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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Research Data Management and Data Sharing for Reproducible Research—Results of a Community Survey of the German National Research Data Infrastructure Initiative Neuroscience
    Society for Neuroscience ; 2023
    In:  eneuro Vol. 10, No. 2 ( 2023-02), p. ENEURO.0215-22.2023-
    Details
    In: eneuro, Society for Neuroscience, Vol. 10, No. 2 ( 2023-02), p. ENEURO.0215-22.2023-
    Abstract: Science is changing: the volume and complexity of data are increasing, the number of studies is growing and the goal of achieving reproducible results requires new solutions for scientific data management. In the field of neuroscience, the German National Research Data Infrastructure (NFDI-Neuro) initiative aims to develop sustainable solutions for research data management (RDM). To obtain an understanding of the present RDM situation in the neuroscience community, NFDI-Neuro conducted a comprehensive survey among the neuroscience community. Here, we report and analyze the results of the survey. We focused the survey and our analysis on current needs, challenges, and opinions about RDM. The German neuroscience community perceives barriers with respect to RDM and data sharing mainly linked to (1) lack of data and metadata standards, (2) lack of community adopted provenance tracking methods, (3) lack of secure and privacy preserving research infrastructure for sensitive data, (4) lack of RDM literacy, and (5) lack of resources (time, personnel, money) for proper RDM. However, an overwhelming majority of community members (91%) indicated that they would be willing to share their data with other researchers and are interested to increase their RDM skills. Taking advantage of this willingness and overcoming the existing barriers requires the systematic development of standards, tools, and infrastructure, the provision of training, education, and support, as well as additional resources for RDM to the research community and a constant dialogue with relevant stakeholders including policy makers to leverage of a culture change through adapted incentivization and regulation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2373-2822
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1523/ENEURO.0215-22.2023
    Language: English
    Publisher: Society for Neuroscience
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2800598-3
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Novel Role of Vasopressin in the Brain: Modulation of Activity-Dependent Water Flux in the Neocortex
    Society for Neuroscience ; 2001
    In:  The Journal of Neuroscience Vol. 21, No. 9 ( 2001-05-01), p. 3045-3051
    Details
    In: The Journal of Neuroscience, Society for Neuroscience, Vol. 21, No. 9 ( 2001-05-01), p. 3045-3051
    Abstract: The brain contains an intrinsic vasopressin fiber system the function of which is unknown. It has been demonstrated recently that astrocytes express high levels of a water channel, aquaporin-4 (AQP4). Because vasopressin is known to regulate aquaporin expression and translocation in kidney collecting ducts and thereby control water reabsorption, we hypothesized that vasopressin might serve a similar function in the brain. By recording intrinsic optical signals in an acute cortical slice preparation we showed that evoked neuronal activity generates a radial water flux in the neocortex. The rapid onset and high capacity of this flux suggest that it is mediated through the AQP4-containing astrocytic syncytium that spans the entire thickness of the neocortical mantle. Vasopressin and vasopressin receptor V1a agonists were found to facilitate this flux. V1a antagonists blocked the facilitatory effect of vasopressin and reduced the water flux even in the absence of any exogenous agonist. V2 agonists or antagonists had no effect. These data suggest that vasopressin and V1a receptors play a crucial role in the regulation of brain water and ion homeostasis, most probably by modulating aquaporin-mediated water flux through astrocyte plasma membranes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0270-6474 , 1529-2401
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.21-09-03045.2001
    Language: English
    Publisher: Society for Neuroscience
    Publication Date: 2001
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1475274-8
    SSG: 12
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    GABA Depolarizes Immature Neocortical Neurons in the Presence of the Ketone Body β-Hydroxybutyrate
    Society for Neuroscience ; 2010
    In:  The Journal of Neuroscience Vol. 30, No. 47 ( 2010-11-24), p. 16002-16007
    Details
    In: The Journal of Neuroscience, Society for Neuroscience, Vol. 30, No. 47 ( 2010-11-24), p. 16002-16007
    Abstract: A large body of evidence suggests that the neurotransmitter GABA undergoes a developmental switch from being predominantly depolarizing–excitatory to predominantly hyperpolarizing–inhibitory. Recently published data, however, point to the possibility that the presumed depolarizing mode of GABA action during early development might represent an artifact due to an insufficient energy supply of the in vitro preparations used. Specifically, addition of the ketone body dl -β-hydroxybutyrate (βHB) to the extracellular medium was shown to prevent GABA from exerting excitatory effects. Applying a complementary set of minimally invasive optical and electrophysiological techniques in brain slices from neonatal mice, we investigated the effects of βHB on GABA actions in immature cells of the upper cortical plate. Fluorescence imaging revealed that GABA-mediated somatic [Ca 2+ ] transients, that required activation of GABA A receptors and voltage-gated Ca 2+ channels, remained unaffected by βHB. Cell-attached current-clamp recordings showed that, in the presence of βHB, GABA still induced a membrane potential depolarization. To estimate membrane potential changes quantitatively, we used cell-attached recordings of voltage-gated potassium currents and demonstrated that the GABA-mediated depolarization was independent of supplementation of the extracellular solution with βHB. We conclude that, in vitro , GABA depolarizes immature cells of the upper cortical plate in the presence of the ketone body βHB. Our data thereby support the general concept of an excitatory-to-inhibitory switch of GABA action during early development.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0270-6474 , 1529-2401
