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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Holocene Changes in the Douro Estuary (Northwestern Iberia)
    Coastal Education and Research Foundation ; 2007
    In:  Journal of Coastal Research Vol. 233 ( 2007-05), p. 711-720
    Details
    In: Journal of Coastal Research, Coastal Education and Research Foundation, Vol. 233 ( 2007-05), p. 711-720
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0749-0208 , 1551-5036
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2112/05-0462.1
    Language: English
    Publisher: Coastal Education and Research Foundation
    Publication Date: 2007
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 53639-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2156089-4
    SSG: 14
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    High-altitude vegetational pattern on the Iberian Mountain Chain (north-central Spain) during the Holocene
    SAGE Publications ; 1999
    In:  The Holocene Vol. 9, No. 1 ( 1999-01), p. 39-57
    Details
    In: The Holocene, SAGE Publications, Vol. 9, No. 1 ( 1999-01), p. 39-57
    Abstract: Pollen, plant macrofossil. charcoal, sedimentary analyses and magnetic susceptibility measurements have been carried out on a C-14 dated sediment sequence from Las Pardillas Lake (1850 m a.s.l., Iberian Mountain Chain). The interpretation of the pollen diagram has been assisted by the analysis of an altitudinal transect of moss-polsters collected in the same area. After 9310 BP, a Pinus-Betula-Quercus open woodland developed. Between c. 9000 BP and 7100 BP, the woodland became a mixed forest with Pinus vylvestris. The beginning of the continuous curve of Corylus c. 9000 BP dated the local population expansion of this tree and is 1000 years earlier than the age previously attributed to its expansion in north-central Spain. At c. 7400 BP a local fire is associated with a possible first establishment of Fagu.s in the area. From c. 7100 BP to c. 3700 BP, Taxus, Rex and Hedera were present in the forest vegetation. During this interval, the pollen and sedmentological record indicated a stable period of rich, mixed Quercus forest. At the same time, the community of floating-leaved aquatics was replaced by submerged plants, suggesting that a rise in lake water level may have occurred between 7200 and 6400 BP. Fagus became continuously present in the Las Pardillas Lake area c. 3200 BP. As Fagus is fire-sensitive, the expansion and stand scale establishment may be linked to an increase in fire regime, a type of disturbance which has facilitated the spread of this taxon elsewhere in Europe. A significant forest reduction, involving all the trees, took place c. 1500 BP. Between 1000 and 400 BP, Pinus and Fugus re-expanded associated with the first clear evidence of agricultural activity. The well-represented, mixed Quercus forest around Las Pardillas Lake, and the early development of Coryluw compared to other Mediterranean zones, suggests that oceanic conditions prevailed on the northern slopes of these mountains in north-central Spain.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0959-6836 , 1477-0911
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1191/095968399671230625
    RVK:
    RA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 1999
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2027956-5
    SSG: 14
    SSG: 3,4
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Long-term and millennial-scale climate variability in northwestern France during the last 8850 years
    SAGE Publications ; 2007
    In:  The Holocene Vol. 17, No. 7 ( 2007-11), p. 939-953
    Details
    In: The Holocene, SAGE Publications, Vol. 17, No. 7 ( 2007-11), p. 939-953
    Abstract: Vegetation and quantitative climate reconstructions from a northwestern France shelf core (VK03-58Bis) show orbital and suborbital climate variability for the last 8850 years in this region. A long-term cooling trend in summer temperatures, marked by gradual temperate and humid forest decline, parallels cooling in Greenland and the decrease of mid-latitude summer insolation reduction until at least 2000 cal. yr BP. At the long-term scale, the lowering in seasonal contrast revealed by vegetation changes follows the increase of precession. Corylus woodlands spread at the expense of deciduous Quercus forest, between 8740 and 8390 cal. yr BP, linked with the high seasonality conditions that, counterbalancing the long-term astronomical forcing trend, were amplified by the north Atlantic high-latitudes winter sea-ice expansion. High seasonality conditions resulted from the Agassiz and Ojibway final outburst episodes and consequent gradual reduction of the Meridional Overturning Circulation (MOC). Between 8390—8060 cal. yr BP, a sudden Corylus woodland decline marks the 8.2 kyr cold event in northwestern France probably triggered by the severe MOC reduction leading to the additional drop in winter temperature over Europe and Greenland. Nonetheless, seasonality remains high during this interval. The high seasonality conditions detected in `VK03-58Bis' between 8740 and 8060 cal. yr BP reflects the multicentennial-scale climate cooling 8.6—8.0 kyr episode of the North Atlantic. Following the Agassiz and Ojibway final outburst episodes, climate became more stable. However, millennial-scale climate cooling episodes are recorded in `VK03-Bis' and are characterized by weak winter cooling and increases in precipitation. Furthermore, dinocyst analysis and benthic gastropod Turritella communis occurrences indicate regional changes such as the southward migration of the Boreal biogeographical zone between 8740 and 8480 cal. yr BP and the subsequent opening of the English Channel at around 8480—8390 cal. yr BP.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0959-6836 , 1477-0911
