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  • 1
    UID:
    almafu_BV048602932
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (112 Seiten, 160193 KB) : , Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten.
    Content: Precipitation as the central meteorological feature for agriculture, water security, and human well-being amongst others, has gained special attention ever since. Lack of precipitation may have devastating effects such as crop failure and water scarcity. Abundance of precipitation, on the other hand, may as well result in hazardous events such as flooding and again crop failure. Thus, great effort has been spent on tracking changes in precipitation and relating them to underlying processes. Particularly in the face of global warming and given the link between temperature and atmospheric water holding capacity, research is needed to understand the effect of climate change on precipitation. The present work aims at understanding past changes in precipitation and other meteorological variables. Trends were detected for various time periods and related to associated changes in large-scale atmospheric circulation. The results derived in this thesis may be used as the foundation for attributing changes in floods to climate change.…
    Note: kumulative Dissertation , Dissertation Universität Potsdam 2018
    Language: English
    Keywords: Flusssystem ; Niederschlagsmessung ; Trendanalyse ; Wetterlage ; Hochschulschrift ; Hochschulschrift ; Hochschulschrift ; Hochschulschrift
    Author information: Kunstmann, Harald 1968-
    Author information: Merz, Bruno
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  • 2
    UID:
    kobvindex_GFZ1679226169
    Format: 112 Seiten , Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten
    Content: Precipitation as the central meteorological feature for agriculture, water security, and human well-being amongst others, has gained special attention ever since. Lack of precipitation may have devastating effects such as crop failure and water scarcity. Abundance of precipitation, on the other hand, may as well result in hazardous events such as flooding and again crop failure. Thus, great effort has been spent on tracking changes in precipitation and relating them to underlying processes. Particularly in the face of global warming and given the link between temperature and atmospheric water holding capacity, research is needed to understand the effect of climate change on precipitation. The present work aims at understanding past changes in precipitation and other meteorological variables. Trends were detected for various time periods and related to associated changes in large-scale atmospheric circulation. The results derived in this thesis may be used as the foundation for attributing changes in floods to climate change.…
    Note: kumulative Dissertation , Dissertation Universität Potsdam 2017 , Contents Summary 1. Introduction 1.1 Background 1.1.1 Precipitation changes 1.1.2 Large-scale atmospheric patterns 1.2 Objectives and research questions 1.3 Thesis outline and author contribution High spatial and temporal organization of changes inprecipitation over Germany for 1951–2006 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Data 2.3 Methods 2.3.1 Threshold between wet and dry days 2.3.2 Derivation of time series of precipitation characteristics 2.3.3 Trend analyses under consideration of temporal and spatial correlation 2.3.4 Visualization of results 2.4 Results and discussion 2.4.1 Changes in total precipitation 2.4.2 Changes in mean, variability, and heavy precipitation indicators 2.4.3 Transition probabilities 2.4.4 Seven-day precipitation amount with return period 100 years 2.5 Conclusions Can local climate variability be explained by weatherpatterns? A multi-station evaluation for the Rhine basin 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Data 3.3 Methods 3.3.1 Weather pattern classification 3.3.2 Finding optimal classification parameters 3.3.3 Evaluation of classifications 3.4 Results 3.4.1 Stratification of local climate variables 3.4.2 Performance of GCMs 3.5 Discussion 3.5.1 On the optimal classification 3.5.2 On the skill of GCMs 3.6 Conclusions 3.7 Data availability 3.A Appendix Do changing weather types explain observed climatictrends in the Rhine basin? An analysis of within andbetween-type changes 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Data and weather pattern classification 4.3 Methods 4.3.1 Relationship of WPs and large-scale circulation modes 4.3.2 Trend detection methods 4.3.3 Relative share of between- and within-type changes 4.4 Results 4.4.1 Attribution of WPs to large-scale circulation modes 4.4. 2Between-Type Changes 4.4.3 Within-Type Changes 4.4.4 Relative share of between- and within-type changes 4.5 Discussion and conclusions 4.A Appendix 4.S Supplementary Discussion and conclusions 5.1 Main results 5.2 Discussion and directions for further research 5.2.1 Weather pattern classification for downscaling 5.2.2 Limitations for downscaling 5.3 Concluding remarks Bibliography
    Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als
    Language: English
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift
    Author information: Kunstmann, Harald 1968-
    Author information: Merz, Bruno
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  • 3
    UID:
    gbv_1679229850
    Format: 112 Seiten , Illustrationen, Diagramme
    Content: Precipitation as the central meteorological feature for agriculture, water security, and human well-being amongst others, has gained special attention ever since. Lack of precipitation may have devastating effects such as crop failure and water scarcity. Abundance of precipitation, on the other hand, may as well result in hazardous events such as flooding and again crop failure. Thus, great effort has been spent on tracking changes in precipitation and relating them to underlying processes. Particularly in the face of global warming and given the link between temperature and atmospheric water holding capacity, research is needed to understand the effect of climate change on precipitation. The present work aims at understanding past changes in precipitation and other meteorological variables. Trends were detected for various time periods and related to associated changes in large-scale atmospheric circulation. The results derived in this thesis may be used as the foundation for attributing changes in floods to climate change.…
    Note: kumulative Dissertation , Dissertation Universität Potsdam 2018
    Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe Murawski, Aline Trends in precipitation over Germany and the Rhine basin related to changes in weather patterns Potsdam, 2017
    Language: English
    Keywords: Niederschlagsmessung ; Hochschulschrift
    Author information: Kunstmann, Harald 1968-
    Author information: Merz, Bruno
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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  • 4
    UID:
    gbv_1724634046
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (61 Seiten, 0,89 MB) , Illustrationen, Diagramme
    Series Statement: Umwelt & Gesundheit 2020, 04
    Content: In der Deutschen Umweltstudie zur Gesundheit von Erwachsenen werden Befragungen zu expositionsrelevanten Verhaltensweisen und Lebensbedingungen im Zusammenhang mit verschiedenen Untersuchungen im Haushalt der Teilnehmenden durchgeführt. Um die Aufenthaltszeit der Interviewenden im Haushalt und damit die Inanspruchnahme der Teilnehmenden zu verringern, werden einige Teile der Befragung bisher als Selbstausfüllfragebogen in Papierform (SAF) vorab in die Haushalte gegeben. Im Gegensatz zu SAF bieten Online-Fragebögen (OFB) bspw. den Vorteil, dass erste Datenprüfungen zur Qualitätssicherung (z.B. Plausibilitätsprüfungen) bereits während der Beantwortung der Fragen implementiert werden können. Dies vereinfacht bzw. ersetzt die anschließende Datenprüfung bei gleichzeitiger Erhöhung der Datenqualität. Des Weiteren wird die Datenübertragung und Datenumwandlung in das für die weitere Auswertung benötigte Format automatisiert und vereinfacht. Im bearbeiteten Forschungsvorhaben sollte daher die Machbarkeit der Ersetzung von Papierfragebögen durch OFB geprüft werden. Dazu wurden mit Hilfe eines Convenience-Samples (ngesamt 〉 400 Personen) beide Methoden hinsichtlich mehrerer Indikatoren mit Hilfe statistischer Methoden verglichen und bewertet. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass für die Fragebögen „Wohnung und Haushalt“ sowie „Gesundheitliches Befinden“ eine Überführung in OFB mit oben beschriebenen Vorteilen und ohne Informationsverlust bzw. –verzerrung möglich scheint. Die Protokollierung des Fragebogens zu den „Chemischen Innenraumluftverunreinigungen“ ist derzeit allerdings noch nicht für eine Bearbeitung als OFB hinsichtlich Rücklauf und Datenqualität geeignet, so dass dieser als SAF beibehalten werden sollte. Um insbesondere ältere Teilnehmende nicht von einer Beteiligung auszuschließen (fehlende technische oder persönliche Voraussetzungen), wird ein sequentielles Mixed-Mode-Design angeraten, bei dem zunächst den ProbandInnen der OFB präsentiert wird und im Fall einer Non-Response ein SAF als zusätzliche Option angeboten wird.
