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  • 1
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    Plant species’ range type determines local responses to biotic interactions and land use
    Wiley ; 2019
    In:  Ecology Vol. 100, No. 12 ( 2019-12)
    Details
    In: Ecology, Wiley, Vol. 100, No. 12 ( 2019-12)
    Abstract: Geographic plant distribution is often assumed to be predominantly limited directly by the climatic tolerances of species. However, the role of climate is now known to be mainly an indirect one mostly mediating dispersal and establishment, species interactions, or habitat characteristics, which all are often modified by human land use. In these complex systems, negative biotic interactions are predicted to increase in relative importance toward benign climatic conditions. We tested this hypothesis experimentally by exposing plant species with different geographic distribution ranges to different climates, biotic interactions, and land use. Thereby, species predominantly distributed in regions with benign climatic conditions were expected to be better able to cope with negative biotic interactions than species from regions with environmentally stressful climatic conditions. We present results of a fully crossed two‐year transplantation field experiment replicated in 45 plots in three study regions along a precipitation gradient across Germany. We manipulated biotic interactions (presence/absence of competition and mollusk herbivory) in grasslands of different management regimes (meadows, mown pastures, pastures). The transplanted phytometers consisted of six congeneric species pairs, each representing one oceanic and one distinctly more continental range type. The oceanic range type is predominantly distributed in benign climatic conditions in Western Europe, while the more continental type is distributed in regions with more stressful climatic conditions in Eastern Europe. This experimental setting allowed us to study the impact of negative biotic interactions along an abiotic stress gradient under realistic land‐use conditions. Under competition and mollusk herbivory, growth performance was more strongly reduced in continental compared to oceanic species. Range types also differed in their responses to grassland management. Differences in survival between the congeneric species were found to be region‐specific and largely unaffected by biotic interactions and land use. In consequence, our results suggest that local responses to biotic interactions and land‐use practices of otherwise very similar plant species can differ strongly depending on species’ large‐scale geographical distribution. Regionally differing responses to biotic interactions also show that local conditions can drastically change responses expected from macroecological theory.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0012-9658 , 1939-9170
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/ecy.v100.12
    DOI: 10.1002/ecy.2890
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1797-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2010140-5
    SSG: 12
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  • 2
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    Origin of the central European steppe flora: insights from palaeodistribution modelling and migration simulations
    Wiley ; 2022
    In:  Ecography Vol. 2022, No. 12 ( 2022-12)
    Details
    In: Ecography, Wiley, Vol. 2022, No. 12 ( 2022-12)
    Abstract: The biogeographic origin of the species‐rich steppe grasslands in central Europe has long been debated. The alternative hypotheses are long‐term species persistence in situ versus immigration from the south‐east, either after the last glacial maximum (LGM) or after the Neolithic landscape deforestation. We ask whether macroclimate‐based models of habitat suitability support either of these hypotheses and search for macroclimatically suitable ‘source areas' from which species could colonise the areas occupied in Europe today. We modelled habitat suitability for 104 species of the central European steppes and projected these models to 10 periods between the LGM and the present using downscaled CCSM3 simulations. By simulating postglacial migration, we identified potential source areas for each species in the LGM and mid‐Holocene and examined whether their location differed among three ecological and five chorological species groups. The central European macroclimate during the cold phases of the Late Pleistocene was suitable for species now typical of Asian desert steppes, whereas the warmer Bølling–Allerød and Holocene macroclimates supported the occurrence of present‐day central European steppe flora. The models suggest that the LGM source areas of these species ranged from south‐eastern France through the Adriatic region and the Balkan Peninsula to the Black‐Sea region but extended to central Europe in the mid‐Holocene. Their locations differed considerably among ecological and chorological groups in both periods. Therefore, our models support the hypothesis that during the Pleistocene cold periods, the largest populations of these species occurred in southern and south‐eastern Europe and some of them may have later colonised central Europe. If some populations occurred in central Europe during the LGM, as suggested by recent genetic analyses, they were likely restricted to microrefugia embedded in the landscape matrix of species‐poor cold steppe. The precipitation‐rich mid‐Holocene climate had no direct negative impact on the central European steppe flora.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0906-7590 , 1600-0587
