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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Health And Civil War In Rural Burundi (2008)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    UID:
    b3kat_BV049074121
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (37 Seiten))
    Edition: Online-Ausg
    Content: This paper combines household survey data with event data on the timing and location of armed conflicts to examine the impact of Burundi's civil war on children's health status. The identification strategy exploits exogenous variation in the war's timing across provinces and the exposure of children's birth cohorts to the fighting. After controlling for province of residence, birth cohort, individual and household characteristics, and province-specific time trends, the authors find that children exposed to the war have on average 0.515 standard deviations lower height-for-age z-scores than non-exposed children. This negative effect is robust to specifications exploiting alternative sources of exogenous variation
    Additional Edition: Bundervoet, Tom Health And Civil War In Rural Burundi
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    Stabi Berlin
    HWR Berlin
    UB Potsdam
    EUV Frankfurt
    TH Brandenburg
    HTW Berlin
    MPI Bildungsforschung
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Civil War, Crop Failure, And Child Stunting In Rwanda (2007)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    UID:
    b3kat_BV049074414
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (34 Seiten))
    Edition: Online-Ausg
    Content: Economic shocks at birth have lasting effects on children's health several years after the shock. The authors calculate height for age z-scores for children under age five using data from a Rwandan nationally representative household survey conducted in 1992. They exploit district and time variation in crop failure and civil conflict to measure the impact of exogenous shocks that children experience at birth on their height several years later. They find that boys and girls born after the shock in regions experiencing civil conflict are both negatively affected with height for age z-scores 0.30 and 0.72 standard deviations lower, respectively. Conversely, only girls are negatively affected by crop failure, with these girls exhibiting 0.41 standard deviation lower height for age z-scores and the impact is worse for girls in poor households. Results are robust to using sibling difference estimators, household level production, and rainfall shocks as alternative measures of crop failure
    Additional Edition: Bundervoet, Tom Civil War, Crop Failure, And Child Stunting In Rwanda
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    Online Resource
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    Stabi Berlin
    HWR Berlin
    UB Potsdam
    EUV Frankfurt
    TH Brandenburg
    HTW Berlin
    MPI Bildungsforschung
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Schooling, Violent Conflict, and Gender in Burundi (2013)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    UID:
    b3kat_BV048265853
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (52 p)
    Content: This paper investigates the effect of exposure to violent conflict on human capital accumulation in Burundi. It combines a nationwide household survey with secondary sources on the location and timing of the conflict. Only 20 percent of the birth cohorts studied (1971-1986) completed primary education. Depending on the specification, the probability of completing primary schooling for a boy exposed to violent conflict declines by 7 to 17 percentage points compared to a nonexposed boy, with a decline of 11 percentage points in the preferred specification. In addition, exposure to violent conflict reduces the gender gap in schooling, but only for girls from nonpoor households. Forced displacement is one of the channels through which conflict affects schooling. The results are robust to various specifications and estimation methods
    Additional Edition: Verwimp, Philip Schooling, Violent Conflict, and Gender in Burundi
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-6418
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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    Stabi Berlin
    UB Potsdam
    EUV Frankfurt
    HTW Berlin
    MPI Bildungsforschung
  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Forced Displacement and Refugees in Sub-Saharan Africa : An Economic Inquiry (2015)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    UID:
    b3kat_BV048269080
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (44 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Content: Most reports on refugees deal with the immediate needs of displaced people. This paper seeks to go beyond the emergency phase and explore the challenges surrounding protracted refugee situations. The paper examines the refugee situation in Sub-Saharan Africa from a long-term angle, from the perspective of refugees own agency as well as from the perspective of the host community. The paper aims to shed light on the economic lives of refugees in their host communities. Starting with an overview of the situation of refugees in Sub-Saharan Africa, the paper draws on findings from the literature to debunk some entrenched beliefs about refugees. The discussion of refugee crises in Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania, and Uganda draws some lessons. The decision to return is discussed and it is argued that the decision depends on the socioeconomic condition in the host country versus the country of refuge, integration versus return policies in place, the individual set of skills of each refugee, and his or her subjective perception of the political climate in both countries
    Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe Verwimp, Philip Forced Displacement and Refugees in Sub-Saharan Africa: An Economic Inquiry Washington, D.C : The World Bank, 2015
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-7517
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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    Stabi Berlin
    UB Potsdam
    EUV Frankfurt
    HTW Berlin
    MPI Bildungsforschung
  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Violent Conflict and Gender Inequality : An Overview (2013)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    UID:
    b3kat_BV048265807
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (37 p)