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2534-10.2010
    Language: English
    Publisher: Society for Neuroscience
    Publication Date: 2010
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1475274-8
    SSG: 12
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Stroke accelerates and uncouples intrinsic and synaptic excitability maturation of mouse hippocampal DCX+ adult-born granule cells
    Society for Neuroscience ; 2019
    In:  The Journal of Neuroscience
    Details
    In: The Journal of Neuroscience, Society for Neuroscience
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0270-6474 , 1529-2401
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3303-17.2018
    Language: English
    Publisher: Society for Neuroscience
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1475274-8
    SSG: 12
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Differential Downregulation of GABA A Receptor Subunits in Widespread Brain Regions in the Freeze-Lesion Model of Focal Cortical Malformations
    Society for Neuroscience ; 2000
    In:  The Journal of Neuroscience Vol. 20, No. 13 ( 2000-07-01), p. 5045-5053
    Details
    In: The Journal of Neuroscience, Society for Neuroscience, Vol. 20, No. 13 ( 2000-07-01), p. 5045-5053
    Abstract: Focal cortical malformations comprise a heterogeneous group of disturbances of brain development, commonly associated with drug-resistant epilepsy and/or neuropsychological deficits. Electrophysiological studies on rodent models of cortical malformations demonstrated intrinsic hyperexcitability in the lesion and the structurally intact surround, indicating widespread imbalances of excitation and inhibition. Here, alterations in regional expression of GABA A receptor subunits were investigated immunohistochemically in adult rats with focal cortical malformations attributable to neonatal freeze-lesions. These lesions are morphologically characterized by a three- to four-layered cortex with microsulcus formation. Widespread regionally differential reduction of GABA A receptor subunits α1, α2, α3, α5, and γ2 was observed. Within the cortical malformation, this downregulation was most prominent for subunits α5 and γ2, whereas medial to the lesion, a significant and even stronger decrease of all subunits was detected. Lateral to the dysplastic cortex, the decrease was most prominent for subunit γ2 and moderate for subunits α1, α2, and α5, whereas subunit α3 was not consistently altered. Interestingly, the downregulation of GABA A receptor subunits also involved the ipsilateral hippocampal formation, as well as restricted contralateral neocortical areas, indicating widespread disturbances in the neocortical and hippocampal network. The described pattern of downregulation of GABA A receptor subunits allows the conclusion that there is a considerable modulation of subunit composition. Because alterations in subunit composition critically influence the electrophysiological and pharmacological properties of GABA A receptors, these alterations might contribute to the widespread hyperexcitability and help to explain pharmacotherapeutic characteristics in epileptic patients.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0270-6474 , 1529-2401
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.20-13-05045.2000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Society for Neuroscience
    Publication Date: 2000
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1475274-8
    SSG: 12
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effects of Temporary Functional Deafferentation on the Brain, Sensation, and Behavior of Stroke Patients
    Society for Neuroscience ; 2012
    In:  The Journal of Neuroscience Vol. 32, No. 34 ( 2012-08-22), p. 11773-11779
    Details
    In: The Journal of Neuroscience, Society for Neuroscience, Vol. 32, No. 34 ( 2012-08-22), p. 11773-11779
    Abstract: Following stroke, many patients suffer from chronic motor impairment and reduced somatosensation in the stroke-affected body parts. Recent experimental studies suggest that temporary functional deafferentation (TFD) of parts of the stroke-affected upper limb or of the less-affected contralateral limb might improve the sensorimotor capacity of the stroke-affected hand. The present study sought evidence of cortical reorganization and related sensory and motor improvements following pharmacologically induced TFD of the stroke-affected forearm. Examination was performed during 2 d of Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy. Thirty-six human patients were deafferented on the stroke-affected forearm by an anesthetic cream (containing lidocaine and prilocaine) on one of the 2 d, and a placebo cream was applied on the other. The order of TFD and placebo treatment was counterbalanced across patients. Somatosensory and motor performance were assessed using a Grating orienting task and a Shape-sorter-drum task, and with somatosensory-evoked magnetic fields. Evoked magnetic fields showed significant pre- to postevaluation magnitude increases in response to tactile stimulation of the thumb of the stroke-affected hand during TFD but not following placebo treatment. We also observed a rapid extension of the distance between cortical representations of the stroke-affected thumb and little finger following TFD but not following placebo treatment. Moreover, somatosensory and motor performance of the stroke-affected hand was significantly enhanced during TFD but not during placebo treatment. Thus, pharmacologically induced TFD of a stroke-affected forearm might improve the somatosensory and motor functions of the stroke-affected upper limb, accompanied by cortical plasticity.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0270-6474 , 1529-2401
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5912-11.2012
    Language: English
    Publisher: Society for Neuroscience
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1475274-8
    SSG: 12
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