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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : International Monetary Fund
    UID:
    gbv_845896067
    Format: Online-Ressource (33 p)
    Edition: Online-Ausg.
    ISBN: 1451962789 , 9781451962789
    Series Statement: IMF Working Papers Working Paper No. 10/36
    Content: Applying commonly used vector autoregression (VAR) techniques, this paper investigates the transmission mechanism of monetary policy on output and prices for Mauritius, using data for 1999-2009. The results show that (i) an unexpected monetary policy tightening-an increase in the Bank of Mauritius policy interest rate-leads to a decline in prices and output but the effect on output is weaker; (ii) an unexpected decrease in the money supply or an unexpected increase in the nominal effective exchange rate result in a decrease in prices; and (iii) variations of the policy variables account for small a percentage of the fluctuations in output and prices. Taken together, these results suggest a rather weak monetary policy transmission mechanism. Finally, we find some differences in the transmission mechanism depending on whether core or headline consumer price index is used in the estimations
    Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe Tsangarides, Charalambos Monetary Policy Transmission in Mauritius Using a VAR Analysis Washington, D.C. : International Monetary Fund, 2010 ISBN 9781451962789
    Language: English
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  • 2
    UID:
    gbv_845891952
    Format: Online-Ressource (43 p)
    Edition: Online-Ausg.
    ISBN: 1451872216 , 9781451872217
    Series Statement: IMF Working Papers Working Paper No. 09/74
    Content: Bayesian Model Averaging (BMA) provides a coherent mechanism to address the problem of model uncertainty. In this paper we extend the BMA framework to panel data models where the lagged dependent variable as well as endogenous variables appear as regressors. We propose a Limited Information Bayesian Model Averaging (LIBMA) methodology and then test it using simulated data. Simulation results suggest that asymptotically our methodology performs well both in Bayesian model selection and averaging. In particular, LIBMA recovers the data generating process very well, with high posterior inclusion probabilities for all the relevant regressors, and parameter estimates very close to the true values. These findings suggest that our methodology is well suited for inference in dynamic panel data models with short time periods in the presence of endogenous regressors under model uncertainty
    Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe Mirestean, Alin Limited Information Bayesian Model Averaging for Dynamic Panels with Short Time Periods Washington, D.C. : International Monetary Fund, 2009 ISBN 9781451872217
    Language: English
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, DC :International Monetary Fund,
    UID:
    almafu_9958059009502883
    Format: 1 online resource (33 p.)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 1-4755-2485-4 , 1-4755-3732-8
    Series Statement: IMF working paper ; 12/227
    Content: Do growth spells in Africa end because of bad realizations of the same factors that influence growth spells in the rest of the world, or because of different factors altogether? To answer this question, we examine determinants of growth spells in Africa and the rest of the world using Bayesian Mode Averaging techniques for proportional hazards models. We define growth spells as periods of sustained growth episodes between growth accelerations and decelerations and then relate the probability that a growth spell ends to various determinants including exogenous shocks, physical and human capital, macroeconomic policy, and sociopolitical factors. Our analysis suggests that determinants of growth spells in Africa are different from those in the rest of the world. The majority of the identified robust determinants have a distinct impact in only one of the two samples: initial income, terms of trade, exchange rate undervaluation and inflation, influence spells only in the world sample, while openness and droughts seem to only affect Africa. In addition, a few common determinants - proxies for human and physical capital and changes in the world interest rate - have very different marginal effects in the two samples.
    Note: Description based upon print version of record. , Cover; Contents; I. Introduction; II. Identifying Growth Spells and Their Determinants; A. From Structural Breaks to Growth Spells; B. Determinants of Growth Spells; III. Empirical Strategy; A. Survival Models; B. BMA for survival models; C. Model Specification and Africa Interactions; IV. Results; A. Impact of Model Uncertainty; B. Robustness Analysis Using BMA; V. Conclusion; References; Tables; 1. Growth Breaks by Country Group; 2. Stylized Facts about Growth Spells; 3. Evidence for Lack of Robustness from Ad Hoc Growth Regressions , 4. Posterior Coefficient Estimates for Growth Spells for Africa, Non-Africa, and World Figures; 1a. Upbreaks and Downbreaks: Hills, Cliffs, Mountains, and Plateaus; 1b. Upbreaks and Downbreaks: Hills, Cliffs, Mountains, and Plateaus in Africa; 2a. Distribution of Upbreaks; 2b. Distribution of Downbreaks; 3. Duration of Growth Spells and Explanatory Variables; Appendix , English
    Additional Edition: ISBN 1-4755-6618-2
    Additional Edition: ISBN 1-4755-1022-5
    Language: English
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  • 4
    UID:
    edocfu_9958124464502883
    Format: 1 online resource (56 p.)
