In:
American Journal of Veterinary Research, American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA), Vol. 62, No. 2 ( 2001-02-01), p. 237-247
Abstract:
Objective —To elucidate the ultrastructural details of
calcium oxalate-containing urinary calculi from dogs. Sample Population —38 specimens selected from a
collection of 8,297 oxalate-containing urinary calculi from dogs: 22 specimens composed of calcium
oxalate (calcium oxalate monohydrate [COM] , calcium
oxalate dihydrate [COD] , or COM and COD) and
16 specimens composed of calcium oxalate with amorphous calcium phosphate. Procedure —Analyses of specimens included use of
plain, reflected, and polarized light microscopy, X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM)
with backscattered electron (BSE) imagery, and electron microprobe analysis. Results —Four texture types were observed in calcium
oxalate calculi; 4 texture types of calcium oxalatecalcium phosphate-mixed calculi were recognized.
Texture types were delineated through differences in calcium oxalate crystal sizes, which were affected by
urine supersaturation and abundance of crystal nucleation sites. Segregation of calcium oxalate from calcium
phosphate indicated they do not precipitate under the same conditions. Deposition of calcium phosphate
between calcium oxalate crystals decreased the volume of pore spaces within calculi. Porosity
was observed along boundaries between COM and COD. Minute pores increased the surface area of calculi
exposed to urine, and this increase in liquid-solid interface promotes interaction of crystals with the
surrounding urine. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance —Calcium
oxalate urolithiasis is of major concern, because it is often a recurrent disease among dogs, principally
treated by surgical removal of calculi, with few effective dissolution strategies. Understanding the ultrastructure
and mineralogic content of calcium oxalate and its association with amorphous calcium phosphate
is a step toward the solution of this increasingly important medical problem. ( Am J Vet Res 2001;62:237–247)
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
0002-9645
DOI:
10.2460/ajvr.2001.62.237
Language:
Unknown
Publisher:
American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)
Publication Date:
2001
detail.hit.zdb_id:
2056942-7
SSG:
22
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