Format:
Online-Ressource (XII, 130 p. 14 illus., 13 illus. in color, digital)
ISBN:
9783642366482
Series Statement:
Research and Perspectives in Neurosciences 20
Content:
The recent advances in Programming Somatic Cell (PSC) including induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPS) and Induced Neuronal phenotypes (iN), has changed the experimental landscape and opened new possibilities. The advances in PSC have provided an important tool for the study of human neuronal function as well as neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental diseases in live human neurons in a controlled environment. For example, reprogramming cells from patients with neurological diseases allows the study of molecular pathways particular to specific subtypes of neurons such as dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson’s Disease, Motor neurons for Amyolateral Sclerosis or myelin for Multiple Sclerosis. In addition, because PSC technology allows for the study of human neurons during development, disease-specific pathways can be investigated prior to and during disease onset. Detecting disease-specific molecular signatures in live human brain cells, opens possibilities for early intervention therapies and new diagnostic tools. Importantly, it is now feasible to obtain gene expression profiles from neurons that capture the genetic uniqueness of each patient. Importantly, once the neurological neural phenotype is detected in vitro, the so-called “disease-in-a-dish” approach allows for the screening of drugs that can ameliorate the disease-specific phenotype. New therapeutic drugs could either act on generalized pathways in all patients or be patient-specific and used in a personalized medicine approach. However, there are a number of pressing issues that need to be addressed and resolved before PSC technology can be extensively used for clinically relevant modeling of neurological diseases
Note:
Includes bibliographical references and index
,
Programmed Cells from Basic Neuroscience to Therapy; Acknowledgments; Contents; Contributors; iPS Cell Technology and Disease Research: Issues To Be Resolved; Strategies for Deriving Reprogramming Factor-Free hiPS Cells; Genetic Modification of hES Cells and hiPS Cells; Markers for Differentiation; Generation of Isogenic Pairs of Disease-Specific and Control Cells; Outlook; References; Therapeutic Somatic Cell Reprogramming by Nuclear Transfer; Therapeutic Limitations of Reprogramming Techniques; NT to Enucleated Eggs; NT to Oocytes; Potential Therapeutic Benefits of NT Reprogramming
,
ReferencesInduction of Neural Lineages from Mesoderm and Endoderm by Defined Transcription Factors; Introduction; Direct Reprogramming of Mouse Fibroblasts to Neurons; iN Cells from Definitive Endoderm; Can Human Fibroblasts Be Converted to Neuronal Cells?; Induction of Specific Neuronal Subtypes from Fibroblasts; Conversion of Fibroblasts into Neural Precursor Cells; Summary; References; Proposing a Model for Studying Primate Development Using Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells; Introduction; Identifying Differences Between Human and NHP Brains; iPSC Technology and Neural Differentiation
,
Phenotypical Assays for Comparative StudiesConclusion and Perspectives; References; HTT Evolution and Brain Development; The Evolutionary History of htt; Htt in Protostomes; Htt in Deuterostomes; Origin and Evolution of the htt polyQ in Deuterostomes; Htt Domains: A Focus on the NH2-Terminus; The Emerging Pro-neurulation Function of htt During Deuterostome Evolution; ADAM10, A New Target of htt in Neurulation; Conclusions; References; Human Pluripotent and Multipotent Stem Cells as Tools for Modeling Neurodegeneration; Introduction; lt-NES Cells as a Tool for hPSC-Based Disease Modeling
,
AD: Assessing and Modulating Endogenous Abeta Formation in Human NeuronsMachado-Joseph Disease: The Excitation-Aggregation Connection; Conclusion; References; Human Stem Cell Approaches to Understanding and Treating Alzheimer´s Disease; Introduction; Human IPSC Models of FAD; The Problem of Genetic Background and Sporadic AD; Some Prospects for the Future; References; Potential of Stem Cell-Derived Motor Neurons for Modeling Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS); Motor Neuron Degeneration in ALS; Motor Neuron Subtype-Selective Disease Phenotypes; Need for a Humanized Model of ALS
,
Anatomy and Molecular Markers of Human Motor Neurons and Their SubtypesSpecification of Motor Neurons in Vitro from ES Cells; Yield and Purity of hES Cell-Derived Motor Neurons; Application of Stem Cell-Derived Motor Neurons to the Study of ALS; Concerns About Using iPS Cells as an Approach for Modeling ALS; Conclusion and Perspectives; References; Using Pluripotent Stem Cells to Decipher Mechanisms and Identify Treatments for Diseases That Affect the Brain; Modeling Monogenic Diseases with ES Cell Lines Derived from PGD Embryos; Monogenic Diseases Modeling Using Human iPS Cells
,
Cell-Based Models for Identification and Testing Therapies
Additional Edition:
ISBN 9783642366475
Additional Edition:
Druckausg. Programmed cells from basic neuroscience to therapy Berlin : Springer, 2013 ISBN 9783642366475
Language:
English
Subjects:
Biology
Keywords:
Nervenzelle
;
Pluripotenz
;
Zelldifferenzierung
;
Zellkultur
;
Konferenzschrift
DOI:
10.1007/978-3-642-36648-2
URL:
Volltext
(lizenzpflichtig)
Author information:
Christen, Yves 1948-
Author information:
Gage, Fred 1950-
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