    Content: Violent conflict, a pervasive feature of the recent global landscape, has lasting impacts on human capital, and these impacts are seldom gender neutral. Death and destruction alter the structure and dynamics of households, including their demographic profiles and traditional gender roles. To date, attention to the gender impacts of conflict has focused almost exclusively on sexual and gender-based violence. The authors show that a far wider set of gender issues must be considered to better document the human consequences of war and to design effective postconflict policies. The emerging empirical evidence is organized using a framework that identifies both the differential impacts of violent conflict on males and females (first-round impacts) and the role of gender inequality in framing adaptive responses to conflict (second-round impacts). War's mortality burden is disproportionately borne by males, whereas women and children constitute a majority of refugees and the displaced. Indirect war impacts on health are more equally distributed between the genders. Conflicts create households headed by widows who can be especially vulnerable to intergenerational poverty. Second-round impacts can provide opportunities for women in work and politics triggered by the absence of men. Households adapt to conflict with changes in marriage and fertility, migration, investments in children's health and schooling, and the distribution of labor between the genders. The impacts of conflict are heterogeneous and can either increase or decrease preexisting gender inequalities. Describing these gender differential effects is a first step toward developing evidence-based conflict prevention and postconflict policy
    Additional Edition: Buvinic, Mayra Violent Conflict and Gender Inequality
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-6371
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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    Stabi Berlin
    UB Potsdam
    EUV Frankfurt
    HTW Berlin
    MPI Bildungsforschung
  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Measuring Violent Conflict in Micro-Level Surveys : Current Practices and Methodological Challenges (2016)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    UID:
    b3kat_BV048269285
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (35 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Content: This paper reviews both current practices and common challenges of measuring the causes, functioning, and consequences of violent conflict at the micro-level. The authors review existing conflict- and violence-related survey questionnaires, with a particular focus on the World Bank's Living Standard Measurement Surveys. Further, they discuss methodological challenges associated with empirical work in conflict-affected areas-such as operationalizing a definition of conflict, using the appropriate units of analysis, deciding on the timing of the survey, dealing with data biases and conducting surveys in an ethically sound manner-and propose ways to improve the usefulness of existing surveys to analyze conflict processes at the micro-level. Violent conflict, households, survey methods, questionnaire design
    Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe Bruck, Tilman Measuring Violent Conflict in Micro-Level Surveys : Current Practices and Methodological Challenges Washington, D.C : The World Bank, 2016
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-7585
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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    Stabi Berlin
    UB Potsdam
    EUV Frankfurt
    HTW Berlin
    MPI Bildungsforschung
  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Who Benefited from Burundi's Demobilization Program? (2016)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    UID:
    b3kat_BV048269851
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (50 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Content: This paper assesses the impact of the demobilization, reinsertion and reintegration program in post-war Burundi. Two major rebel groups benefited from cash and in-kind transfers, the CNDD-FDD from 2004, and the FNL from 2010. A panel data of households collected in 2006 and 2010 is combined with official records from the National Commission for Demobilization, Reinsertion and Reintegration. Regression analysis shows that the cash payments received by FNL demobilized households had a positive impact on consumption, nonfood spending and investments. The program also generated positive spillovers in the villages where FNL combatants returned. Ex-combatants indeed spent a large part of their allowance on consumption goods and clothing, thereby generating a short-run economic boom in villages. However, the long-run evolution of consumption indicators is negative for CNDD-FDD households, as well as for villages where CNDD-FDD combatants returned, suggesting that the direct impact and the spillovers of the program vanished in the long run
    Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe D'Aoust, Olivia Who Benefited from Burundi's Demobilization Program? Washington, D.C : The World Bank, 2016
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-7732
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    Stabi Berlin
    UB Potsdam
    EUV Frankfurt
    HTW Berlin
    MPI Bildungsforschung
  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The demographic and socio-economic distribution of excess mortality during the 1994 genocide in Rwanda (2009)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    UID:
    b3kat_BV048264291
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4850
    Content: "There is an extensive literature on violent conflicts such as the 1994 Rwandan genocide, but few papers examine the profiles of victims and perpetrators, or more broadly the micro-level dynamics of widespread violence. This paper studies the demographic consequences of the Rwandan genocide and how the excess mortality due to the conflict was distributed in the population. Data collected by the 2000 Demographic and Health Survey indicate that although there were more deaths across the entire population, adult males were the most likely to die. Using the characteristics of the survey respondent as a proxy for the socio-economic status of the family dead, the results also show that individuals with an urban or more educated background were more likely to die. Over and above the human tragedies, a long-term cost of the genocide is the country's loss of productive skills. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references. - Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009
    Additional Edition: Walque, Damien de The demographic and socio-economic distribution of excess mortality during the 1994 genocide in Rwanda
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-4850
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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    EUV Frankfurt
    HTW Berlin
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