UID:
edoccha_9960073709202883
Format:
1 online resource (296 p.)
ISBN:
0-444-63811-3
,
0-444-59504-X
Content:
Biorefineries outlines the processes and steps to successfully scale up production of two types of biofuels, butanol and ethanol, from cellulosic residues for commercial purposes. It covers practical topics, including biomass availability, pretreatment, fermentation, and water recycling, as well as policy and economic factors. This reflects the unique expertise of the editor team, whose backgrounds range from wood and herbaceous feedstocks to process economics and industrial expertise. The strategies presented in this book help readers to design integrated and efficient processes to reduce the cost of production and achieve an economically viable end product Outlines the economic benefits of designing a single operational process. Includes all currently available processes on pretreatment, fermentation and recovery Covers all pretreatment, fermentation, and product recovery options Focuses on biofuels but acts as a stepping stone to develop cost-efficient processes for an array of commodity chemicals.
Note:
Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph
,
Front Cover -- Biorefineries: Integrated Biochemical Processes for Liquid Biofuels -- Copyright -- Contents -- Contributors -- Preface -- About the Editors -- Part I: Cellulosic Biomass Processing & -- Biorefinery Road Map -- Chapter 1: An Overview of Existing Individual Unit Operations -- 1.1. Introduction -- 1.2. Biochemical Processes -- 1.2.1. Biomass Pretreatment Technologies and Their Challenges -- 1.2.2. Physical Pretreatment -- 1.2.3. Chemical and Physicochemical Pretreatment -- 1.2.4. Biological Pretreatment -- 1.3. Enzymatic Hydrolysis -- 1.3.1. Enzymatic Processes -- 1.3.2. Factors Affecting the Enzymatic Process -- 1.4. Ethanol Production by Fermentation -- 1.4.1. Process Requirements for Ethanol-Fermenting Organisms -- 1.4.2. Fermentation Operations and Processes -- 1.4.3. Fermentation Inhibitors -- 1.4.4. Product Recovery -- 1.4.5. Methods for Breaking the Azeotrope -- 1.5. Butanol Production by Fermentation -- 1.5.1. Processes for n -Butanol Production -- 1.5.2. Fermentation Modes of Operation -- 1.5.3. Recovery and In Situ Separation -- 1.5.4. Detoxification of Inhibitory Compounds -- 1.5.5. Strain Improvement -- 1.6. Thermochemical Conversion -- 1.6.1. Initial Processes-Preparation Stages -- 1.6.2. Thermochemical Treatment-Gasification -- 1.6.3. Cleaning and Conditioning of Syngas -- 1.6.4. Product Manufacturing Stage-Catalytic Reaction and Syngas Fermentation -- 1.6.5. Syngas Fermentation -- 1.7. Perspectives -- References -- Chapter 2: Biomass for Biorefining: Resources, Allocation, Utilization, and Policies -- 2.1. Introduction -- 2.1.1. Role of Biomass -- 2.1.2. Biomass Availability -- 2.1.3. Allocation of Supply -- 2.1.4. Overcoming Utilization Issues -- 2.1.5. Policies and Statutes -- 2.2. Biomass Resources -- 2.2.1. Types of Biomass -- 2.2.2. Supply of Biomass -- 2.2.3. Production of Biomass -- 2.3. Biomass Allocation.
