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  • Cytomegalovirus Infections
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  • 1
    Article
    Article
    Treatment of Cytomegalovirus Diseases (1997)
    Details
    Language: English
    In: Intervirology, 1997, Vol.40(5-6), pp.357-367
    Description: This review summarizes current strategies for the treatment of human cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection/diseases in high-risk patients such as transplant recipients and AIDS patients. Since the major drugs ganciclovir (Cytovene), foscarnet (Foscavir) and cidofovir (Vistide) are frequently associated with severe side effects and the formation of viral resistance, it should be endeavored to develop better strategies in anti-CMV treatment. Moreover, blocking of the viral replication does not always resolve the manifestations which are often linked with CMV-associated immunopathomechanisms. Thus, the efficacy of the available drugs is also discussed in the light of their ability to modulate inflammatory components of the cell-mediated immune system.
    Keywords: Treatment of Viral Diseases ; Human Cytomegalovirus ; Antiviral Therapy ; New Drugs ; Biology
    ISBN: 9783805567251
    ISBN: 3805567251
    ISSN: 0300-5526
    E-ISSN: 1423-0100
    DOI: 10.1159/000150568
    URL: view record in Karger (Access to full text may be restricted)
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  • 2
    Article
    Article
    Effect of desferrioxamine (DFO) and calcium trinatrium diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) on rat cytomegalovirus replication in vitro and in vivo (1999)
    Details
    Language: English
    In: Antiviral Research, 1999, Vol.44(1), pp.55-65
    Description: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a major problem in the immunosuppressed patient. It is thought that besides direct CMV induced cell lysis, immunological damage is part of CMV pathogenesis. New antiviral drugs, which combine immunomodulating and antiviral qualities, could be beneficial. Recently, it has been described that desferrioxamine (DFO) and calcium trinatrium diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) exhibit both properties. In this report the antiviral effects of both compounds against rat CMV (RCMV) are described in vitro and in vivo using a generalised and local infection model. In vitro , both compounds exhibited a significant antiviral effect, DTPA being more potent than DFO. However, in the generalised infection model no effect was seen on mortality, morbidity or presence of virus in internal organs. In rats infected subcutaneously in the hind paw, no effect was seen locally on paw thickness, presence of viral antigens and inflammatory response. In addition, these rats suffered from a generalised infection of low magnitude at 15 days post infection, although both DFO and DTPA were able to lower the level of viral replication. In conclusion, our data indicate that despite in vitro activity, in vivo usage of DFO or DTPA for acute CMV infection is not warranted.
    Keywords: Rat Cytomegalovirus ; Dfo ; Dtpa ; In Vitro ; In Vivo ; Medicine ; Biology
    ISSN: 0166-3542
    E-ISSN: 1872-9096
    DOI: 10.1016/S0166-3542(99)00054-6
    URL: View record in ScienceDirect (Access to full text may be restricted)
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  • 3
    Article
    Article
    Oncomodulation by human cytomegalovirus: novel clinical findings open new roads (2011)
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    Language: English
    In: Medical microbiology and immunology, 2011, Vol.200(1), pp.1-5
    Description: The question whether human cytomegalovirus may affect cancer diseases has been discussed (very controversially) for decades. There are convinced believers and strict opponents of the idea that HCMV might be able to play a role in the course of cancer diseases. In parallel, the number of published reports on the topic is growing. Recently published and presented (Ranganathan P, Clark P, Kuo JS, Salamat S, Kalejta RF. A Survey of Human Cytomegalovirus Genomic Loci Present in Glioblastoma Multiforme Tissue Samples. 35th Annual International Herpes Workshop, Salt Lake City, 2010) data on HCMV detection in glioblastoma tissues and colocalisation of HCMV proteins with cellular proteins known to be relevant for glioblastoma progression motivated us to recapitulate the current state of evidence. ; Includes references ; p. 1-5.
