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Article

A Method for Correcting Perspective Distortions in Video Tracking of Animals in a Morris Basin (2015)

Korshunov, V.

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Language: English

In: Neuroscience and Behavioral Physiology, 2015, Vol.45(9), pp.1077-1081

Description: Studies of the correlation between neuron activity and behavior require objective measurement of animal movement. This is obtained using video recordings followed by analysis of video images. The conditions for recording neuron activity in a Morris basin require the video camera to be positioned at an angle to the water surface, which leads to perspective distortion of the images and, as a result, errors in trajectory analysis. In the present study we present a method for correcting perspective distortions.

Keywords: rats ; Morris basin ; neuron activity ; video tracking ; perspective distortions

ISSN: 0097-0549

E-ISSN: 1573-899X

DOI: 10.1007/s11055-015-0188-3

URL: View full text in Springer (Subscribers only)

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Ribosomal Protein L17, RpL17, is an Inhibitor of Vascular Smooth Muscle Growth and Carotid Intima Formation (2012)

Smolock, M., Elaine ; Korshunov, A., Vyacheslav ; Glazko, C., Galina ; [et al.]

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In: Circulation, 2012, Vol.126(20), pp.2418-2427

Description: BACKGROUND—: Carotid intima-media thickening is associated with increased cardiovascular risk in humans. We discovered that intima formation and cell proliferation in response to carotid injury is greater in SJL/J (SJL) in comparison with C3HeB/FeJ (C3H/F) mice. The purpose of this study was to identify candidate genes contributing to intima formation. METHODS AND RESULTS—: We performed microarray and bioinformatic analyses of carotid arteries from C3H/F and SJL mice. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis showed that the ribosome pathway was significantly up-regulated in C3H/F in comparison with SJL mice. Expression of a ribosomal protein, RpL17, was 〉40-fold higher in C3H/F carotids in comparison with SJL. Aortic vascular smooth muscle cells from C3H/F grew slower in comparison to SJL. To determine the role of RpL17 in vascular smooth muscle cell growth regulation, we analyzed the relationship between RpL17 expression and cell cycle progression. Cultured vascular smooth muscle cells from mice, rats, and humans showed that RpL17 expression inversely correlated with growth as shown by decreased cells in S phase and increased cells in G0/G1. To prove that RpL17 acted as a growth inhibitor in vivo, we used pluronic gel delivery of RpL17 small interfering RNA to C3H/F carotid arteries. This resulted in an 8-fold increase in the number of proliferating cells. Furthermore, following partial carotid ligation in SJL mice, RpL17 expression in the intima and media decreased, but the number of proliferating cells increased. CONCLUSIONS—: RpL17 acts as a vascular smooth muscle cell growth inhibitor (akin to a tumor suppressor) and represents a potential therapeutic target to limit carotid intima-media thickening.

Keywords: Medicine ; Anatomy & Physiology;

ISSN: 0009-7322

E-ISSN: 15244539

DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.112.125971

URL: View record at Wolters Kluwer Health Ovid Technologies

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3

Article

Miniature multichannel preamplifier for extracellular recordings of single unit activity in freely moving and swimming small animals (2012)

Korshunov, Victor A

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Language: English

In: Journal of Neuroscience Methods, 30 April 2012, Vol.206(1), pp.15-22

Description: ► We described the multichannel preamplifier for neuronal recordings in small animals. ► The device may be used in any kinds of tasks including swimming in Morris water maze. ► Reusable headstage can adopt both chronically implanted and movable wire electrodes. ► For the first time multichannel recordings of neuronal activity were made in swimming mice. The design of a miniature multichannel preamplifier for extracellular recordings of single unit activity in freely moving and swimming small animals is presented. The advantages of this design include perfect protection of the critical components and electric contacts from water. Thus, neuronal activity and EEG may be recorded differentially in any kinds of behavioral tasks including swimming in Morris water maze. Recordings are stable even if an animal is diving and swimming under the water surface. The reusable dismountable base can adopt different types of chronically implanted fine wire electrodes and movable arrays. Electrodes may be implanted to any desired depth. The assembly weight is less than 240 mg. Thus, the construction is light enough even for mice. This work is the first successful attempt for multichannel recording of neuronal activity in mice performing spatial task in Morris water maze.

