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Article

Minimally invasive thoracoscopic partial corpectomy of T12, followed by anterior stabilization and fusion through cage implantation with an anterior plate fixation (2016)

Sauer, Daniel ; Heider, Franziska

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Language: English

In: European Spine Journal, 2016, Vol.25(Supplement 2), pp.267-269

Description: Issue Title: Supplement for Open Operating Theatre (OOT) articles online only, August 2016

Keywords: Thoracoscopic minimally invasive approach ; Partial corpectomy ; Minimal invasive anterior stabilization and fusion

ISSN: 0940-6719

E-ISSN: 1432-0932

DOI: 10.1007/s00586-016-4466-8

URL: View full text in Springer (Subscribers only)

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2

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Selective Metal‐Free Hydrosilylation of CO2 Catalyzed by Triphenylborane in Highly Polar, Aprotic Solvents (2016)

Mukherjee, Debabrata ; Sauer, Daniel F. ; Zanardi, Alessandro ; [et al.]

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Language: English

In: Chemistry – A European Journal, 01 June 2016, Vol.22(23), pp.7730-7733

Description: Triphenylborane (BPh) in highly polar, aprotic solvents catalyzes hydrosilylation of CO effectively under mild conditions to provide silyl formates with high chemoselectivity (〉95 %) and without over‐reduction. This system also promotes reductive hydrosilylation of tertiary amides as well as dehydrogenative coupling of silane with alcohols. : Triphenylborane in highly polar, aprotic solvents catalyzes the hydrosilylation of CO under mild conditions to silyl formates with remarkable selectivity (〉95 %) and without over‐reductions. This system also promotes reductive hydrosilylation of tertiary amides and dehydrogenative coupling of silane with alcohols.

Keywords: Boranes ; Carbon Dioxide ; Chemoselectivity ; Hydrosilylation ; Solvent Effects

ISSN: 0947-6539

E-ISSN: 1521-3765

DOI: 10.1002/chem.201601006

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3

Article

β-Catenin Signaling Increases during Melanoma Progression and Promotes Tumor Cell Survival and Chemoresistance (β-Catenin as a Survival Factor in Melanoma) (2011)

Sinnberg, Tobias ; Menzel, Moritz ; Ewerth, Daniel ; [et al.]

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Language: English

In: PLoS ONE, 2011, Vol.6(8), p.e23429

Description: Beta-catenin plays an important role in embryogenesis and carcinogenesis by controlling either cadherin-mediated cell adhesion or transcriptional activation of target gene expression. In many types of cancers nuclear translocation of beta-catenin has been observed. Our data indicate that during melanoma progression an increased dependency on the transcriptional function of beta-catenin takes place. Blockade of beta-catenin in metastatic melanoma cell lines efficiently induces apoptosis, inhibits proliferation, migration and invasion in monolayer and 3-dimensional skin reconstructs and decreases chemoresistance. In addition, subcutaneous melanoma growth in SCID mice was almost completely inhibited by an inducible beta-catenin knockdown. In contrast, the survival of benign melanocytes and primary melanoma cell lines was less affected by beta-catenin depletion. However, enhanced expression of beta-catenin in primary melanoma cell lines increased invasive capacity in vitro and tumor growth in the SCID mouse model. These data suggest that beta-catenin is an essential survival factor for metastatic melanoma cells, whereas it is dispensable for the survival of benign melanocytes and primary, non-invasive melanoma cells. Furthermore, beta-catenin increases tumorigenicity of primary melanoma cell lines. The differential requirements for beta-catenin signaling in aggressive melanoma versus benign melanocytic cells make beta-catenin a possible new target in melanoma therapy.

Keywords: Research Article ; Biology ; Medicine ; Molecular Biology ; Oncology ; Dermatology

E-ISSN: 1932-6203

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0023429

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4

Article

Directed OmniChange Evolution Converts P450 BM3 into an Alkyltrimethylammonium Hydroxylase (2018)

Ji, Yu ; Mertens, Alan Maurice ; Gertler, Christoph ; [et al.]