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/ecog.v2022.i12
    DOI: 10.1111/ecog.06293
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2024917-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1112659-0
    SSG: 12
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  • 3
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    Habitat invasion risk assessment based on Landsat 5 data, exemplified by the shrub Rosa rubiginosa in southern Argentina : HABITAT INVASION RISK ASSESSMENT
    Wiley ; 2011
    In:  Austral Ecology Vol. 36, No. 7 ( 2011-11), p. 870-880
    Details
    In: Austral Ecology, Wiley, Vol. 36, No. 7 ( 2011-11), p. 870-880
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1442-9985
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/aec.2011.36.issue-7
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-9993.2010.02230.x
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2011
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019899-1
    SSG: 12
    SSG: 14
    SSG: 7,29
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  • 4
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    A method for the estimation of the global population sizes of plant species – the Area‐abundance‐index
    Wiley ; 1999
    In:  Global Ecology and Biogeography Vol. 8, No. 1 ( 1999-01), p. 39-46
    Details
    In: Global Ecology and Biogeography, Wiley, Vol. 8, No. 1 ( 1999-01), p. 39-46
    Abstract: The aim of this study is to establish a practical index that considers both the size of the global range, and the mean relative abundance of species within their range. Detailed general distribution maps provide the basis for a classification of ranges into nine size categories. The abundance data are arranged into five categories, ranging from very rare to very common. These categories are derived directly from floristic literature. The Area‐abundance‐index is calculated using an empirical formula, i.e. by the addition of the mean relative global abundance and the range size category number. Values of the index range from 2 (very rare and range ≤10 km 2 ) to 13 (very common throughout and range 〉 10 7 km 2 ). The main advantage of the index is that species become comparable in terms of their global population sizes. Frequently, regional Red Lists contain species that are common elsewhere and occupy wide areas, or may not include locally abundant species that occupy only very small geographical ranges. The application of the Area‐abundance‐index for the prioritizing of species within Red List categories and, hence, a varying assignment of conservational efforts, is discussed. Furthermore, the application of the index on a local scale, and the regional responsibility for species conservation or monitoring are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1466-822X , 1466-8238
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2699.1999.00124.x
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 1999
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1479787-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2021283-5
    SSG: 12
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  • 5
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    The relationship between niche breadth and range size of beech ( Fagus ) species worldwide
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Biogeography Vol. 48, No. 5 ( 2021-05), p. 1240-1253
    Details
    In: Journal of Biogeography, Wiley, Vol. 48, No. 5 ( 2021-05), p. 1240-1253
    Abstract: This work explores whether the commonly observed positive range size–niche breadth relationship exists for Fagus , one of the most dominant and widespread broad‐leaved deciduous tree genera in temperate forests of the Northern Hemisphere. Additionally, we ask whether the 10 extant Fagus species’ niche breadths and climatic tolerances are under phylogenetic control. Location Northern Hemisphere temperate forests. Taxon Fagus L. Methods Combining the global vegetation database sPlot with Chinese vegetation data, we extracted 107,758 relevés containing Fagus species. We estimated biotic and climatic niche breadths per species using plot‐based co‐occurrence data and a resource‐based approach, respectively. We examined the relationships of these estimates with range size and tested for their phylogenetic