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  • 1
    UID:
    almahu_9949191468002882
    Format: 1 online resource (294 pages)
    ISBN: 9780821389362
    Series Statement: Latin America and Caribbean Studies
    Content: Durante las decadas de 1980 y 1990, el sector financiero constituyo el talon de Aquiles del desarrollo economico en America Latina y el Caribe (ALC). Desde entonces, el sector ha crecido y se ha profundizado, volviendose mas integrado y competitivo, con nuevos actores, mercados e instrumentos y una ampliacion de la inclusion financiera. Para coronar estos logros, los sistemas financieros de la region han atravesado la crisis global de 2008-2009 en gran medida ilesos. Ahora que los beneficios de la estabilidad macrofinanciera de ALC estan siendo ampliamente reconocidos y puestos a prueba, parece ser el momento ideal para hacer un balance y analizar lo que resta por hacer. El Desarrollo Financiero en America Latina y el Caribe: El Camino por Delante provee un analisis balanceado, con miras al futuro, sobre el desarrollo financiero de la region. En lugar de perderse en discusiones sectoriales especificas, el reporte se enfoca en los principales elementos estructurales, perspectivas generales y sus interconexiones. El valor agregado de este reporte descansa entonces en su vision holistica del proceso de desarrollo; en su cobertura amplia de la industria de servicios financieros (tomada como un todo, sin centrarse exclusivamente en el sector bancario); en su enfasis en un enfoque comparativo, relativo a valores de referencia; en su perspectiva sistemica; y en su esfuerzo explicito de incorporar las lecciones de la crisis financiera internacional de 2008-2009. El Desarrollo Financiero en America Latina y el Caribe: El Camino por Delante a su vez expande y complementa la vision global de una serie de estudios publicados durante la ultima decada sobre el desarrollo financiero, tanto sobre los paises de ALC como sobre otros paises en vias de desarrollo. Este reporte resultara de especial interes para hacedores de politica y analistas financieros interesados en impulsar el desarrollo del sector financiero de la region.
    Additional Edition: Print Version: ISBN 9780821394908
    Language: Spanish
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 2
    UID:
    b3kat_BV048266859
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (55 p)
    ISBN: 9781464803185
    Series Statement: Latin American and Caribbean Semiannual Report
    Content: As usual in this series, Chapter 1 reviews the configuration of global risks and assesses the outstanding short term opportunities and challenges facing the LAC region. A special focus is placed this time around on the difference between exposure and vulnerability to exogenous shocks, with the latter assessed by adjusting exposure for a country's shock absorption policy capacity. Given the global context and associated concerns with capital flow volatility, in Chapter 2 we take a look at the comparatively more stable components of international flows: FDI and Remittances. The cyclicality and volatility, as well as the joint determinants of FDI and Remittances are reviewed
    Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe ISBN 9781464802867
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 3
    UID:
    b3kat_BV048270811
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (1 Seiten)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Content: There are three stakeholders in a public-private partnership (PPP), (a) the government in office, (b) private firms (financial and non-financial) and investors (individual and institutional), and (c) final beneficiaries (taxpayers or users, present and future). The raison detre of PPPs is threefold: (i) to crowd in private firms and investors into projects that they will otherwise not undertake; (ii) to transfer to the private sector a significant part of the risks and costs that the government would otherwise fully absorb; and (iii) to ensure that the projects efficiency/quality is at least equal to that obtained if the government alone carried all costs and risks. Important (yet often ignored) implications follow. First, outsourcing (e.g., construction and maintenance) to the private sector does not by itself constitute a PPP if all risks and costs are, in one way or another, still borne by the government. Second, a PPP does not reduce total risk; it simply distributes it differently, involving private sector firms and investors. Third, the total costs borne by the final beneficiaries would be lower under a PPP (compared to a project whose costs and risks rest completely in the governments balance sheet) only if the PPP achieves efficiency gains; otherwise, what beneficiaries save in taxes they will pay in user fees, although, under a PPP, more of the costs would be assigned to direct beneficiaries/users, than to taxpayers at large. Fourth, that a PPP can provide (cash) budget relief may be a welcome corollary for the government in office but it is not a core objective of a PPP
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    UID:
    b3kat_BV048269765