    ISBN: 1-4623-6389-X , 1-4527-8845-6 , 1-283-51791-4 , 1-4519-1211-0 , 9786613830364
    Series Statement: IMF working paper ; WP/07/194
    Content: Using the FEER approach we investigate the long-run equilibrium paths of the real effective exchange rates (REERs) of countries in the West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU). In an attempt to address econometric estimation uncertainty, we employ both single-country (Johansen and ARDL) and panel-data (FMOLS and PMG) cointegration techniques. We find that (i) much of the long-run behavior of REERs in WAEMU countries can be explained by fluctuations in terms of trade, government consumption, investment, and productivity; (ii) the use of different econometric techniques suggests that there is significant uncertainty about the path of the underlying equilibrium REERs and the degree of exchange rate misalignment, which underscores the need for robustness analyses in exchange rate modeling; and (iii) results from panel-data cointegration may sometimes be useful, but should always be complemented with single-country estimations to ensure that the results take into account country-specific characteristics.
    Note: "August 2007". , Contents; I. Introduction; II. Background; A. Literature Review; B. The Theory Underlying the FEER; III. Methodology and Data; A. Econometric Methodology; B. Data; IV. Empirical Results; A. Integration Analysis; B. Single-Country Estimation; Tables; 1. Results of Cointegration Estimation; C. Multicountry Panel Estimation; 2. Results of Panel Estimations; D. Real Misalignments; Figures; 1. Benin: Actual and Equilibrium Exchange Rates, 1970-2006; 2. Burkina Faso: Actual and Equilibrium Exchange Rates, 1970-2006; 3. Côte D'Ivoire: Actual and Equilibrium Exchange rates, 1970-2006 , 4. Mali: Actual and Equilibrium Exchange Rates, 1970-20065. Niger: Actual and Equilibrium Exchange Rates, 1970-2006; 6. Senegal: Actual and Equilibrium Exchange Rates, 1970-2006; 7. Togo: Actual and Equilibrium Exchange Rate, 1970-2006; 8. WAEMU: Actual and Equilibrium Exchange Rates, 1970-2006; V. Conclusion; 3. Evidence of Exchange Rate Misalignment in 2006; Appendices; A. Variable Definitions and Sourcesf; B. Cointegration, Unit Root Tests and Model Diagnostics; References; References , English
    Additional Edition: ISBN 1-4518-6758-1
    Language: English
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C.] :International Monetary Fund, African Dept.,
    UID:
    edoccha_9958124461602883
    Format: 1 online resource (45 p.)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 1-4623-8512-5 , 1-4527-2189-0 , 1-283-51816-3 , 1-4519-0885-7 , 9786613830616
    Series Statement: IMF working paper ; WP/06/90
    Content: Applying techniques of clustering analysis to a set of variables suggested by the convergence criteria and the theory of optimal currency areas, this paper looks for country homogeneities to assess membership in the existing and proposed monetary unions of the broader west African region. Our analysis reveals considerable dissimilarities in the economic characteristics of the countries in west and central Africa. In particular, the West African Monetary Zone (WAMZ) countries do not form a cluster with the West Africa Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU) countries; and, within the WAMZ, there is a significant lack of homogeneity. Furthermore, when west and central African countries are considered together, we find significant heterogeneities within the CFA franc zone, and some interesting similarities between the Economic and Monetary Community of Central Africa (CEMAC) and WAMZ countries. Overall, our findings raise some questions about the geographical boundaries of several existing and proposed monetary unions.
    Note: "March 2006." , ""Contents""; ""I. INTRODUCTION""; ""II. BACKGROUND""; ""III. METHODOLOGY""; ""IV. DATA AND VARIABLES""; ""V. EMPIRICAL RESULTS""; ""VI. CONCLUSION AND POLICY IMPLICATIONS""; ""References"" , English
    Additional Edition: ISBN 1-4518-6350-0
    Language: English
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  • 6
    UID:
    edocfu_9958077056402883
    Format: 1 online resource (26 p.)
