Format:
1 Online-Ressource (xvii, 514 Seiten)
,
Illustrationen
ISBN:
9780128207314
Note:
Front Cover -- Urban Ecology -- URBAN ECOLOGY: EMERGING PATTERNS AND SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS -- Copyright -- Contents -- Contributors -- Foreword -- References -- List of reviewers -- I - Emerging facets of urban ecology eurban and urbanization, theory and concepts -- 1 - Urban ecology - current state of research and concepts -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1 What is urban ecology? -- 1.2 Social-ecological systems and urban metabolism -- 2. State of research in urban ecology -- 2.1 Global trends in the past twodecades (1999-2019) -- 2.2 Country-wise division of urban ecology research (from 2009 to 2019) -- 3. Urban ecology: concepts and definitions -- 3.1 The urban boundary -- 3.2 Urban metabolism -- 3.3 Land use land cover change -- 3.4 Modelling and remote sensing -- 3.5 Disaster risk reduction -- 3.6 Economies of scale -- 3.7 Urban ecological footprint -- 3.8 Urban sustainability indicators -- 3.9 Smart city -- 3.10 Sustainable city -- 3.11 Human health -- 3.12 Integrated approach -- 3.13 Governance and planning -- 4. Conclusions -- References -- Further reading -- 2 - Urban metabolism: old challenges, new frontiers, and the research agenda ahead -- 1. Urban metabolism: from concept to methods -- 1.1 One concept, a variety of methods -- 1.2 A variety of practical applications and end-users -- 2. Challenges and new frontiers for urban metabolism research -- 2.1 Understanding distinct conceptual underpinnings and common methods across ecological sciences -- 2.2 Expressing interdependency between biogeochemical cycles and socioeconomic flows of the urban metabolism -- 2.3 Linking urban metabolism research with design: systematizing the growing evidence-base on nature-based solutions -- 3. Conclusions: a tentative research agenda -- References -- II - Urban land use land cover -- 3 - Urban growth pattern detection and analysis -- 1. Introduction
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2. Satellite image selection -- 3. Preprocessing of satellite imagery -- 4. Image classification methods -- 5. Optimization of postclassification processing -- 6. Accuracy assessment of the classification -- 7. Urbanization detection based on the image time-series -- 8. Results and analysis -- 9. Conclusions -- Acknowledgement -- References -- 4 - Exposition of spatial urban growth pattern using PSO-SLEUTH and identifying its effects on surface temperature -- 1. Background -- 2. Study area -- 3. Method -- 3.1 Data acquisition -- 3.2 Extraction of features -- 3.3 Preprocessing -- 3.4 Land-use analysis: Gaussian maximum likelihood classifier -- 3.5 Land surface temperature: single window algorithm -- 3.6 Landscape modelling and prediction: PSO-SLEUTH -- 4. Results and discussion -- 4.1 Land-use analysis -- 4.2 Land surface temperature -- 4.3 Landscape modelling and prediction -- 5. Conclusion -- Acknowledgement -- References -- III - Social ecological systems -- 5 - Stressors of disaster-induced displacement and migration in India -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Disaster and climate change induced displacements: a theoretical construct -- 3. Disasters and displacement in India -- 4. Case studies -- 4.1 Case study of Kosi floods 2008 -- 4.1.1 Water, sanitation and hygiene -- 4.1.2 Healthcare and infrastructure -- 4.1.3 Security, law and order issues -- 4.1.4 Livelihood -- 4.1.5 Land-use planning -- 4.2 Natural disaster induced migration in/from Odisha -- 4.2.1 A lagging HDI -- 4.2.2 Infrastructure and agriculture -- 4.2.3 Political awareness and assertion -- 5. Discussion -- 6. Conclusion -- References -- 6 - Ecological economics of an urban settlement: an overview -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1 Ecological economics -- 2. Urbanization -- 2.1 Overview -- 2.2 Impacts of urbanization on the ecosystem and its services
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3. Ecosystem services and their valuation in urban settlement -- 3.1 Urban ecosystem services -- 3.2 Ecosystem disservices -- 3.3 Valuation of urban ecosystem services -- 3.3.1 Plurality in values -- 3.3.1.1 Defining values -- 3.3.1.2 What is valuation? -- 3.3.1.2.1 Conventional economics -- 3.3.1.2.2 Environmental economics -- 3.3.1.2.3 Conventional ecology -- 3.3.1.2.4 Ecological economics -- 3.4 Modelling urban ecosystem and valuation of its services -- 3.4.1 Ecological footprint -- 3.4.2 Urban metabolism -- 3.4.2.1 Energy metabolism -- 3.4.2.2 Carbon metabolism -- 3.4.2.3 Material footprints -- 3.4.3 Monetary valuation -- 3.5 Challenges in valuation of urban ecosystem services -- 4. A way forward -- References -- 7 - Urban green space, social equity and human wellbeing -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Background Australia -- 3. Background: Greater Sydney -- 4. Background: Greater Sydney demographics -- 5. Background: Greater Sydney employment -- 6. Methodology -- 7. Results -- 8. Urbanization as a health challenge -- 9. Defining greenspace -- 10. Mental and physical health