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Language: English

In: Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany), 13 November 2018, Vol.24(63), pp.16865-16872

Description: Cetyl-trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) is a widely used cationic surfactant that is biodegradable in nature. CTAB biodegradation requires hydroxylation in the first step, which is rate-limiting and crucial for solubility in water. In this study, the OmniChange multi-site mutagenesis method was applied to reengineer the P450 BM3 substrate specificity towards the hydroxylation of CTAB by simultaneous mutagenesis of four previously reported positions (R47, Y51, F87, and L188). 1740 clones from the P450 BM3 OmniChange library were screened with the NADPH depletion assay. A total of 696 clones were rescreened with the NADPH depletion and an Ampliflu™ Red/ horseradish peroxidase based H O detection assay. Several improved P450 BM3 variants were identified and finally four were kinetically characterized with respect to CTAB hydroxylation, based on both performance and coupling efficiency. Based on NADPH consumption, the P450 BM3 variant P3A8 (R47E/Y51M/F87V/L188E) displayed an initial activity (64.9±4.8 s , 13.5-fold increased activity compared with wild-type P450 BM3), which nearly matches the specific activity for its natural fatty acid substrate (palmitic acid (32-122 s )). Variant P3A8 showed high coupling efficiency (92.5 %), whereas wild-type P450 BM3 displayed a low coupling efficiency (0.5 %). HPLC-MS/MS detection confirmed that P3A8 and P2E7 (R47D/Y51L/F87V/L188A) form 13 and 35 times more 2-hydroxylated CTAB than P450 BM3. In addition, di-hydroxylated CTAB products were detected for all four investigated P450 BM3 variants (up to a yield of 77 %; P3A8). Di-hydroxylated quaternary amines are highly interesting bolaform surfactants with a high hydrophilicity (surface contact angle: θ=16.7°).

Keywords: Omnichange ; P450 ; Cations ; Directed Evolution ; Protein Modifications ; Surfactants

ISSN: 09476539

E-ISSN: 1521-3765

DOI: 10.1002/chem.201803806

URL: View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed

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5

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A hydroquinone-specific screening system for directed P450 evolution (2018)

Weingartner, Alexandra ; Sauer, Daniel ; Dhoke, Gaurao ; [et al.]

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Language: English

In: Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2018, Vol.102(22), pp.9657-9667

Description: The direct hydroxylation of benzene to hydroquinone (HQ) under mild reaction conditions is a challenging task for chemical catalysts. Cytochrome P450 (CYP) monooxygenases are known to catalyze the oxidation of a variety of aromatic compounds with atmospheric dioxygen. Protein engineering campaigns led to the identification of novel P450 variants, which yielded improvements in respect to activity, specificity, and stability. An effective screening strategy is crucial for the identification of improved enzymes with desired characteristics in large mutant libraries. Here, we report a first screening system designed for screening of P450 variants capable to produce hydroquinones. The hydroquinone quantification assay is based on the interaction of 4-nitrophenylacetonitrile (NpCN) with hydroquinones under alkaline conditions. In the 96-well plate format, a low detection limit (5 μM) and a broad linear detection range (5 to 250 μM) were obtained. The NpCN assay can be used for the quantification of dihydroxylated aromatic compounds such as hydroquinones, catechols, and benzoquinones. We chose the hydroxylation of pseudocumene by P450 BM3 as a target reaction and screened for improved trimethylhydroquinone (TMHQ) formation. The new P450 BM3 variant AW2 (R47Q, Y51F, I401M, A330P) was identified by screening a saturation mutagenesis library of amino acid position A330 with the NpCN assay. In summary, a 70-fold improved TMHQ formation was achieved with P450 BM3 AW2 when compared to the wild type (WT) and a 1.8-fold improved TMHQ formation compared to the recently reported P450 BM3 M3 (R47S, Y51W, A330F, I401M).