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (63 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Content: Latin America's historically low saving rates and sub-par growth performance raise the question of whether the region should save more to grow faster. Economists generally resist acknowledging a policy-exploitable causal connection going from saving to growth because domestic saving is perceived to be fully endogenous, optimally determined, or fully substitutable by foreign saving. However, to the extent that these three assumptions do not hold, three channels can be established through which higher domestic saving-by curbing persistent current account deficits-can promote medium-term growth. The channels are first, a real interest rate channel, whereby higher saving reduces the cost of capital and enhances macro sustainability; second, a real exchange rate channel, through which higher saving leads to a more competitive real exchange rate; and third, an endogenous saving channel, whereby saving follows growth and, hence, subsequently compounds the effect of the first two channels. Econometric evidence supports all three channels and suggests that the lower-saving countries in Latin America and the Caribbean, especially those with recurrently weak balance of payments and persistent domestic demand pressures on the non-tradable sector, would benefit the most from boosting their saving rates
    Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe de la Torre, Augusto Should Latin America Save More to Grow Faster? Washington, D.C : The World Bank, 2015
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 5
    UID:
    b3kat_BV048267782
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Latin America and Caribbean Semiannual Report
    Content: This report, produced by the Office of the Chief Economist for Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) of the World Bank, examines LAC's challenges as the global economy settles to an equilibrium with lower growth and lower commodity prices. Chapter 1 gives an overview of the world economy and how it affects LAC's short and medium-term prospects. It argues that LAC suffered an external shock that shaped growth in recent years, and that the current global context is likely here to stay. Many LAC countries experienced significant depreciations which in principle should help adjust to the new equilibrium. The extent to which these depreciations facilitate a soft landing, however, depends on a number of factors. Chapter 2 explores the response of LAC's trade to the recent depreciations and the role it could play in facilitating a recovery. It examines if there are early signs of an export recovery and whether the region's increased dependence on commodity exports could hinder LAC's recovery
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    UID:
    b3kat_BV048267788
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Content: In this study, the authors analyze where we stand and where we are heading on capital market development. More specifically, this study has three main goals. First, the authors take stock of the state and evolution of Latin American capital markets and related reforms, over time and relative to other countries. Second, authors analyze the factors driving the development of capital markets, with particular interest on measuring the impact of reforms. Third, in light of this analysis, authors discuss the prospects for capital market development in Latin America and emerging economies in general, and the implications for the reform agenda going forward. To understand the state and future of capital markets in developing countries, the report consists of three additional chapters. Chapter two documents the main developments in international financial markets and the increasing globalization process. The chapter also describes the influence of these worldwide trends on Latin America, with particular attention to the effects on the policies and reforms adopted. Chapter three evaluates the factors behind the development (or lack of development) of capital markets. The chapter first studies how different macroeconomic and institutional variables affect the development of domestic stock and bond markets and their internationalization. The second part of chapter three analyzes the effects of reforms on capital markets. The chapter finishes by examining whether the experience of Latin America is similar to that of other regions. Finally, chapter four discusses the future of capital markets in developing countries, the policy implications, and the lessons for the reform agenda
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 7
    UID:
    almahu_9949191467402882
    Format: 1 online resource (83 pages)
    Series Statement: LAC Semiannual Report
    Content: Este informe semestral, producido por la Oficina del Economista Jefe para America Latina y el Caribe del Banco Mundial, examina los retos a los que America Latina y el Caribe (LAC por sus siglas en ingles, Latin America and the Caribbean) se enfrentan en el corto y medio plazo conforme pierden fuerza los factores externos que resultaron decisivos para el desempeno reciente. En concreto, el informe analiza el papel del tipo de cambio como herramienta contra-ciclica para amortiguar los choques externos negativos. Como es costumbre en esta serie, el Capitulo 1 repasa el estado de la economia mundial y sus implicaciones para las perspectivas de corto y medio plazo de LAC. Ademas, examina las vulnerabilidades de la region en un periodo en que los vientos favorables estan amainando. El Capitulo 2 describe el nuevo papel del tipo de cambio en LAC como amortiguador de choques en el marco de las transformaciones importantes que la region ha realizado en el frente macrofinanciero durante la ultima decada. Finalmente, el Capitulo 3 analiza pormenorizadamente las politicas de intervencion para suavizar el tipo de cambio.