Keywords: Multichannel Preamplifier ; Reusable Base ; Microdrive ; Fine Wire Electrodes ; Single Unit Activity ; Freely Moving Animals ; Swimming Mice and Rats ; Water Maze ; Medicine ; Anatomy & Physiology

ISSN: 0165-0270

E-ISSN: 1872-678X

DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2012.02.007

URL: View record in ScienceDirect (Access to full text may be restricted)

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4

Article

Axl-dependent signalling: a clinical update (2012)

Korshunov, Vyacheslav A

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Language: English

In: Clinical science (London, England : 1979), April 2012, Vol.122(8), pp.361-8

Description: Axl is a receptor tyrosine kinase that was originally cloned from cancer cells. Axl belongs to the TAM (Tyro3, Axl and Mertk) family of receptor tyrosine kinases. Gas6 (growth-arrest-specific protein 6) is a ligand for Axl. Activation of Axl protects cells from apoptosis, and increases migration, aggregation and growth through multiple downstream pathways. Up-regulation of the Gas6/Axl pathway is more evident in pathological conditions compared with normal physiology. Recent advances in Axl receptor biology are summarized in the present review. The emphasis is given to translational aspects of Axl-dependent signalling under pathological conditions. In particular, inhibition of Axl reduces tumorigenesis and prevents metastasis as well. Axl-dependent signals are important for the progression of cardiovascular diseases. In contrast, deficiency of Axl in innate immune cells contributes to the pathogenesis of autoimmune disorders. Current challenges in Axl biology are related to the functional interactions of Axl with other members of the TAM family or other tyrosine kinases, mechanisms of ligand-independent activation, inactivation of the receptor and cell-cell interactions (with respect to immune cells) in chronic diseases.

Keywords: Signal Transduction ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins -- Metabolism ; Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases -- Metabolism

ISSN: 01435221

E-ISSN: 1470-8736

DOI: 10.1042/CS20110411

URL: View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed

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5

Article

Influence of Essentiale and Succinic acid on liver bioenergetics in experimental Paracetamol intoxication (2018)

D. A. Korshunov

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Language: English

In: Bûlleten' Sibirskoj Mediciny, 01 December 2018, Vol.8(4), pp.70-74

Description: The influence of hepatoprotector phospholipid nature Essentiale and Essenciale combination with succinic acid on the metabolism of liver injury caused by Paracetamol in rats has been investigated. As a result of therapy was decreased Paracetamol hepatotoxicity — in the blood reduced the aminotransferases, alkaline phosphatase activity, bilirubin content, in liver homogenates decreased production of diene conjugates, Schiff bases and malondialdehyde. Essentiale improved the oxidative phosphorylation conjugacy without influence on liver mitochondria respiratory activity kinetic parameters. Combined application of Essentiale and succinic acid normalized the liver mitochondria respiratory function.

Keywords: Paracetamol ; Essenciale ; Succinic Acid ; Liver ; Mitochondria ; Medicine

ISSN: 1682-0363

E-ISSN: 1819-3684

DOI: 10.20538/1682-0363-2009-4-70-74

Source: Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)

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6

Article

An activated mutant BRAF kinase domain is sufficient to induce pilocytic astrocytoma in mice (2011)

Gronych, Jan ; Korshunov, Andrey ; Bageritz, Josephine ; [et al.]

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Language: English

In: The Journal of clinical investigation, April 2011, Vol.121(4), pp.1344-8

Description: Pilocytic astrocytoma (PA) is the most common type of primary brain tumor in children and the second most frequent cancer in childhood. Children with incompletely resected PA represent a clinically challenging patient cohort for whom conventional adjuvant therapies are only moderately effective. This has produced high clinical demand for testing of new molecularly targeted treatments. However, the development of new therapeutics for PA has been hampered by the lack of an adequate in vivo tumor model. Recent studies have identified activation of MAPK signaling, mainly by oncogenic BRAF activation, as a hallmark genetic event in the pathogenesis of human PA. Using in vivo retroviral somatic gene transfer into mouse neural progenitor cells, we have shown here that ectopic expression of the activated BRAF kinase domain is sufficient to induce PA in mice. Further in vitro analyses demonstrated that overexpression of activated BRAF led to increased proliferation of primary mouse astrocytes that could be inhibited by treatment with the kinase inhibitor sorafenib. Our in vivo model for PA shows that the activated BRAF kinase domain is sufficient to induce PA and highlights its role as a potential therapeutic target.

Keywords: Astrocytoma -- Etiology ; Brain Neoplasms -- Etiology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-Raf -- Genetics

ISSN: 00219738

E-ISSN: 1558-8238

DOI: 10.1172/JCI44656

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7

Article

Localized WR-1065 Delivery to Murine Salivary Glands has Radioprotective Effect and Hemodynamic Benefit Over Systemic Administration (2017)

Varghese, J.J ; Schmale, I ; Hansen, M.E ; [et al.]

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Language: English

In: International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics, 01 October 2017, Vol.99(2), pp.E622-E622

Description: To link to full-text access for this article, visit this link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.06.2100 Byline: J.J. Varghese, I. Schmale, M.E. Hansen, D. Mickelsen, V. Korshunov, D. Benoit, C. Ovitt Author Affiliation: University of Rochester, Rochester, NY Article Note: (footnote) Author Disclosure: J.J. Varghese: Research Grant; National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute. I. Schmale: None. M.E. Hansen: None. D. Mickelsen: None. V. Korshunov: Research Grant; International Association for Dental Research. D. Benoit: Research Grant; National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Craniofacial and Dental Research (NIDCR), National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases( NIAMS), National Science Foundation. Patent/License Fees/Copyright; Taithera, PhaseRx, Patent. Scientific Review; Frontiers in B. C. Ovitt: Employee; University of Rochester. Research Grant; International Association for Dental Research, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Craniofacial and Dental Research (NIDCR).