    ISBN: 1-4623-3766-X , 1-4527-3195-0 , 1-282-44799-8 , 9786613821188 , 1-4519-1154-8
    Series Statement: IMF working paper ; WP/07/137
    Content: This paper provides an update on the main elements of the reform agenda concerning the CEMAC trade regime as well as a tentative quantitative assessment of selected effects on tariff revenues and trade patterns. Notwithstanding data limitations, the key messages from the analysis are as follows. First, there is a need for a renewed political commitment to regional integration. In addition, key measures for improving compliance with the requirements for a customs union need to be introduced, including limiting tariff exemptions, phasing out remaining surcharges, strengthening the determination of products' country origin, and enhancing customs administration. There is also a need to improve transportation infrastructure and organization. Finally, there is a strong case for tariff reduction, with or without an EPA. Trade liberalization would help boost economic growth and poverty alleviation and limit risks of trade diversion with an EPA. Tariff reform should be complemented by improvements in domestic revenue mobilization.
    Note: "June 2007". , Contents; I. Introduction; II. The Current Regime: Characteristics, Deficiencies, and Reforms; A. Trade Characteristics; Figures; 1. Oil and Non-Oil Exports to GDP; 2. Composition of CEMAC Exports to Various Partners; Tables; 1. CEMAC: Sources of Imports and Tariff Revenue by Region of Origin; 3. Composition of CEMAC Imports from Various Partners; B. Deficiencies and Reforms; 2. CEMAC: Sources of Imports and Tariff Revenue by Import Tariff Band; 4. Intraregional Exports for Selected Regional Groups; 5. Intraregional Imports for Selected Regional Groups; Boxes , 1. Problems in Implementing the Agreed Trade Regime in Chad2. Implementation of the Trade Regime in the Republic of Congo; 3. Doing Business Survey (2006): Trading Across Borders; 4. Doing Business Survey (2006); III. Prospects for Enhancing Intra-community Trade; 5. CEMAC: Sources of Imports and Tariff Revenue by Produce Type; 3. Transportation Delays and Costs; 6. Trade Complementarity Index in the CEMAC; 7. Trade Complementarity Index in the WAEMU; 8. Simple Average MFN Tariffs; IV. Recent Trade Initiatives; A. Reducing the CET; 9. CEMAC and WAEMU MFN Import Tariff Rates by Sector , 10. CEMAC: Tariff Receips in Percent of GDP11. CEMAC: Scenarios for Tariff Receipts in Percent of GDP; B. Economic Partnership Agreement; 12. CEMAC: Indications of the Scope for Trade Diversion; C. Global Trade Liberalization; 4. The Doha Round and Africa's Preference Erosion1; V. Concluding Remarks and Policy Recommendations; References , English
    Additional Edition: ISBN 1-4518-6701-8
    Language: English
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C. :International Monetary Fund,
    UID:
    edocfu_9958065822702883
    Format: 1 online resource (40 p.)
    ISBN: 1-4623-5169-7 , 1-4552-1939-8 , 1-283-55774-6 , 9786613870193 , 1-4552-1034-X
    Series Statement: IMF working papers ; WP/10/242
    Content: This paper examines the role of the exchange rate regime in explaining how emerging market economies fared in the recent global financial crisis, particularly in terms of output losses and growth resilience. After controlling for regime switches during the crisis, using alternative definitions for pegs, and taking account of other likely determinants, we find that the growth performance for pegs was not different from that of floats during the crisis. For the recovery period 2010-11, pegs appear to be faring worse, with growth recovering more slowly than floats. These results suggest an asymmetric effect of the regime during and recovering from the crisis. We also find that proxies of the trade and financial channels are important determinants of growth performance during the crisis, while only the trade channel appears important for the recovery thus far.
