feed icon rss

Ihre E-Mail wurde erfolgreich gesendet. Bitte prüfen Sie Ihren Maileingang.

Leider ist ein Fehler beim E-Mail-Versand aufgetreten. Bitte versuchen Sie es erneut.

Vorgang fortführen?

Exportieren
  • 1
    UID:
    b3kat_BV048269294
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (37 p)
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Inhalt: This paper discusses the scope for market mechanisms, already established for greenhouse gas mitigation in Annex 1 countries that ratified the Kyoto Protocol, for implementing "net mitigation," defined here as mitigation beyond Annex 1 countries' formal mitigation requirements under the Kyoto Protocol. Such market mechanisms could be useful for establishing and extending greenhouse gas mitigation targets also under the Paris Agreement from December 2015. Net mitigation is considered in two possible forms: as a "net atmospheric benefit," or as an "own contribution" by offset host countries. A main conclusion is that a "net atmospheric benefit" is possible at least in the short run, best implemented via stricter baselines against which offsets are credited; but it can also take the form of offset iscounting whereby offset buyers are credited fewer credits. The latter, although generally inefficient, can be a second-best response to certain imperfections in the offset market, which are discussed in the paper. There is less merit for claiming that "own contributions" can lead to additional mitigation under existing mechanisms
    Weitere Ausg.: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe Strand, Jon Assessment of Net Mitigation in the Context of International Greenhouse Gas Emissions Control Mechanisms Washington, D.C : The World Bank, 2016
    Sprache: Englisch
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 2
    UID:
    b3kat_BV048269966
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (38 p)
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Inhalt: What is the utility from obtaining more precise values of natural resource objects (rainforests), through surveys or other similar information gathering? In the value of information problems studied here, a principal who wishes to preserve a resource sets a price to offer to a seller without knowing precisely the protection value or opportunity value, to the seller. The value of information related to more precise information about the protection value for the principal is a key issue in environmental and natural resource valuation, but it is in most cases implicit and not analyzed. More precise resource values reduce the frequency of two types of mistakes (saving the resource when it should not be saved, and not saving the resource when it should be saved), and increases the principal's ex ante expected utility value. This paper applies the model to Amazon rainforest protection and considers the hypothetical value of perfect information. The analysis finds that the value of perfect information can easily exceed realistic information costs, thus perhaps justifying significant expenditures for valuation studies, given that all available information is used efficiently for conservation decision purposes. The value of perfect information also depends on the nature of buyer-seller interactions, and is higher in the altruistic case, where the principal has full concern for the outcome for the seller
    Weitere Ausg.: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe Strand, Jon Value of Improved Information about Forest Protection Values, with Application to Rainforest Valuation Washington, D.C : The World Bank, 2015
    Sprache: Englisch
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 3
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    UID:
    b3kat_BV048269988
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (18 p)
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Inhalt: A rainforest can be modeled as a dynamic asset subject to various risks, including risk of fire. Any small part of the forest can be in one of two states: either untouched by forest fire, or already damaged by fire, in which case there is both a local forest loss and increased dryness over a broader area. In this paper, two Bellman equations are constructed, one for unharmed forest and a second for already burnt forest. The analysis solves the two equations for the total expected asset values in each of the two states, assuming that asset returns have a constant growth rate over time. The equations are used for deriving the marginal value of standing (unburnt) rainforest, equivalent to the expected discounted value loss when losing a small additional forest patch. The paper shows that marginal forest value is increased by the additional dryness and forest fire risk that follow from forest fragmentation when additional forest is lost locally. Both forest fires and dryness here serve as "multipliers" to the basic services return loss, within and outside the forest. The paper also presents a framework for calibrating the impact of the forest fire risk component on forest value
    Weitere Ausg.: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe Strand, Jon Modeling the Marginal Value of Rainforest Losses: A Dynamic Value Function Approach Washington, D.C : The World Bank, 2015
    Sprache: Englisch
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 4
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, DC, USA : World Bank Group, Development Economics, Development Research Group
    UID:
    gbv_1666275115
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 31 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: Policy research working paper 8775