    Keywords: Neoplasms ; Cytomegalovirus ; Glioblastoma ; Tumour Virus ; Neuroblastoma ; Oncomodulation
    ISSN: 0300-8584
    E-ISSN: 14321831
    DOI: 10.1007/s00430-010-0177-7
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  • 4
    Article
    Article
    Human Cytomegalovirus Infection Decreases Expression of Thrombospondin-1 Independent of the Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 (1999)
    Details
    Language: English
    In: The American Journal of Pathology, 1999, Vol.155(1), pp.285-292
    Description: Thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) is a potent inhibitor of angiogenesis. It has been shown that promoter sequences of the TSP-1 gene can be transactivated by the wild-type tumor suppressor protein p53. As human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection inactivates wild-type p53 of various cell types, we investigated whether HCMV infection is associated with reduced TSP-1 production. We found, in conjunction with accumulated p53, that TSP-1 mRNA and protein expression was significantly reduced in HCMV-infected cultured human fibroblasts. To determine whether the observed TSP-1 suppression depends on p53 inactivation, the p53-defective astrocytoma cell line U373MG was infected with HCMV. In these cells TSP-1 expression was also significantly reduced by HCMV infection whereas expression of the p53 mutant variant remained unaltered. In both cell lines the decreased expression of TSP-1 mRNA occurred early after infection (4 hours), indicating that HCMV inhibits TSP-1 transcription during the immediate-early phase of infection before HCMV DNA replication. Inhibition of HCMV DNA synthesis by ganciclovir did not influence TSP-1 reduction whereas the antisense oligonucleotide ISIS 2922, complementary to HCMV immediate-early mRNA, completely prevented the HCMV-mediated TSP-1 suppression. These findings strongly suggest a novel role for HCMV in the modulation of angiogenesis due to p53-independent down-regulation of TSP-1 expression.
    Keywords: Medicine
    ISSN: 0002-9440
    E-ISSN: 1525-2191
    DOI: 10.1016/S0002-9440(10)65122-X
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  • 5
    Article
    Article
    Measurement of cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity of human cytomegalovirus seropositive individuals by a highly sensitive coupled luminescent method (2009)
    Details
    Language: English
    In: Medical microbiology and immunology, 2009, Vol.198(4), pp.257-262
    Description: A coupled luminescent method (CLM) based on glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase released from injured target cells was used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of antigen-specific HLA class I-restricted CTLs. In contrast to established methods, CLM does not require the pretreatment of target cells with radioactive or toxic labeling substances. CTLs from healthy HLA-A2 positive donors were stimulated by autologous dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with HLA-A2 restricted HCMV-pp65 nonamer peptides. HLA-A2 positive T2 cells or autologous monocytes pulsed with HCMV-pp65 nonamer peptide served as target cells. Lysis was detected only in HCMV-pp65-pulsed target cells incubated with CTLs from seropositive donors stimulated by HCMV-pp65-pulsed DCs. After 3 days, stimulation 38% of T2 cells and 17% of monocytes were lysed at an effector to target ratio of 8:1. In conclusion, CLM represents a highly sensitive, fast, material-saving and non-toxic/non-radioactive method for the measurement of antigen-specific CTL cytotoxic activity. ; Includes references ; p. 257-262.
    Keywords: Dendritic Cells -- Measurement ; Dendritic Cells -- Methods ; Peptides -- Measurement ; Peptides -- Methods ; Hla Antigens -- Measurement ; Hla Antigens -- Methods ; Virus Diseases -- Measurement ; Virus Diseases -- Methods ; Phosphates -- Measurement ; Phosphates -- Methods ; T Cells -- Measurement ; T Cells -- Methods;
    ISSN: 0300-8584
    E-ISSN: 14321831
    DOI: 10.1007/s00430-009-0126-5
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  • 6
    Article
    Article
    Human Cytomegalovirus Infection of Tumor Cells Downregulates NCAM (CD56): A Novel Mechanism for Virus-Induced Tumor Invasiveness' (2004)
    Details
    Language: English
    In: Neoplasia: An International Journal for Oncology Research, 01 July 2004, Vol.6(4), pp.323-331
    Description: Pathologic data indicate that human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection might be associated with the pathogenesis of several human malignancies. However, no definitive evidence of a causal link between HCMV infection and cancer dissemination has been established to date. This study describes the...
    Keywords: Hcmv ; Ncam ; Tumor Dissemination ; N-Myc ; P73 ; Medicine
    ISSN: 1476-5586
    ISSN: 15228002
    E-ISSN: 1476-5586
    DOI: 10.1593/neo.03418
    URL: View full text in DOAJ
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  • 7
    Article
    Article
    Human Cytomegalovirus Infection Alters PC3 Prostate Carcinoma Cell Adhesion to Endothelial Cells, Extracellular Matrix (2006)
    Details
    Language: English
    In: Neoplasia: An International Journal for Oncology Research, 01 October 2006, Vol.8(10), pp.807-816
    Description: The genome, antigens of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) are frequently found in prostatic carcinoma. However, whether this infection is causative or is an epiphenomenon is not clear. We therefore investigated the ability of HCMV to promote metastatic processes, defined by tumor cell adhesion to...
    Keywords: Adhesion ; Hcmv ; Integrins ; Oncomodulation ; Prostate Carcinoma Cells ; Medicine
    ISSN: 1476-5586
    ISSN: 15228002
    E-ISSN: 1476-5586
    DOI: 10.1593/neo.06379
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