Keywords: P450 BM3 ; Hydroquinone ; Aromatic hydroxylation ; Screening assay ; Protein engineering ; Directed evolution

ISSN: 0175-7598

E-ISSN: 1432-0614

DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9328-3

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6

Article

Minimally invasive posterior segmental instrumentation and fusion with an intraarticular facet joint device (2016)

Mehren, Christoph ; Sauer, Daniel

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Language: English

In: European Spine Journal, 2016, Vol.25(Supplement 2), pp.274-275

Description: To access, purchase, authenticate, or subscribe to the full-text of this article, please visit this link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00586-016-4601-6 Byline: Christoph Mehren (1,2), Daniel Sauer (1,2) Keywords: Facet Wedge; Minimally invasive posterior fusion; Facet fixation; Facet joint fusion Author Affiliation: (1) Schon Clinic Munich Harlaching, Harlachinger Str. 51, 81547, Munich, Germany (2) Spine Research Institute and Teaching Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University (PMU), Salzburg, Austria Article History: Registration Date: 02/05/2016 Online Date: 24/05/2016 Article note: Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi: 10.1007/s00586-016-4601-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Keywords: Facet Wedge ; Minimally invasive posterior fusion ; Facet fixation ; Facet joint fusion

ISSN: 0940-6719

E-ISSN: 1432-0932

DOI: 10.1007/s00586-016-4601-6

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7

Article

Biofuel blending reduces particle emissions from aircraft engines at cruise conditions (2017)

Richard H. Moore ; Kenneth L. Thornhill ; Bernadett Weinzierl ; [et al.]

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In: Nature, 2017, Vol.543(7645), p.411

Description: Aviation-related aerosol emissions contribute to the formation of contrail cirrus clouds that can alter upper tropospheric radiation and water budgets, and therefore climate. The magnitude of air-traffic-related aerosol-cloud interactions and the ways in which these interactions might change in the future remain uncertain. Modelling studies of the present and future effects of aviation on climate require detailed information about the number of aerosol particles emitted per kilogram of fuel burned and the microphysical properties of those aerosols that are relevant for cloud formation. However, previous observational data at cruise altitudes are sparse for engines burning conventional fuels, and no data have previously been reported for biofuel use in-flight. Here we report observations from research aircraft that sampled the exhaust of engines onboard a NASA DC-8 aircraft as they burned conventional Jet A fuel and a 50:50 (by volume) blend of Jet A fuel and a biofuel derived from Camelina oil. We show that, compared to using conventional fuels, biofuel blending reduces particle number and mass emissions immediately behind the aircraft by 50 to 70 per cent. Our observations quantify the impact of biofuel blending on aerosol emissions at cruise conditions and provide key microphysical parameters, which will be useful to assess the potential of biofuel use in aviation as a viable strategy to mitigate climate change.

Keywords: Aircraft -- Instrumentation ; Biofuels -- Analysis ; Particulate Matter -- Analysis ; Vehicle Emissions -- Analysis;

ISSN: 0028-0836

E-ISSN: 1476-4687

DOI: 10.1038/nature21420

URL: View this record in Nature

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8

Article

A gender comparison of central and peripheral neuromuscular function after exercise (2012)

Stern, Ashley ; Kuenze, Chris ; Herman, Daniel ; [et al.]