Keywords: Medicine

ISSN: 0360-3016

E-ISSN: 1879-355X

DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.06.2100

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8

Article

Glycolysis Inhibitors Monoiodoacetate and 2-Deoxyglucose as Antitumor Agents: Experimental Study on Lewis Lung Carcinoma Model (2018)

Korshunov, D. ; Klimov, I. ; Ivanov, V. ; [et al.]

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Language: English

In: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine, 2018, Vol.165(5), pp.695-697

Description: Antitumor effects of glycolysis inhibitors monoiodoacetate and 2-deoxyglucose were studied on Lewis lung carcinoma model. Monoiodoacetate exhibited antitumor and antimetastatic activities, being not inferior of methotrexate (reference drug); however, the preparation also demonstrated high systemic toxicity. 2-Deoxyglucose exhibited only antitumor effect, while its antimetastatic activity did not differ from the result in the group without treatment.

Keywords: Warburg effect ; glycolysis inhibitors ; tumor

ISSN: 0007-4888

E-ISSN: 1573-8221

DOI: 10.1007/s10517-018-4244-1

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9

Article

Platelet factor 4 mediates vascular smooth muscle cell injury responses (2013)

Shi, Guanfang ; Field, David J ; Long, Xiaochun ; [et al.]

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Language: English

In: Blood, 23 May 2013, Vol.121(21), pp.4417-27

Description: Activated platelets release many inflammatory molecules with important roles in accelerating vascular inflammation. Much is known about platelet and platelet-derived mediator interactions with endothelial cells and leukocytes, but few studies have examined the effects of platelets on components of the vascular wall. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) undergo phenotypic changes in response to injury including the production of inflammatory molecules, cell proliferation, cell migration, and a decline in the expression of differentiation markers. In this study, we demonstrate that the platelet-derived chemokine platelet factor 4 (PF4/CXCL4) stimulates VSMC injury responses both in vitro and in vivo in a mouse carotid ligation model. PF4 drives a VSMC inflammatory phenotype including a decline in differentiation markers, increased cytokine production, and cell proliferation. We also demonstrate that PF4 effects are mediated, in part, through increased expression of the transcription factor Krüppel-like factor 4. Our data indicate an important mechanistic role for platelets and PF4 in VSMC injury responses both in vitro and in vivo.

Keywords: Blood Platelets -- Immunology ; Carotid Artery Injuries -- Immunology ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular -- Immunology ; Platelet Factor 4 -- Metabolism ; Vasculitis -- Immunology

ISSN: 00064971

E-ISSN: 1528-0020

DOI: 10.1182/blood-2012-09-454710

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10

Article

Immune Modulation of Vascular Resident Cells by Axl Orchestrates Carotid Intima-Media Thickening (2012)

Gerloff, Janice ; Korshunov, Vyacheslav A

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Language: English

In: The American Journal of Pathology, May 2012, Vol.180(5), pp.2134-2143

Description: Cellular mechanisms of carotid intima-media thickening (IMT) are largely unknown. The receptor tyrosine kinase Axl is essential for function of both bone marrow (BM) and non-BM cells. We studied the mechanisms by which expression in BM-derived cells (compared with non-BM-derived cells) mediates carotid IMT. Partial ligation of the left carotid artery resulted in a similar carotid blood flow reduction in chimeras. Neither irradiation nor bone marrow transplantation had any effect on the 40% difference in carotid IMT between genotypes. Axl-dependent survival is very important for intimal leukocytes; however, expression in BM cells contributes to 〈30% of carotid IMT. Axl in non-BM cells has a greater effect on carotid remodeling. Expression of in non-BM cells is crucial for the up-regulation of several key proinflammatory signals (eg, IL-1) in the carotid. We found that Axl is involved in immune activation of cultured smooth muscle cells and in immune heterogeneity of medial cells (measured by major histocompatibility complex class II) after carotid injury. Finally, a lack of Axl in non-BM cells increased collagen Iα expression, which may play a critical role in carotid remodeling. Our data suggest that Axl contributes to carotid remodeling not only by inhibition of apoptosis but also via regulation of immune heterogeneity of vascular cells, cytokine/chemokine expression, and extracellular matrix remodeling.

Keywords: Medicine

ISSN: 0002-9440

E-ISSN: 1525-2191

DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2012.01.036

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Kooperativer Bibliotheksverbund

Berlin Brandenburg