signal, prior to which a Random Forest (RF) analysis was applied to test which climatic properties are most conserved across the Fagus species. Results Neither biotic niche breadth nor climatic niche breadth was correlated with range size, and the two niche breadths were incongruent as well. Notably, the widespread North American F. grandifolia had a distinctly smaller biotic niche breadth than the Chinese Fagus species ( F. engleriana , F. hayatae , F. longipetiolata and F. lucida ) with restricted distributions in isolated mountains. The RF analysis revealed that cold tolerance did not differ among the 10 species, and thus may represent an ancestral, fixed trait. In addition, neither biotic nor climatic niche breadths are under phylogenetic control. Main Conclusions We interpret the lack of a general positive range size–niche breadth relationship within the genus Fagus as a result of the widespread distribution, high among‐region variation in available niche space, landscape heterogeneity and Quaternary history. The results hold when estimating niche sizes either by fine‐scale co‐occurrence data or coarse‐scale climate data, suggesting a mechanistic link between factors operating across spatial scales. Besides, there was no evidence for diverging ecological specialization within the genus Fagus .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0305-0270 , 1365-2699
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/jbi.v48.5
    DOI: 10.1111/jbi.14074
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020428-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 188963-1
    SSG: 12
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  • 6
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    Phylogeography of a widespread Asian subtropical tree: genetic east–west differentiation and climate envelope modelling suggest multiple glacial refugia
    Wiley ; 2014
    In:  Journal of Biogeography Vol. 41, No. 9 ( 2014-09), p. 1710-1720
    Details
    In: Journal of Biogeography, Wiley, Vol. 41, No. 9 ( 2014-09), p. 1710-1720
    Abstract: Fossil‐based biome reconstructions predict that during the Last Glacial Maximum ( LGM ), the subtropical zone of East Asia was reduced to a narrow southern belt. In contrast, previous phylogeographical studies of subtropical plant species, many of which are rare, indicated different glacial refugia north of this predicted area. Here, we aim to elucidate the phylogeographical structure and putative refugia of Castanopsis eyrei , a widely distributed tree of subtropical evergreen broad‐leaved forests of China. Location Subtropical China. Methods We compiled distribution data and employed climate envelope model projections to predict potential areas at the LGM . Microsatellite data and chloroplast DNA (cp DNA ) sequence data were obtained for 31 populations sampled throughout the species' range. Microsatellites were analysed with Bayesian clustering. Relationships among cp DNA haplotypes were depicted in a statistical parsimony network. We analysed patterns of variation within and among populations and clusters and along latitudinal clines. Results Modelling revealed a potential LGM distribution of C. eyrei in a broad but interrupted belt overlapping the southern part of the present range. Nuclear microsatellites revealed two main clusters, suggesting a split between the western and eastern range, and a south‐to‐north decline in genetic variation. The eastern cluster harboured significantly higher nuclear genetic diversity. Sixteen closely related cp DNA haplotypes were identified. Populations were strongly differentiated at cp DNA markers, but lacked phylogeographical structure. Both data sets revealed higher genetic differentiation in the western cluster than in the eastern cluster. Main conclusions Our results suggest at least two putative refugia during the LGM , further refugia‐within‐refugia substructure and a post‐glacial northwards recolonization. Topographical differences between the mountainous western and the lowland eastern refugia may have affected the patterns of genetic differentiation between the extant populations. Incongruence between nuclear and chloroplast data might be attributed to ancestral polymorphism of cp DNA and chloroplast capture, but does not contradict the hypothesis of multiple refugia. Our results are likely to represent a template for evolutionary history and phylogeography in this region.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0305-0270 , 1365-2699
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/jbi.2014.41.issue-9
    DOI: 10.1111/jbi.12322
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020428-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 188963-1
    SSG: 12
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  • 7
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    Genetic diversity in the locally declining Laserpitium prutenicum L. and the more common Selinum carvifolia (L.) L.: a “silent goodbye”?