    Additional Edition: Print Version: ISBN 9781464801174
    Language: Spanish
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 8
    UID:
    b3kat_BV048266010
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (58 p)
    Content: This paper examines the conceptual foundations of macroprudential policy by reviewing the literature on financial frictions from a policy perspective that systematically links state interventions to market failures. The method consists in gradually incorporating into the Arrow-Debreu world a variety of frictions and sources of aggregate volatility and combining them along three basic dimensions: purely idiosyncratic vs. aggregate volatility, full vs. bounded rationality, and internalized vs. uninternalized externalities. The analysis thereby obtains eight "domains," four of which include aggregate volatility, hence call for macroprudential policy variants grounded on largely orthogonal rationales. Two of them emerge even assuming that externalities are internalized: one aims at offsetting the public moral hazard implications of (efficient but time inconsistent) post-crisis policy interventions, the other at maintaining principal-agent incentives continuously aligned along the cycle. Allowing for uninternalized externalities justifies two additional types of macroprudential policy, one aimed at aligning private and social interests, the other at tempering mood swings. Choosing a proper regulatory path is complicated by the fact that the relevance of frictions is likely to be state-dependent and that different frictions motivate different (and often conflicting) policies
    Additional Edition: De la Torre, Augusto The Foundations of Macroprudential Regulation
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 9
    UID:
    b3kat_BV048266011
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (20 p)
    Content: This paper explores the conceptual foundations of macroprudential policy. It does so within a framework that gradually incorporates and interacts two types of frictions (principal-agent and collective action) with two forms of rationality (full and bounded), all in the context of aggregate volatility. Four largely orthogonal rationales for macroprudential policy are identified. The first (time consistency macroprudential) arises even in the absence of externalities, not to prevent financial crises but to offset the moral hazard implications of (efficient but time inconsistent) post-crisis policy interventions. The second (dynamic alignment macroprudential) protects the less sophisticated (boundedly rational) market participants by maintaining principal-agent incentives continuously aligned along the cycle and in the face of aggregate shocks. The third (collective action macroprudential) responds to the socially inefficient yet rational instability resulting from uninternalized externalities. The fourth (collective cognition macroprudential) aims at tempering non-rational mood swings where credit-constrained rational arbitrageurs fail. Finding the right policy balance is complicated by the fact that the four dimensions face policy trade-offs and their relative importance is state-dependent, hence shifts over time
    Additional Edition: De la Torre, Augusto The Rhyme and Reason for Macroprudential Policy
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 10
    UID:
    b3kat_BV048266271
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (53 p)
    Content: This paper discusses the theoretical arguments in favor of and against economic globalization and, with a view to ascertaining whether Latin America may be able to capture the globalization upside, examines the trends and salient features of Latin America's globalization as compared with that of Southeast Asia. The paper focuses on trade and financial integration as well as the aggregate demand structures (domestic demand-driven versus external demand-driven) that underpin the globalization process. It finds that Latin America is mitigating some bad side effects of financial globalization by moving toward a safer form of international financial integration and improving its macro-financial policy frameworks. Nonetheless, Latin America's progress in raising the quality of its international trade integration has been scant. The region's commodity-heavy trade structures and relatively poor quality of trade connectivity can hinder growth potential to the extent that they are less conducive to technology and learning spillovers. Moreover, Latin America's domestic demand-driven growth pattern (a reflection of relatively low domestic savings) may become an additional drag to growth by accentuating the risk of a low savings-low external competitiveness trap
    Additional Edition: de la Torre, Augusto Can Latin America Tap the Globalization Upside?
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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