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• 1
Article
Language: English
In: Susy09: 7th International Conference on Supersymmetry and the Unification of Fundamental Interactions, Boston (Massachusetts) (5–10 June 2008):
In: AIP Conference Proceedings, 10 February 2010, Vol.1200(1), pp.301-304
Description: This document summarizes the sensitivity studies performed by ATLAS for the discovery of Supersymmetry based on inclusive searches, assuming 1  fb −1 of data and 14 TeV center‐of‐mass energy. Final states consisting of large missing transverse energy and multiple high energy jets were considered in different channels, depending on the presence of leptons or bottom quarks in the decay chains. The 5σ discovery potential of the searches was determined for different supersym‐metric models, taking into account estimated systematic uncertainties.
Keywords: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
ISBN: 978-0-7354-0737-4
ISSN: 0094-243X
E-ISSN: 1551-7616
Source: © 2010 American Institute of Physics (AIP)〈img src=http://exlibris-pub.s3.amazonaws.com/AIP_edited.gif style="vertical-align:middle;margin-left:7px"〉
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• 2
Article
Language: English
In: Ecological Modelling, 10 May 2014, Vol.279, pp.12-23
Description: This contribution develops and implements INDISIM- , a spatially explicit IBM model to analyze the dynamics of anaerobic cultures evolving in a liquid medium with glucose as a main carbon source and organic and inorganic nitrogen sources. The model has been parameterized, calibrated and its adequacy assessed using available experimental data. The growth of the yeast population and the glucose depletion were simulated, and changes in the ethanol production kinetics resulting from differences in the size distribution of the cells making up the inocula were examined in silico. Uncertainty on the initial estimated values of the model parameters was reduced by means of an iterative process involving a computational full factorial experiment, and the parameter values reproducing simultaneously glucose depletion and growth curves of batch cultures in two initial glucose concentrations were selected. The model adequacy was assessed with multiple both individual and population patterns not previously used in the calibration process carried out. Three virtual experiments were conducted from inocula with different cell size distributions. The maximum yeast cell number, the specific growth rate and the time to achieve the maximum ethanol produced were studied. Although the ethanol obtained was similar in the three studied situations, the time required to achieve it was significantly different, fermentations started by inocula made up of greater cells showed increased productivity. Due to the importance of in both fundamental research and industrial production contexts, having a calibrated computational model capable of studying the structures of this yeast population and the profiles of the fermentations carried out by it represents a noteworthy advancement in the field of microbial ecology.
Keywords: Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ; Fermentation ; Anaerobic Growth ; Individual-Based Model ; Calibration ; Virtual Experiments ; Environmental Sciences ; Ecology
ISSN: 0304-3800
E-ISSN: 1872-7026
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• 3
Article
In: FEMS Yeast Research, 2011, Vol. 11(1), pp.18-28
Description: Data from electric particle analysis, light diffraction and flow cytometry analysis provide information on changes in cell morphology. Here, we report analyses of Saccharomyces cerevisiae populations growing in a batch culture using these techniques. The size distributions were determined by electric particle analysis and by light diffraction in order to compare their outcomes. Flow cytometry parameters forward (related to cell size) and side (related to cell granularity) scatter were also determined to complement this information. These distributions of yeast properties were analysed statistically and by a complexity index. The cell size of Saccharomyces at the lag phase was smaller than that at the beginning of the exponential phase, whereas during the stationary phase, the cell size converged with the values observed during the lag phase. These experimental techniques, when used together, allow us to distinguish among and characterize the cell size, cell granularity and the structure of the yeast population through the three growth phases. Flow cytometry patterns are better than light diffraction and electric particle analysis in showing the existence of subpopulations during the different phases, especially during the stationary phase. The use of a complexity index in this context helped to differentiate these phases and confirmed the yeast cell heterogeneity.