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0959683607082410
    RVK:
    RA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2007
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2027956-5
    SSG: 14
    SSG: 3,4
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Onset of Mediterranean outflow into the North Atlantic
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) ; 2014
    In:  Science Vol. 344, No. 6189 ( 2014-06-13), p. 1244-1250
    Details
    In: Science, American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), Vol. 344, No. 6189 ( 2014-06-13), p. 1244-1250
    Abstract: Sediments cored along the southwestern Iberian margin during Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 339 provide constraints on Mediterranean Outflow Water (MOW) circulation patterns from the Pliocene epoch to the present day. After the Strait of Gibraltar opened (5.33 million years ago), a limited volume of MOW entered the Atlantic. Depositional hiatuses indicate erosion by bottom currents related to higher volumes of MOW circulating into the North Atlantic, beginning in the late Pliocene. The hiatuses coincide with regional tectonic events and changes in global thermohaline circulation (THC). This suggests that MOW influenced Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), THC, and climatic shifts by contributing a component of warm, saline water to northern latitudes while in turn being influenced by plate tectonics.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0036-8075 , 1095-9203
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1126/science.1251306
    RVK:
    TA 1000
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 128410-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2066996-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2060783-0
    SSG: 11
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Orbital- and sub-orbital-scale climate impacts on vegetation of the western Mediterranean basin over the last 48,000 yr
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2008
    In:  Quaternary Research Vol. 70, No. 3 ( 2008-11), p. 451-464
    Details
    In: Quaternary Research, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 70, No. 3 ( 2008-11), p. 451-464
    Abstract: High-resolution pollen analysis of Alborán Sea core MD95-2043 provides a 48-ka continuous vegetation record that can be directly correlated with sea surface and deep-water changes. The reliability of this record is supported by comparison with that of Padul (Sierra Nevada, Spain). Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 3 was characterised by fluctuations in Quercus forest cover in response to Dansgaard-Oeschger climate variability. MIS 2 was characterised by the dominance of semi-desert vegetation. Despite overall dry and cold conditions during MIS 2, Heinrich events (HEs) 2 and 1 were distinguished from the last glacial maximum by more intensely arid conditions. Taxon-specific vegetation responses to a tripartite climatic structure within the HEs are observed. In MIS 1, the Bölling-Allerød was marked by rapid afforestation, while a re-expansion of semi-desert environments occurred during the Younger Dryas. The maximum development of mixed Quercus forest occurred between 11.7 and 5.4 cal ka BP, with forest decline since 5.4 cal ka BP. On orbital timescales, a long-term expansion of semi-desert vegetation from MIS 3 into MIS 2 reflects global ice-volume trends, while Holocene arboreal decline reflects summer insolation decrease. The influence of precession on the amplitude of forest development and vegetation composition is also detected.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0033-5894 , 1096-0287
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.yqres.2008.07.002
    RVK:
    RA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2008
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1471589-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 205711-6
    SSG: 13
    SSG: 14
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The complexity of millennial-scale variability in southwestern Europe during MIS 11
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2016
    In:  Quaternary Research Vol. 86, No. 3 ( 2016-11), p. 373-387
    Details
    In: Quaternary Research, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 86, No. 3 ( 2016-11), p. 373-387