    Note: "October 2010." , Cover Page; Title Page; Copyright Page; Contents; I. Introduction; II. Data; III. The Crisis Period; A. Story in simple averages; B. Growth determinants in the crisis period; IV. Post-Crisis Recovery; A. First signs of recovery; B. Role of perceptions; V. Conclusion; Appendix A: Data and Summary Statistics; Appendix B: Tables and Robustness Checks; References; Footnotes , English
    Additional Edition: ISBN 1-4552-0942-2
    Language: English
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  • 8
    UID:
    edocfu_9958073071402883
    Format: 1 online resource (37 p.)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 1-4623-7302-X , 1-4527-1383-9 , 1-283-51154-1 , 1-4519-0827-X , 9786613823991
    Series Statement: IMF working paper ; WP/06/31
    Content: This paper explores and quantifies several aspects of the performance of currency unions using an augmented version of the gravity model and focusing on two samples, the world and Africa. Our empirical findings suggest that, in principle, membership in a currency union should benefit Africa as much as it does the rest of the world. In addition, we find evidence from both samples that the effect of currency unions on trade is large, almost a doubling; currency unions are associated with trade creation, increase price co-movements among members, and make trade more stable; and longer duration of currency union membership brings about more benefits, although with some diminishing returns.
    Note: "January 2006." , ""Contents""; ""I. INTRODUCTION""; ""II. LITERATURE REVIEW""; ""III. METHODOLOGY""; ""IV. RESULTS""; ""V. CONCLUSIONS""; ""References"" , English
    Additional Edition: ISBN 1-4518-6291-1
    Language: English
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington D.C.] :International Monetary Fund,
    UID:
    edocfu_9958077060802883
    Format: 1 online resource (42 p.)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 1-4623-9318-7 , 1-4527-7838-8 , 1-282-44791-2 , 1-4519-0949-7 , 9786613821119
    Series Statement: IMF working paper ; WP/06/236
    Content: We apply the fundamentals equilibrium exchange rate (FEER) approach and the Johansen cointegration methodology to investigate the behavior of the real effective exchange rates of the two monetary unions of the CFA franc zone (CEMAC and WAEMU) vis-à-vis their long-run equilibrium paths. For both CEMAC and WAEMU, our results indicate that: (i) the fundamentals account for most of the fluctuation of the real effective exchange rates, with increases in the terms of trade, government consumption, and productivity improvements causing the exchange rate to appreciate, and increases in investment and openness leading to a depreciation; (ii) at end-2005 both the CEMAC and WAEMU real effective exchange rates were broadly in line with their long-run equilibrium values; and (iii) following a shock, reversion to equilibrium is twice as fast in WAEMU than in CEMAC.
    Note: "October 2006." , ""Contents""; ""I. INTRODUCTION""; ""II. BACKGROUND""; ""III. METHODOLOGY AND DATA""; ""IV. EMPIRICAL RESULTS""; ""V. CONCLUSION""; ""REFERENCES"" , English
    Additional Edition: ISBN 1-4518-6496-5
    Language: English
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C.] :International Monetary Fund,
    UID:
    almafu_9958104446102883
    Format: 1 online resource (410 p.)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 1-4552-6102-5 , 1-4519-9866-X , 1-283-53603-X , 9786613848482 , 1-4519-2674-X
    Series Statement: Books
    Content: About one-third of countries covered by the IMF's African Department are members of the CFA franc zone. With most other countries moving away from fixed exchange rates, the issue of an adequate policy framework to ensure the sustainability of the CFA franc zone is clearly of interest to policymakers and academics. However, little academic research exists in the public domain. This book aims to fill this void, by bringing together work undertaken in the context of intensified regional surveillance, and highlighting the current challenges and the main policy requirements if the arrangements are to be carried forward. The book is based on empirical research by a broad group of IMF economists, with contributions from several outside experts.
    Note: Description based upon print version of record. , Overview / , Monetary policy in a currency union? : the case of CEMAC / , Long-run determinants of inflation in WAEMU / , Fiscal reaction functions in the CFA franc Zone / , Reserve adequacy in the CFA franc zone / , Economic fundamentals and the CFA franc zone real exchange rates / , Competitiveness in the CFA franc zone / , What is fuzzy about clustering in West Africa? / , Financial sector integration in WAEMU / , Banking sector integration and competition in CEMAC / , Growth and convergence in the CFA franc zone / , Trade in CEMAC : developments and reform opportunities / , Trade in WAEMU : developments and reform opportunities / , English
    Additional Edition: ISBN 1-58906-675-8
    Language: English
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