Keywords: Yeast Populations ; Cell Size Distributions ; Particle Size Analysis ; Light Diffraction ; Flow Cytometry ; Batch Culture
ISSN: 15671356
E-ISSN: 1567-1364
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• 4
Article
Description: This document is a brief review of some of the most relevant searches for Supersymmetry carried out at the Tevatron and the LHC collider experiments, until the end of August 2011. Different final states covering R-parity conserving and violating scenarios have been scrutinized and no significant deviation from the Standard Model has been observed. As a result, new limits on the Supersymmetry parameter space have been established. Comment: 9 pages, 11 figures, Proceedings for XXXI PHYSICS IN COLLISION, Vancouver, BC Canada, August 28 - September 1, 2011
Keywords: High Energy Physics - Experiment
Source: Cornell University
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• 5
Article
Language: English
In: Food Microbiology, 2011, Vol.28(4), pp.810-817
Description: The performance of fermentation processes is greatly influenced by the size and quality of inocula. The characterization of the replicative age is decided by the number of birth scars each yeast exhibits on its cellular membrane. Yeast ageing and inoculum size are factors that affect industrial fermentation, particularly those processes in which the yeast cells are reused such as the production of beer. This process reuses yeast cropped at the end of one fermentation in the following one, in a process called “serial repitching”. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of inoculum size and ageing on the first stages of the dynamics of yeast population growth. However, only Individual-based Models (IbMs) allow the study of small, well-characterized, microbial inocula. We used INDISIM-YEAST, based on the generic IbM simulator INDISIM, to carry out these studies. Several simulations were performed to analyze the effect of the inoculum size and genealogical age of the cells that made it up on the lag phase, first division time and specific growth rate. The shortest lag phase and time to the first division were obtained with largest inocula and with the youngest inoculated parent cells.
Keywords: Individual-Based Model ; Lag Phase ; Growth Initiation ; Yeast Inoculum ; Inoculum Size ; Yeast Cell Age ; Biology ; Economics
ISSN: 0740-0020
E-ISSN: 1095-9998
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• 6
Article
Language: English
In: Frontiers in Microbiology, 2018, Vol.9, p.1583
Description: There is still no satisfactory understanding of the factors that enable soil microbial populations to be as highly biodiverse as they are. The present article explores in silico the hypothesis that the heterogeneous distribution of soil organic matter, in addition to the spatial connectivity...
Keywords: Life Sciences ; Bacteria ; Resource Allocation ; Organic Matter ; Pore Scale ; Soil ; Biodiversity ; Agent-Based Modeling ; Biology
ISSN: 1664-302X
E-ISSN: 1664-302X
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• 7
Article
Language: English
In: The European Physical Journal C, 2014, Vol.74(12), pp.1-12
Description: We present state-of-the-art cross section predictions for the production of supersymmetric squarks and gluinos at the upcoming LHC run with a centre-of-mass energy of $$\sqrt{s} = 13$$ s = 13 and $$14$$ 14  TeV, and at potential future $$pp$$ p p colliders operating at $$\sqrt{s} = 33$$ s = 33 and $$100$$ 100  TeV. The results are based on calculations which include the resummation of soft-gluon emission at next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy, matched to next-to-leading order supersymmetric QCD corrections. Furthermore, we provide an estimate of the theoretical uncertainty due to the variation of the renormalisation and factorisation scales and the parton distribution functions.