,
2.3.1. Uses of Biomass -- 2.3.2. Biomass Logistics -- 2.4. Biomass Utilization -- 2.4.1. Pretreatment of Biomass -- 2.4.2. Genetic Modification of Biomass -- 2.4.3. Biomass Sites of Use -- 2.5. Biomass Policies -- 2.5.1. Biofuel Policies -- 2.5.2. Land Use and GHG Requirements -- 2.5.3. Regulation of Genetic Engineering -- 2.6. Perspectives -- References -- Chapter 3: Biorefinery Roadmaps -- 3.1. Introduction: The Biorefinery Vision for Energy, Chemical, and Material Sustainability -- 3.2. Sustainability as a New Business Model -- 3.3. Achieving Integrated Processing -- 3.4. Perspectives -- References -- Chapter 4: Integration of (Hemi)-Cellulosic Biofuels Technologies with Chemical Pulp Production -- 4.1. Integrated Forest Biorefinery Concepts -- 4.1.1. Woody Biomass as a Multiproduct Feedstock -- 4.1.2. Opportunities for Integration -- 4.1.3. Recovery and Utilization of Non-Hemicellulose Fractions -- 4.2. Hemicelluloses Derived from Chemical Pulping Processes -- 4.2.1. Hemicelluloses -- 4.2.2. Hemicelluloses from Thermomechanical Pulping and Chemomechanical Pulping -- 4.2.3. Hemicelluloses from Sulfite Pulping -- 4.2.4. Hemicelluloses from Dissolving Pulp Production -- 4.2.5. Hemicellulose Preextractions Prior to Pulping: Autohydrolysis -- 4.2.6. Hemicellulose Preextractions Prior to Pulping: Alkaline Extraction -- 4.3. Integration of Hemicellulose Recovery and Utilization -- 4.3.1. Processing Options for the Generation of Products from Recovered Polymeric Hemicellulose -- 4.3.2. Processing Options for the Generation of Products from Hemicellulose Monomers -- 4.4. Perspectives -- References -- Chapter 5: Integrated Processes for Product Recovery -- 5.1. Introduction -- 5.2. Alternative Product Recovery Techniques -- 5.2.1. Adsorption -- 5.2.2. Liquid-liquid Extraction -- 5.2.3. Pervaporation -- 5.2.3.1. Liquid membranes.
,
5.2.3.2. Silicalite composite membranes -- 5.2.4. Vacuum Fermentation and Simultaneous Recovery -- 5.2.5. Gas Stripping -- 5.2.6. Use of Other Separation Techniques -- 5.3. Integrated Product Recovery Processes -- 5.3.1. Ethanol -- 5.3.2. Butanol -- 5.3.3. 2,3-Butanediol -- 5.3.3.1. Recovery by pervaporation -- 5.3.3.2. Recovery by phase salting out -- 5.3.3.3. Removal of butanediol by extraction -- 5.3.3.4. Recovery of 2,3-butanediol by solvent extraction and pervaporation -- 5.4. Perspectives -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Part II: Cellulosic Ethanol -- Chapter 6: Development of Growth-Arrested Bioprocesses with Corynebacterium glutamicum for Cellulosic Ethanol Production from C -- 6.1. Introduction -- 6.2. What is a Growth-Arrested bioprocess? -- 6.2.1. Characteristics of Growth-Arrested Bioprocesses -- 6.2.2. Process Design Options for Growth-Arrested Bioprocesses -- 6.3. Research and Development for Cellulosic Ethanol Production by C. glutamicum -- 6.3.1. Metabolic Engineering for Highly Efficient Conversion of Sugar Mixtures -- 6.3.2. Tolerance to Fermentation Inhibitors Derived from Lignocellulosic Biomass -- 6.4. Other Applications of Growth-Arrested Bioprocess in Biorefineries -- 6.4.1. Amino Acids -- 6.4.2. Isobutanol -- 6.4.3. D-Lactic Acid -- 6.5. Perspectives -- References -- Chapter 7: Consolidated Bioprocessing for Ethanol Production -- 7.1. Introduction -- 7.2. Biochemical Processes for Ethanol Production from Cellulosic Biomass -- 7.2.1. Pretreatment -- 7.2.2. Cellulase Production -- 7.2.3. Enzymatic Hydrolysis -- 7.2.4. Microbial Fermentation -- 7.2.5. Product Recovery -- 7.3. Development of Biomass Processing Configurations -- 7.4. Aspects of Consolidated Bioprocessing -- 7.4.1. Economic Benefits of CBP -- 7.4.1.1. The effects of microbe-enzyme synergy in CBP -- 7.4.1.2. The use of thermophiles in CBP.
