.4 Splitting tensile strength -- 7.9.5 Mode of failure -- 7.9.6 Flexural strength -- 7.9.7 Ultrasonic pulse velocity -- 7.9.8 Length change (shrinkage, expansion) -- 7.10 Thermal conductivity -- 7.11 Durability-related properties of concrete containing EPS -- 7.11.1 Water absorption -- 7.11.2 Capillary water absorption -- 7.11.3 Permeability -- 7.11.4 Chemical attack -- 7.11.5 Freezing-thaw resistance -- 7.11.6 Fire and heating resistance -- 7.12 Structural performance of reinforced concrete beams -- 7.13 Conclusions and recommendations -- References -- 8 - Lightweight concrete with polyolefins as aggregates -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Production of expanded granules -- 8.3 Use of recycled polyolefins in different sectors -- 8.4 Use of polyolefins as recycled aggregates in lightweight concrete (case study) -- 8.4.1 Materials -- 8.4.2 Methods -- 8.4.2.1 Casting and curing -- 8.4.2.2 Physical properties and evaluation of porosity -- 8.4.2.3 Compressive strength, elastic modulus, and flexural tests -- 8.4.2.4 Thermal exposure and morphological characterization -- 8.4.3 Results -- 8.4.3.1 Physical properties -- 8.4.3.2 Mechanical properties -- 8.4.3.3 Thermal stability -- 8.5 Future trends -- References -- Further reading -- 9 - Properties of concrete with plastic polypropylene aggregates -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Waste polypropylene-based aggregates for concrete -- 9.2.1 Types of PP aggregates -- 9.2.2 Characterization of PP aggregates -- 9.2.3 Preparation of concrete with PP aggregates -- 9.3 Structural properties of concrete with PP aggregates -- 9.4 Mechanical properties of concrete with PP aggregates -- 9.4.1 Compressive strength -- 9.4.2 Flexural strength -- 9.4.3 Modulus of elasticity. , 9.4.4 Compressive strength after exposure to high temperatures-thermal stability -- 9.5 Thermal properties of composites with PP aggregates -- 9.6 Hygric properties of composites with PP aggregates -- 9.7 Possible application of PP in concrete production and future trends -- Acknowledgment -- References -- 10 - Virgin and waste polymer incorporated concrete mixes for enhanced neutron radiation shielding characteristics -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Neutron radiation and shielding -- 10.2.1 Neutron (n) radiation -- 10.2.2 Interaction between neutron radiation and materials -- 10.2.3 Neutron scattering reactions (Kontani et al., 2010) -- 10.2.4 Neutron absorption reactions (Lamarsh and Baratta, 2001) -- 10.2.5 Concrete as a radiation shield -- 10.2.6 Shielding terminology -- 10.2.7 The neutron cross-sections -- 10.2.8 Microscopic reaction cross-sections -- 10.2.9 Dose or absorbed dose -- 10.2.10 Dose rate -- 10.2.11 Test methodology -- 10.2.12 Flux transmission measurements -- 10.2.13 Dose transmission measurements -- 10.3 Use of hydrogenous aggregates and polymers in radiation shielding -- 10.3.1 Selection of polymer -- 10.4 Use of virgin HDPE powder as partial replacement to sand -- 10.5 Properties of PISCC mixes in their fresh states -- 10.5.1 Static segregation characteristics of PISCC mixes -- 10.5.2 Strength characteristics -- 10.6 Neutron radiation shielding properties of polymer incorporated concrete mixes -- 10.6.1 General -- 10.6.2 Hydrogen loading in different PISCC mixes -- 10.6.3 Shielding characteristics of PISCC mixes -- 10.6.4 Statistical analysis of shielding properties -- 10.6.5 Effect of hydrogen loading on shielding characteristics of PISCC mixes -- 10.6.6 Future trends -- References -- 11 - Performance of dioctyl terephthalate concrete -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Dioctyl terephthalate concrete -- 11.2.1 Workability performance. , 11.2.2 Compressive strength.

Additional Edition: ISBN 0-08-102676-5

Language: English