    Inhalt: The Amazon rainforest, the world's largest tropical rainforest and an important constituent of the global biosphere, continues degrading by rapid deforestation, which is expected to continue despite policies to prevent it. Current international funding to protect the Amazon rainforest focuses on benefits from reduced carbon emissions. This paper examines an additional rationale for Amazon protection: the valuation of its biodiversity and forests as natural heritage to the international community. To measure the economic value of this benefit, the paper examines U.S. and Canadian households' willingness to pay to help finance Amazon rainforest protection. The analysis finds that mean willingness to pay to avoid forest losses projected to occur by 2050 despite current protective policies is USD 92 per household per year. Aggregating across all households and considering the area protected, the analysis finds that preserving the Amazon rainforest is worth USD 3,168 per hectare (95-percent confidence interval USD 1,580-USD 4,756), on average, to households in the United States and Canada. Considering households in other developed countries would generate yet larger estimates of aggregate value, likely comparable to the carbon benefits from rainforest protection. The results reveal high values of the Amazon rainforest to people geographically distanced from it, lending support to international efforts to reduce deforestation in the Amazon
    Weitere Ausg.: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe Siikamaki, Juha Veikko International Willingness to Pay for the Protection of the Amazon Rainforest Washington, D.C : The World Bank, 2019
    Sprache: Englisch
    Schlagwort(e): Graue Literatur
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 5
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, DC, USA : World Bank Group, Development Economics, Development Research Group
    UID:
    gbv_1675738475
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 41 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: Policy research working paper 8914
    Inhalt: This paper considers the impacts of "finance blending" whereby climate finance is added to international carbon markets for offset trading. The paper first discusses climate finance and the carbon market as free-standing finance solutions by high-income countries to increase mitigation in low-income countries. Climate finance solutions have advantages for high-income countries due to their greater flexibility and general efficiency. A favorable aspect of well-functioning offset markets is that all participating countries face a similar and robust carbon price. With finance blending and "all attribution to the carbon market," the market equilibrium is inefficient, as mitigation is excessive in low-income countries and too low in high-income countries. Instead, mitigation outcomes in the offset market should be attributed to the two finance types in proportion to their finance shares provided to the low-income countries through this market. When climate finance is added to the carbon market, the ambition level for emissions reductions for donor countries should be raised equivalently; otherwise, the added climate finance leads to no increase in global mitigation. When low-income country market participants have limited access to credit markets, climate finance can increase mitigation by supplying the capital required to implement efficient mitigation projects
    Weitere Ausg.: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe Strand, Jon Climate Finance, Carbon Market Mechanisms and Finance "Blending" as Instruments to Support NDC Achievement under the Paris Agreement Washington, D.C : The World Bank, 2019
    Sprache: Englisch
    Schlagwort(e): Graue Literatur
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 6
    UID:
    b3kat_BV045389008
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (XVII, 985 p. 661 illus., 537 illus. in color)
    ISBN: 9783030013707
    Serie: Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing 867
    Weitere Ausg.: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe ISBN 978-3-030-01369-1
    Weitere Ausg.: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe ISBN 978-3-030-01371-4
    Sprache: Englisch
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 7
    UID:
    b3kat_BV048274385
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (41 Seiten)
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Inhalt: This paper considers the impacts of "finance blending" whereby climate finance is added to international carbon markets for offset trading. The paper first discusses climate finance and the carbon market as free-standing finance solutions by high-income countries to increase mitigation in low-income countries. Climate finance solutions have advantages for high-income countries due to their greater flexibility and general efficiency. A favorable aspect of well-functioning offset markets is that all participating countries face a similar and robust carbon price. With finance blending and "all attribution to the carbon market," the market equilibrium is inefficient, as mitigation is excessive in low-income countries and too low in high-income countries. Instead, mitigation outcomes in the offset market should be attributed to the two finance types in proportion to their finance shares provided to the low-income countries through this market. When climate finance is added to the carbon market, the ambition level for emissions reductions for donor countries should be raised equivalently; otherwise, the added climate finance leads to no increase in global mitigation. When low-income country market participants have limited access to credit markets, climate finance can increase mitigation by supplying the capital required to implement efficient mitigation projects
    Weitere Ausg.: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe Strand, Jon Climate Finance, Carbon Market Mechanisms and Finance "Blending" as Instruments to Support NDC Achievement under the Paris Agreement Washington, D.C : The World Bank, 2019