Keywords: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology;
ISSN: 1434-6044
E-ISSN: 1434-6052
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• 8
Article
Language: English
In: Frontiers in Microbiology, Jan 4, 2018
Description: Nowadays control of the growth of Saccharomyces to obtain biomass or cellular wall components is crucial for specific industrial applications. The general aim of this contribution is to deal with experimental data obtained from yeast cells and from yeast cultures to attempt the integration of the two levels of information, individual and population, to progress in the control of yeast biotechnological processes by means of the overall analysis of this set of experimental data, and to assist in the improvement of an individual-based model, namely, INDISIM- Saccha . Populations of S. cerevisiae growing in liquid batch culture, in aerobic and microaerophilic conditions, were studied. A set of digital images was taken during the population growth, and a protocol for the treatment and analyses of the images obtained was established. The piecewise linear model of Buchanan was adjusted to the temporal evolutions of the yeast populations to determine the kinetic parameters and changes of growth phases. In parallel, for all the yeast cells analyzed, values of direct morphological parameters, such as area, perimeter, major diameter, minor diameter, and derived ones, such as circularity and elongation, were obtained. Graphical and numerical methods from descriptive statistics were applied to these data to characterize the growth phases and the budding state of the yeast cells in both experimental conditions, and inferential statistical methods were used to compare the diverse groups of data achieved. Oxidative metabolism of yeast in a medium with oxygen available and low initial sugar concentration can be taken into account in order to obtain a greater number of cells or larger cells. Morphological parameters were analyzed statistically to identify which were the most useful for the discrimination of the different states, according to budding and/or growth phase, in aerobic and microaerophilic conditions. The use of the experimental data for subsequent modeling work was then discussed and compared to simulation results generated with INDISIM- Saccha , which allowed us to advance in the development of this yeast model, and illustrated the utility of data at different levels of observation and the needs and logic behind the development of a microbial individual-based model.
Keywords: Image Processing Equipment – Analysis ; Image Processing Equipment – Models
ISSN: 1664-302X
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• 9
Article
Language: English
In: Archives of Microbiology, 2015, Vol.197(8), pp.991-999
Description: Saccharomyces cerevisiae is industrially the most important yeast, and its growth in different concentrations of oxygen can be used to improve various application processes. The aims of this work were to study in aerobic and microaerophilic growth conditions the cell size and tendency of morphological changes in S. cerevisiae in different stages of growth and to assess the effect of the two growth conditions in the differentiation of quiescent and non-quiescent subpopulations in the stationary phase. Dissolved oxygen levels in the culture medium for aerobic and microaerophilic conditions were 6.6 and 5.2 mg L −1 , respectively. In both growth conditions, similar viable cell populations were obtained, although in aerobic conditions the stationary phase was reached and the quiescent and non-quiescent subpopulations were also differentiated. The microaerophilic growth produced a significant reduction in the specific growth rate and consequently also in glucose and oxygen consumption. The most notable changes in cellular size and morphology occurred with the depletion of glucose and oxygen. The concentration of dissolved oxygen in the culture medium significantly modulated the growth kinetics of S. cerevisiae and their development and differentiation to quiescent cells. This could justify the need to readjust small variations in oxygen levels during yeast cultures in biotechnological processes.
Keywords: Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Aerobic culture ; Microaerophilic culture ; Quiescent cells
ISSN: 0302-8933
E-ISSN: 1432-072X
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• 10
Article
Language: Spanish
In: Enseñanza de las ciencias: revista de investigación y experiencias didácticas
In: Enseñanza de las Ciencias: revista de investigación y experiencias didácticas, 2012, Vol.30(2), Vol.30(2)
Description: El objetivo general de este trabajo es presentar las características generales de los modelos basados en el individuo (IbM) y la manera de tratar con ellos cuando se modeliza un biosistema o conjunto de entidades discretas con vida propia que evolucionan en un entorno cambiante. Se presenta una discusión de las ventajas e inconvenientes que presenta este tipo de modelización discreta frente a la modelización continua más clásica. Se expone el protocolo específico recientemente aceptado para presentar y comunicar IbM, y se identifica la plataforma NetLogo, de uso público y libre, accesible desde la web, como adecuada para la implementación de este tipo de modelo computacional. Con todo ello se constata el interés de introducir IbMs en la docencia para trabajar y practicar con la competencia en modelización.
Description: The aim of this paper is to present the general characteristics of the individual-based models (IbMs), and the way to deal with them when a bio system, a set of discrete life entities evolving in a changing environment, is modeled. A discussion of the advantages and disadvantages that this type of discrete modeling has compared with the more classical continuous modeling is presented. It describes the specific and recently accepted protocol to follow in order to presents and communicate an IbM, and it identifies the platform NetLogo, of public use and free access from the web, which is suitable for the implementation of this kind of computational model. All of this corroborates the interest in introducing the IbMs to work and practice with the modeling competence in teaching.
Source: RACO (Revistes Catalanes amb Accés Obert)
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