    Abstract: Climatic variability of Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 11 is examined using a new high-resolution direct land—sea comparison from the SW Iberian margin Site U1385. This study, based on pollen and biomarker analyses, documents regional vegetation, terrestrial climate and sea surface temperature (SST) variability. Suborbital climate variability is revealed by a series of forest decline events suggesting repeated cooling and drying episodes in SW Iberia throughout MIS 11. Only the most severe events on land are coeval with SST decreases, under larger ice volume conditions. Our study shows that the diverse expression (magnitude, character and duration) of the millennial-scale cooling events in SW Europe relies on atmospheric and oceanic processes whose predominant role likely depends on baseline climate states. Repeated atmospheric shifts recalling the positive North Atlantic Oscillation mode, inducing dryness in SW Iberia without systematical SST changes, would prevail during low ice volume conditions. In contrast, disruption of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC), related to iceberg discharges, colder SST and increased hydrological regime, would be responsible for the coldest and driest episodes of prolonged duration in SW Europe.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0033-5894 , 1096-0287
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.yqres.2016.09.002
    RVK:
    RA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1471589-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 205711-6
    SSG: 13
    SSG: 14
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    European Climatic Response to Millennial-Scale Changes in the Atmosphere–Ocean System during the Last Glacial Period
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2000
    In:  Quaternary Research Vol. 54, No. 3 ( 2000-11), p. 394-403
    Details
    In: Quaternary Research, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 54, No. 3 ( 2000-11), p. 394-403
    Abstract: Pollen, foraminifer, dinocyst, and coarse lithic high-resolution analyses and δ 18 O measurements have been carried out for the last-glacial section of marine core MD95-2042 located near the southwestern margin of the Iberian Peninsula. The pollen data indicate a high frequency of vegetational changes on the adjacent continent during this period, suggesting a climatic variability very similar to that of the Dansgaard-Oeschger cycles recorded by the Greenland ice cores. The detailed direct correlation of the terrestrial and marine proxy data from core MD95-2042 indicates a three-phase pattern of Heinrich events in land and ocean environments. The first and last phases of the H5 and H4 events are characterized by a mild and humid climate in southwestern Europe, probably associated with the European origin of the ice-rafted detritus. The middle phase exhibits a cold and dry climate in Iberia linked with the maximum input of ice-rafted detritus. This phase seems to correspond with the Laurentide ice-sheet surges. Between the Heinrich events, several cold and dry periods on land are correlated with stades of the Dansgaard-Oeschger cycles. The impact of the Dansgaard-Oeschger stades in southwestern Europe seems to be preferentially connected to the cold winter air masses reaching this mid-latitude region.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0033-5894 , 1096-0287
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1006/qres.2000.2176
    RVK:
    RA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2000
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1471589-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 205711-6
    SSG: 13
    SSG: 14
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Classic Marine Isotope Substage 5e
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2002
    In:  Quaternary Research Vol. 58, No. 1 ( 2002-07), p. 14-16
    Details
    In: Quaternary Research, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 58, No. 1 ( 2002-07), p. 14-16
    Abstract: Since its identification nearly fifty years ago, Marine Isotope Stage 5 (MIS 5) has been placed onto absolute time scales on the basis of three independent approaches. Cesare Emiliani, who set up the isotope stages (Emiliani, 1955), depended on uranium-series dating of the sediments, a method that today is regarded as not generally capable of yielding useful precision or accuracy. Broecker and van Donk (1970) pioneered the approach of correlating to radiometrically dated marine coral terraces; this has been much aided in recent years by improvements in the precision and accuracy of these age determinations that have flowed from the development of thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS) for uranium-series dating (Edwards et al ., 1986). The third approach is to use the astronomical record as a guide to the time scale. Martinson et al . (1987) generated a detailed time scale for MIS 5 using this approach. These authors suggested that the overall average error was of the order ±5000 yr, although the error would be smaller during interglacial periods with high precession-related variability, such as MIS5. At that time, the suggested confidence limits were smaller than typical values quoted for the radiometric dating of corals (typically ±6000 yr). Today the accuracy of the time scale of Martinson et al . (1987) is challenged by high-precision TIMS dates with quoted uncertainties of the order ±1000 yr or better. From the point of view of achieving a better understanding of the last interglacial period, the more serious disadvantage of the Martinson et al . (1987) time scale is the underlying hypothesis that all the proxy palaeoclimate records represent smoothly varying responses to changes in insolation; hence, there is no basis for estimating the duration of an extended interval with northern ice sheet volumes static at a size no greater than at present. From this point of view, the model of Gallée et al . (1993) is more promising, but that model is not at present sufficiently realistic to provide a reliable independent time scale. We have therefore chosen to depict the oxygen isotope record of core MD95-2042 (37°48′N, 10°10′W, water depth of 3146 m) on a time scale (Shackleton et al., 2001) that is based only on making use of selected radiometric dates obtained from fossil corals to calibrate the isotope record.