benefits of urban greenspace -- 10.1 Mental health -- 10.2 Physical health and an active lifestyle -- 11. Social inequity in access to greenspace as an environmental justice issue -- 12. Quality of urban green space -- 13. Summary of Australian research on environmental justice -- 14. Urban greenspace as locally unwanted land use (Lulu) -- 15. Discussion -- 15.1 Demographic considerations -- 15.2 Inclusive green of cities to avoid gentrification -- 15.3 Innovative approaches -- 15.4 Collaboration -- 16. Conclusion -- References -- IV - Urban environment -- 8 - Urbanization, urban agriculture and food security -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1 Urban ecology and the roles of urban agriculture -- 1.2 Productivist agriculture -- 1.3 Urban agriculture -- 1.4 Urban agriculture and food security
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2. Sustainability of agricultural produce and food produce and the linkages between producers and consumers -- 3. The role of human values -- 4. The role of action research in developing sustainable agriculture and healthy food produce -- 5. Conclusions -- References -- 9 - Carbon reduction strategies for the built environment in a tropical city -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Case studies -- 2.1 Building type: school (primary education) -- 2.1.1 Site details -- 2.1.1.1 Climatic conditions -- 2.1.2 Results -- 2.2 Building type: temple complex -- 2.2.1 Site details -- 2.2.2 Results -- 2.3 Building type: college (secondary education) -- 2.3.1 Site details -- 2.3.2 Results -- 2.4 Building type: public auditorium -- 2.4.1 Site details -- 2.4.2 Results -- 3. Discussion -- 4. Energy savings -- 5. Carbon reduction -- 6. Economic feasibility -- 7. Conclusions -- References -- 10 - Trends in active and sustainable mobility: experiences from emerging cycling territories of Dhaka and Innsbruck -- 1. Background -- 2. Urban cycling: rising trend in Dhaka -- 2.1 Modal shift in urban transport -- 2.2 Barriers in cycling: incompetent planning, social hindrance and negative reaction from other modes -- 3. Story of transition in Innsbruck: the cycling capital of Austria -- 3.1 Key drivers in the last decades -- 4. Policy recommendation -- 5. Discussion and conclusion -- References -- 11 - Air quality and its impact on urban environment -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Urban pollutant emission flux and their fate in the major cities around the world -- 3. Air quality and human health -- 4. Air pollution and urban vegetation -- 5. Temperature and urban microclimate -- 6. Atmospheric pollutants removal -- 7. Urban infrastructure and ventilation coefficient -- 8. Case study of urban air quality of Delhi
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8.1 Temporal evolution and interannual variability of anthropogenic and natural aerosols over Delhi -- 8.2 Spatial distribution of different aerosols component during different seasons -- 8.2.1 BC extinction coefficient -- 8.2.2 SO4 scattering -- 8.2.3 Dust column density -- 8.2.4 Total scattering -- 9. Conclusion -- References -- 12 - Sustainable water management in megacities of the future -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Literature review -- 2.1 Urban water management - historical perspective -- 2.2 Sustainable water management in megacities - new agenda -- 3. Methodology -- 4. Results -- 5. Discussion and conclusion -- Acknowledgment -- References -- 13 - Comparing invasive alien plant community composition between urban, peri-urban and rural areas -- the city of Ca ... -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Methods -- 2.1 Study area -- 2.2 Site selection -- 2.3 Field sampling and experimental design -- 2.4 Statistical analyses -- 3. Results -- 4. Discussion -- 4.1 The difference in IAP species abundance and richness between urban, peri-urban and rural areas -- 4.2 Habitat condition is responsible for promoting the establishment and facilitating the invasion of IAPs into natural areas -- 4.3 Practical implications for management -- Acknowledgements -- References -- V - Urban material balance -- 14 - Types, sources and management of urban wastes -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Urbanization -- 2.1 Types of urban wastes -- 2.1.1 Solid wastes -- 2.1.1.1 Garbage/trash -- 2.1.2 Liquid waste -- 2.1.2.1 Wastewater -- 2.1.3 Plastic wastes -- 2.1.4 Paper waste -- 2.1.5 Metal waste -- 2.1.6 Ceramics and glass wastes -- 2.1.7 Organic wastes -- 2.1.7.1 Urban organic wastes (UOW) -- 2.1.7.2 Residential organic wastes -- 2.1.8 Recyclable wastes -- 2.1.9 Hazardous wastes -- 2.1.9.1 Major contributors -- 2.1.9.2 Hazardous hospital waste -- 2.1.10 Nonhazardous wastes
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2.1.11 Radioactive wastes
Additional Edition:
Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe ISBN 978-0-12-820730-7
Language:
English
Keywords:
Stadtökologie
;
Stadt
;
Ökosystem
;
Aufsatzsammlung
DOI:
10.1016/C2018-0-05562-0
URL:
Volltext
(URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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