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2016
    In:  Conservation Genetics Vol. 17, No. 4 ( 2016-8), p. 847-860
    Details
    In: Conservation Genetics, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 17, No. 4 ( 2016-8), p. 847-860
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1566-0621 , 1572-9737
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s10592-016-0827-4
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2015081-7
    SSG: 12
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  • 8
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    Online Resource
    Predicting the spread of an invasive plant: combining experiments and ecological niche model
    Wiley ; 2008
    In:  Ecography Vol. 31, No. 6 ( 2008-12), p. 709-719
    Details
    In: Ecography, Wiley, Vol. 31, No. 6 ( 2008-12), p. 709-719
    Abstract: Rapid evolutionary adjustments to novel environments may contribute to the successful spread of invasive species, and can lead to niche shifts making range dynamics unpredictable. These effects might be intensified by artificial selection in the course of breeding efforts, since many successful plant invaders were deliberately introduced and cultivated as ornamentals. We hypothesized that the invasion success of Buddleja davidii , the ornamental butterfly bush, is facilitated by local adaptation to minimum temperatures and thus, exhibits unpredictable range dynamics. To assess the potential effects of adaptive evolution and artificial selection on the spread of B. davidii , we combined a common garden experiment investigating local adaptation to frost, with ecological niche modelling of the species’ native and invasive ranges. We expected that populations naturalized in sub‐continental climate are less susceptible to frost than populations from oceanic climate, and that the invasive range does not match predictions based on climatic data from the native range. Indeed, we revealed significant variation among invasive B. davidii populations in frost resistance. However, frost hardiness was not related to geographic location or climatic variables of the populations’ home site, suggesting that invasive B. davidii populations are not locally adapted to minimum temperatures. This is in line with results of our ecological niche model that did not detect a niche shift between the species’ native range in China, and its invasive range in Europe and North America. Furthermore, our niche model showed that the potential invasive range of B. davidii is still not completely occupied. Together with the frost resistance data obtained in our experiment, the results indicate that climatic conditions are currently not limiting the further spread of the species in Europe and North America.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0906-7590 , 1600-0587
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/eco.2008.31.issue-6
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0587.2008.05470.x
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2008
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2024917-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1112659-0
    SSG: 12
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  • 9
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    Different sets of traits explain abundance and distribution patterns of European plants at different spatial scales
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Vegetation Science Vol. 32, No. 2 ( 2021-03)
    Details
    In: Journal of Vegetation Science, Wiley, Vol. 32, No. 2 ( 2021-03)
    Abstract: Plant functional traits summarize the main variability in plant form and function across taxa and biomes. We assess whether geographic range size, climatic niche size, and local abundance of plants can be predicted by sets of traits (trait syndromes) or are driven by single traits. Location Eurasia. Methods Species distribution maps were extracted from the Chorological Database Halle to derive information on the geographic range size and climatic niche size for 456 herbaceous, dwarf shrub and shrub species. We estimated local species abundances based on 740,113 vegetation plots from the European Vegetation Archive, where abundances were available as plant species cover per plot. We compiled a complete species‐by‐trait matrix of 20 plant functional traits from trait databases (TRY, BiolFlor and CLO‐PLA). The relationships of species’ geographic range size, climatic niche size and local abundance with single traits and trait syndromes were tested with multiple linear regression models. Results Generally, traits were more strongly related to local abundances than to broad‐scale species distribution patterns in geographic and climatic space (range and niche size), but both were better predicted by trait combinations than by single traits. Local abundance increased with leaf area and specific leaf area (SLA). Geographic range size and climatic niche size both increased with SLA. While range size increased with plant height, niche size decreased with leaf carbon content. Conclusion Functional traits matter for species’ abundance and distribution at both local and broad geographic scale. Local abundances are associated with different combinations of traits as compared to broad‐scale distributions, pointing to filtering by different environmental and ecological factors acting at distinct spatial scales. However, traits related to the leaf economics spectrum were important for species’ abundance and occurrence at both spatial scales. This finding emphasizes the general importance of resource acquisition strategies for the abundance and distribution of herbaceous, dwarf shrub and shrub species.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1100-9233 , 1654-1103
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/jvs.v32.2
    DOI: 10.1111/jvs.13016
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2047714-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1053769-7
    SSG: 12
    SSG: 23
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  • 10
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    Colchicum autumnale L.
    Elsevier BV ; 2011
    In:  Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics Vol. 13, No. 3 ( 2011-9), p. 227-244
    Details
    In: Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics, Elsevier BV, Vol. 13, No. 3 ( 2011-9), p. 227-244
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1433-8319
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ppees.2011.04.001
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2011
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2038178-5
    SSG: 12
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