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0033-5894 , 1096-0287
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1006/qres.2001.2312
    RVK:
    RA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2002
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1471589-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 205711-6
    SSG: 13
    SSG: 14
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Saharan Dust Transport and High-Latitude Glacial Climatic Variability: The Alboran Sea Record
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2002
    In:  Quaternary Research Vol. 58, No. 3 ( 2002-11), p. 318-328
    Details
    In: Quaternary Research, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 58, No. 3 ( 2002-11), p. 318-328
    Abstract: Millennial to submillennial marine oscillations that are linked with the North Atlantic's Heinrich events and Dansgaard–Oeschger cycles have been reported recently from the Alboran Sea, revealing a close ocean-atmosphere coupling in the Mediterranean region. We present a high-resolution record of lithogenic fraction variability along IMAGES Core MD 95-2043 from the Alboran Sea that we use to infer fluctuations of fluvial and eolian inputs to the core site during periods of rapid climate change, between 28,000 and 48,000 cal yr B.P. Comparison with geochemical and pollen records from the same core enables end-member compositions to be determined and to document fluctuations of fluvial and eolian inputs on millennial and faster timescales. Our data document increases in northward Saharan dust transports during periods of strengthened atmospheric circulation in high northern latitudes. From this we derive two atmospheric scenarios which are linked with the intensity of meridional atmospheric pressure gradients in the North Atlantic region.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0033-5894 , 1096-0287
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1006/qres.2002.2383
    RVK:
    RA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2002
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1471589-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 205711-6
    SSG: 13
    SSG: 14
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Mid-Holocene emergence of a low-frequency millennial oscillation in western Mediterranean climate: Implications for past dynamics of the North Atlantic atmospheric westerlies
    SAGE Publications ; 2013
    In:  The Holocene Vol. 23, No. 2 ( 2013-02), p. 153-166
    Details
    In: The Holocene, SAGE Publications, Vol. 23, No. 2 ( 2013-02), p. 153-166
    Abstract: The nature and tempo of Holocene climate variability is examined in the record of forest vegetation from western Mediterranean marine core MD95-2043. Episodes of forest decline occurred at 10.1, 9.2, 8.3, 7.4, 5.4–4.5 and 3.7–2.9 cal. ka BP, and between 1.9 cal. ka BP and the top of the record (1.3 cal. ka BP). Wavelet analysis confirms a ~900 yr periodicity prior to and during the early Holocene and the dominance of a ~1750 yr periodicity after 6 cal. ka BP. The ~900 yr periodicity has counterparts in numerous North Atlantic and Northern Hemisphere palaeoclimate records, and in solar irradiance proxies (Δ 14 C and 10 Be), and may relate to a Sun–climate connection during the early Holocene. Comparisons between the MD95-2043 forest record and strategically located records from Morocco, Iceland, Norway and Israel suggest that the ~1750 yr mid- to late-Holocene oscillation reflects shifts between a prevailing strong and weak state of the zonal flow, with impacts similar to the positive and negative modes of the present-day North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). The mid- to late-Holocene millennial oscillation in zonal flow appears closely coupled to North Atlantic surface ocean circulation dynamics, and may have been driven by an internal oscillation in deep-water convection strength. The findings suggest that the mid-Holocene transition in western Mediterranean climate was accompanied by a shift in the fundamental tempo of millennial-scale variability, reflecting contrasting sensitivity of the North Atlantic climate system to different forcing factors (solar versus oceanic) under deglacial and fully interglacial conditions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0959-6836 , 1477-0911
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0959683612460783
    RVK:
    RA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2027956-5
    SSG: 14
    SSG: 3,4
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