,
7.5. Approaches to Developing CBP-enabling Microorganisms -- 7.5.1. The Native Strategy for Developing CBP-enabling Microorganisms -- 7.5.2. The Recombinant Strategy for Developing CBP-enabling Microorganisms -- 7.6. Perspectives -- References -- Chapter 8: Integration of Ethanol Fermentation with Second Generation Biofuels Technologies -- 8.1. Integration of Fermentation into Cellulosic Biofuel Processes -- 8.2. Fermentation Approaches Employed in First-Generation Ethanol Processes -- 8.2.1. Processes for First-Generation Ethanol -- 8.2.2. Mode of Operation and Cell Recycle -- 8.3. Integration of Lignocellulose Hydrolyzate Fermentation -- 8.3.1. Hydrolyzate-Derived Inhibitors -- 8.3.2. Xylose Fermentation -- 8.3.3. High-Solids Integration and Fermentation Mode of Operation -- 8.3.4. Examples of Fermentation Integration in Cellulosic Biofuel Processes -- 8.4. Aerobic Yeast Cultivation for the Production of Cell Mass -- 8.4.1. Production of Yeast Cell Mass from Sugar and Starch Streams -- 8.4.2. Generation of Cell Mass from Hydrolyzates -- 8.5. Case Study: Aerobic Cultivation of S. cerevisiae TMB-3400-FT30-3 on Dilute Acid-Pretreated Softwood Hydrolyzate -- 8.5.1. Media Requirements for Aerobic Growth -- 8.6. Perspectives -- References -- Part III: Cellulosic Butanol -- Chapter 9: Mixed Sugar Fermentation by Clostridia and Metabolic Engineering for Butanol Production -- 9.1. Introduction -- 9.2. Mixed-Sugar Fermentation by Solventogenic Clostridia -- 9.3. Metabolic Engineering of Solventogenic Clostridia for Butanol Production -- 9.3.1. Simultaneous and Efficient Use of Pentose and Hexose Sugars -- 9.3.2. Production of Enhanced Levels of Butanol -- 9.3.3. Elimination of Acetone Production -- 9.4. Perspectives -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 10: Integrated Bioprocessing and Simultaneous Product Recovery for Butanol Production.
,
10.1. Introduction -- 10.2. Recovery of Butanol by Adsorption -- 10.2.1. Use of Glucose -- 10.3. Recovery of Butanol by Extraction -- 10.3.1. Use of Glucose -- 10.3.2. Use of Whey Permeate -- 10.3.3. Extractive Production of Butanol from Lignocelluloses -- 10.4. Recovery of Butanol by Perstraction -- 10.4.1. Use of Glucose -- 10.4.2. Use of Potato Waste -- 10.4.3. Use of Whey Permeate or Lactose -- 10.4.4. Use of Lignocellulosic Biomass -- 10.4.4.1. Simultaneous saccharification, fermentation, and recovery -- 10.5. Separation of Butanol by Gas Stripping -- 10.5.1. Use of Whey Permeate -- 10.5.2. Use of Glucose -- 10.5.3. Use of Cellulosic Hydrolyzates and Cellulosic Biomass -- 10.6. Recovery of Butanol by Reverse Osmosis -- 10.6.1. Use of Glucose -- 10.7. Recovery of Butanol by Pervaporation -- 10.7.1. Use of Glucose -- 10.7.2. Use of Whey Permeate -- 10.8. Recovery of Butanol Using a Vacuum -- 10.8.1. Use of Glucose -- 10.9. Process Economics of Butanol Production -- 10.10. Perspectives -- References -- Chapter 11: Integrated Production of Butanol from Glycerol -- 11.1. Introduction: Glycerol Glut -- 11.1.1. Value-Added Conversion of Glycerol -- 11.2. Glycerol-to-Butanol Conversion -- 11.2.1. Improving Product Yield and Productivity -- 11.2.2. Butanol Toxicity and Extractive Fermentation -- 11.3. Integrated Biorefinery -- 11.4. Perspectives -- References -- Part IV: Process Economics & -- Farm-Based Biorefinery -- Chapter 12: Process Economics of Renewable Biorefineries: Butanol and Ethanol Production in Integrated Bioprocesses from Lignoc -- 12.1. Introduction -- 12.2. Program for Material and Energy Balance and Economic Analysis -- 12.3. Process Development and Economics of Butanol Production from Corn -- 12.4. Process Economics of Butanol Production from Glycerol -- 12.5. Economics of Butanol Production from Lignocellulosic Biomass.
,
12.6. Economics of Ethanol Production from Corn and Lignocellulosic Biomass.
,
English
Additional Edition:
ISBN 1-322-16700-1
Additional Edition:
ISBN 0-444-59498-1
Language:
English
Bookmarklink