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Language: English

In: Journal of sport rehabilitation, August 2012, Vol.21(3), pp.209-17

Description: Central and peripheral muscle fatigue during exercise may exacerbate neuromuscular factors that increase risk for noncontact anterior cruciate ligament injury. To compare lower extremity motor-evoked potentials (MEPs), muscle strength, and electromyography (EMG) activation after an exercise protocol. Pretest, posttest group comparison. University laboratory. 34 healthy volunteers (17 female, age = 21.9 ± 2.3 years, weight = 77.8 ± 3.0 kg, height = 171.1 ± 6.6 cm, and 17 male, age = 23.4 ± 6.5 years, weight = 81.6 ± 3.3 kg, height = 179.6 ± 7.3 cm). A standardized 30-min exercise protocol that involved 5 repeated cycles of uphill walking, body-weight squatting, and step-ups. Quadriceps and hamstring MEP amplitude (mV) and transmission velocity normalized to subject height (m/s) were elicited via transcranial magnetic stimulation and measured via surface EMG. Quadriceps and hamstring peak EMG activation (% MVIC) and peak torque... At baseline, males exhibited significantly greater knee-extension torques (males = 2.47 ± 0.68 Nm/kg, females = 1.95 ± 0.53 Nm/kg; P = .036) and significantly higher hamstring MEP amplitudes (males = 223.5 ± 134.0 mV, females = 89.3 ± 77.6 mV; P = .007).... Males experienced greater peripheral neuromuscular changes manifested as more pronounced reductions in quadriceps torque after exercise. Females experienced greater central neuromuscular changes manifested as more pronounced reduction in quadriceps MEP...

Keywords: Evoked Potentials, Motor -- Physiology ; Exercise -- Physiology ; Lower Extremity -- Physiology ; Muscle Fatigue -- Physiology ; Muscle Strength -- Physiology ; Muscle, Skeletal -- Physiology

ISSN: 10566716

E-ISSN: 1543-3072

DOI: 10.1123/jsr.21.3.209

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Article

Technique of full-endoscopic lumbar discectomy via an interlaminar approach (2018)

Siepe, Christoph ; Sauer, Daniel

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Language: English

In: European Spine Journal, 2018, Vol.27(Supplement 4), pp.566-567

Description: To access, purchase, authenticate, or subscribe to the full-text of this article, please visit this link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00586-018-5657-2 Byline: Christoph J. Siepe (1,2), Daniel Sauer (1,2) Keywords: Disc herniation; Discectomy; Minimally invasive; Lumbar; Endoscopy; Fully endoscopic technique; Interlaminar Author Affiliation: (1) Spine Center, Schon Clinic Munich Harlaching, Harlachinger Str. 51, 81547, Munich, Germany (2) 0000 0004 0523 5263, grid.21604.31, Academic Teaching Hospital and Spine Research Institute of the Paracelsus Medical University (PMU), Salzburg, Austria Article History: Registration Date: 04/06/2018 Online Date: 09/07/2018 Article note: Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00586-018-5657-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Keywords: Disc herniation ; Discectomy ; Minimally invasive ; Lumbar ; Endoscopy ; Fully endoscopic technique ; Interlaminar

ISSN: 0940-6719

E-ISSN: 1432-0932

DOI: 10.1007/s00586-018-5657-2

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Article

Deutsch‐japanischer Katalyse‐Workshop (2017)

Sauer, Daniel F. ; Schindler, Tobias

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In: Nachrichten aus der Chemie, January 2017, Vol.65(1), pp.73-73

Description: Anfang September fanden an der RWTH Aachen der eintägige Workshop zu künstlichen Metallenzymen und das zweitägige Aachen‐Osaka‐Joint‐Symposium statt, im Rahmen des internationalen und interdisziplinären Graduiertenkollegs Selectivity in Chemo‐ and Biocatalysis (Seleca). Es wurde von der Universität Osaka und der RWTH Aachen im Jahr 2000 eingerichtet. Es soll dazu beitragen, katalytische Reaktionen auf molekularer Ebene besser zu verstehen. Verschiedene Aspekte der Chemo‐ und Biokatalyse werden verwendet um in einem einzigartigen interdisziplinären Ansatz funktionalisierte Verbindungen selektiv zu synthetisieren. Es kooperieren zwölf Gruppen der RWTH Aachen, drei assoziierte Gruppen des Forschungszentrums Jülich und elf Gruppen der Universität Osaka.

ISSN: 1439-9598

E-ISSN: 1868-0054

DOI: 10.1002/nadc.20174058080

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Berlin Brandenburg