    Sprache: Englisch
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 8
    UID:
    gbv_1018530797
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (xxxii, 344 Seiten)
    Ausgabe: 2014
    ISBN: 9781509902767 , 9781509902743 , 9781509902750
    Serie: Swedish studies in European law v. 8
    Inhalt: Introduction to the directive on competition damages actions / Ulf Bernitz -- Private enforcement of EU competition law : a comparison with, and lessons from, the US / Alison Jones -- Welfare-enhancing effects of private enforcement : a practical approach and the Swedish perspective / Lars Henriksson -- Challenges for Swedish courts : will the new directive on competition damages actions help? / Ingeborg Simonsson -- The damages directive and other enforcement measures in EU competition law / Vladimir Bastidas -- Embedding procedural autonomy : the directive and national procedural rules / Pieter van Cleynenbreugel -- Private enforcement of competition law in intellectual property cases / Paul Torremans -- Transparency and liability in leniency programmes: a question of balancing? / Xavier Groussot and Justin Pierce -- Access to documents for cartel victims and cartel members : is the system coherent? / Björn Lundqvist and Helene Andersson -- Practical private enforcement : perspectives from Portugal / Sofia Oliveira Pais -- Practical private enforcement : perspectives from Poland / Anna Piszcz -- Practical private enforcement : perspectives from Finland : causal links, the principle of effectiveness and requirements for national solutions / Katri Havu -- Practical private enforcement : perspectives from Greece and the Netherlands / Agis Karpetas -- Indirect purchasers : is there anything new in the directive? an introductory overview of the current and future status of indirect purchasers in the EU / Elisabeth Eklund -- Beyond the competition damages directive : what room for competition law restitution? / Magnus Strand -- The presumption of harm and its quantification in the directive and the practical guide / Marios Iacovides
    Anmerkung: Enthält bibliographische Angaben und einen Index , Includes text of "Directive 2014/104/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 November 2014 on certain rules governing actions for damages under national law for infringements of the competition law provisions of the member states and of the European Union, [2014] OJ L 349/1 , Includes papers presented as a conference "EU Competition Law and the Emerging Harmonization of Private Enforcement : The Upcoming Directive and Beyond" sponsored by the Swedish Network for European Legal Studies in cooperation with the Law Department at Uppsala University, in Uppsala on 17 May 2014.--ECIP preface
    Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 9781849467629
    Weitere Ausg.: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe Harmonising EU competition litigation Oxford : Hart Publishing, 2016 ISBN 9781849467629
    Sprache: Englisch
    Fachgebiete: Rechtswissenschaft
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Europäisches Parlament ; Sachschaden ; Wettbewerbsregeln ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Konferenzschrift
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 9
    UID:
    b3kat_BV048274246
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (31 Seiten)
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Inhalt: The Amazon rainforest, the world's largest tropical rainforest and an important constituent of the global biosphere, continues degrading by rapid deforestation, which is expected to continue despite policies to prevent it. Current international funding to protect the Amazon rainforest focuses on benefits from reduced carbon emissions. This paper examines an additional rationale for Amazon protection: the valuation of its biodiversity and forests as natural heritage to the international community. To measure the economic value of this benefit, the paper examines U.S. and Canadian households' willingness to pay to help finance Amazon rainforest protection. The analysis finds that mean willingness to pay to avoid forest losses projected to occur by 2050 despite current protective policies is USD 92 per household per year. Aggregating across all households and considering the area protected, the analysis finds that preserving the Amazon rainforest is worth USD 3,168 per hectare (95-percent confidence interval USD 1,580-USD 4,756), on average, to households in the United States and Canada. Considering households in other developed countries would generate yet larger estimates of aggregate value, likely comparable to the carbon benefits from rainforest protection. The results reveal high values of the Amazon rainforest to people geographically distanced from it, lending support to international efforts to reduce deforestation in the Amazon
    Weitere Ausg.: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe Siikamaki, Juha Veikko International Willingness to Pay for the Protection of the Amazon Rainforest Washington, D.C : The World Bank, 2019
    Sprache: Englisch
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 10
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Cham : Springer International Publishing
    UID:
    b3kat_BV044665171
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (XIII, 349 p. 8 illus., 7 illus. in color)
    ISBN: 9783319646022
    Weitere Ausg.: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe ISBN 978-3-319-64601-5
    Sprache: Englisch
    Schlagwort(e): Aufsatzsammlung
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
Schließen ⊗
Diese Webseite nutzt Cookies und das Analyse-Tool Matomo. Weitere Informationen finden Sie auf den KOBV Seiten zum Datenschutz