    Content: In the German Environmental Survey on adult health, surveys on exposure-related behaviors and living conditions are carried out in connection with various studies in the participants' households. In order to reduce the interviewers' time in the household and thus the use of the participants, some parts of the survey have so far been given to households as self-filling questionnaires in paper form (SAF). In contrast to SAF, online questionnaires (OFB) offer the advantage, for example, that the first data checks for quality assurance (e.g. plausibility checks) can be implemented while the questions are being answered. This simplifies or replaces the subsequent data check while increasing the data quality. Furthermore, data transmission and data conversion into the format required for further evaluation is automated and simplified. The feasibility of replacing paper questionnaires with OFB should therefore be examined in this research project. With the help of a convenience sample (total n 〉 400 participants), both methods were compared and evaluated with regard to several indicators using statistical methods. The results show that the questionnaires "Home and Household" and "Health Status" seem to be able to be transferred to OFB with the advantages described above and without loss or falsification of information. However, the protocol-like questionnaire on "Chemical indoor air pollution" is currently not suitable for processing as an OFB with regard to return and data quality, so it should be retained as an SAF. In order not to exclude in particular older participants from participation (because of lack of technical or personal requirements), a sequential mixed-mode design is recommended, in which the participants are presented an OFB in the first place followed by an SAF in case of a non-response as a second option.
    Note: Zusammenfassung in deutscher und englischer Sprache
    Language: German
    Keywords: Forschungsbericht
    Author information: Lippl, Maria
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  • 5
    UID:
    gbv_1839378115
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (472 Seiten, 8,73 MB) , Diagramme
    Series Statement: Umwelt und Gesundheit 2023, 02
    Content: In der Deutschen Umweltstudie zur Gesundheit (GerES) wird die Schadstoff-Belastung der Bevölkerung repräsentativ für die Menschen in Deutschland erhoben. In der fünften Erhebung, GerES V (2014–2017), wurden 2.294 Kinder und Jugendliche im Alter von 3 bis 17 Jahren aus 167 Orten in ganz Deutschland untersucht. GerES V ist eine bevölkerungsrepräsentative Querschnittstudie und wurde in enger Kooperation mit der "Studie zur Gesundheit von Kindern und Jugendlichen in Deutschland" (KiGGS Welle 2) des Robert-Koch-Instituts durchgeführt. Im Human-Biomonitoring (HBM) von GerES V wurden 107 verschiedene Substanzen im Blut bzw. Urin der Teilnehmenden gemessen. Der vorliegende Bericht fasst die HBM-Ergebnisse von GerES V zusammen. Bei Vorliegen entsprechender Beurteilungswerte wird eine gesundheitliche Bewertung vorgenommen. Der Bericht gibt einen Überblick über die Abläufe der Datenerhebung und die chemisch-analytischen und statistischen Methoden. Die wichtigsten Ergebnisse zu Belastungsquellen und -pfaden sowie besonders belasteten Bevölkerungsgruppen sind zusammengefasst und in aggregierter Form tabellarisch präsentiert. Für jede untersuchte Substanz werden außerdem die Quellen, die toxikologischen Eigenschaften und aktuellen Regulationen aufgeführt. Die bisherige Nutzung der Daten aus GerES V für Politik- und Öffentlichkeitsarbeit sowie in internationalen Kooperationen ist ebenfalls dargelegt.
    Content: The German Environmental Survey (GerES) monitors the exposure of the population in Germany to pollutants on a population-representative basis. In the fifth survey, GerES V (2014–2017), 2.294 children and adolescents aged 3 to 17 years from 167 municipalities in Germany were examined. GerES V is a population-representative cross-sectional study and was conducted in close cooperation with the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS Wave 2) of the Robert Koch Institute. In the human biomonitoring (HBM) of GerES V, 107 different substances were measured in blood or urine samples of the participants. The present report summarises the HBM results of GerES V. A health-related evaluation of HBM results is made for substances for which corresponding health-related guidance values exist. The report provides an overview on the survey procedures as well as the analytical and statistical methods. Important results on sources and pathways of exposure as well as particularly exposed sub-groups are summarised and presented in aggregated tabular form. For each substance, the sources, toxicological properties and current regulations are summarized as well. The use of GerES V data for policy advice and public relations as well as in international cooperation is also presented.
    Note: Abschlussdatum: Januar 2023 , Sprache der Zusammenfassung: Deutsch, Englisch
    Language: German
    Keywords: Forschungsbericht
    Author information: Debiak, Malgorzata 1976-
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