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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Prevention of Experimental Haemophilus ducreyi Infection: A Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 1998
    In:  The Journal of Infectious Diseases Vol. 177, No. 6 ( 1998-06), p. 1608-1613
    Details
    In: The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 177, No. 6 ( 1998-06), p. 1608-1613
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-1899 , 1537-6613
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1086/jid.1998.177.issue-6
    DOI: 10.1086/515320
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 1998
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1473843-0
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Comparison Oftheocular Beta-Blockers
    SAGE Publications ; 1996
    In:  Annals of Pharmacotherapy Vol. 30, No. 1 ( 1996-01), p. 43-54
    Details
    In: Annals of Pharmacotherapy, SAGE Publications, Vol. 30, No. 1 ( 1996-01), p. 43-54
    Abstract: To compare the similarities and differences among the ocular beta-blockers. Important considerations when comparing these agents are the differences in systemic adverse effects, local tolerability, and cost. DATA SOURCE: Information was retrieved from a MEDLINE search of the English-language literature and bibliographic reviews of review articles. Index terms included beta-blockers, glaucoma, timolol, levobunolol, betaxolol, metipranolol, and Carteolol. STUDY SELECTION: Emphasis was placed on eyedrop studies, as well as properly designed and executed clinical trials that assessed dosage, dosing interval, therapeutic response, adverse effects, and cost. DATA EXTRACTION: Data from several studies were evaluated according to the study design, therapeutic response, and adverse effects. DATA SYNTHESIS: Timolol maleate, levobunolol, metipranolol, and Carteolol have similar effectiveness in lowering intraocular pressure; however, levobunolol and timolol gel forming solution may have an advantage of once-daily dosing. Studies have not been published comparing the clinical efficacy of timolol hemihydrate with that of other ocular beta-blockers. Metipranolol is cost effective in treating primary open-angle glaucoma; however, it has been associated with more ocular burning, stinging, and granulomatous anterior uveitis than other agents. The intrinsic sympathomimetic activity of Carteolol has not yet displayed a definite advantage over the other agents in terms of optic disk perfusion and systemic adverse effects. The control of intraocular pressure with betaxolol has not always been as good as with timolol; however, betaxolol has some advantages over timolol and the other topical beta-blockers in terms of systemic adverse effects. CONCLUSIONS: Considering cost, efficacy, and safety, timolol maleate is the recommended formulary agent because the other agents cannot consistently show an outstanding advantage.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1060-0280 , 1542-6270
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/106002809603000109
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 1996
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2053518-1
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Hydroxyurea in the Treatment of HIV-1
    SAGE Publications ; 2000
    In:  Annals of Pharmacotherapy Vol. 34, No. 1 ( 2000-01), p. 89-93
    Details
    In: Annals of Pharmacotherapy, SAGE Publications, Vol. 34, No. 1 ( 2000-01), p. 89-93
    Abstract: To describe the role of hydroxyurea in the treatment of HIV-1. DATA SOURCES: Published clinical studies using hydroxyurea in HIV treatment were accessed through MEDLINE (January 1994–March 1999) and conference abstracts. All relevant studies were evaluated. DATA SYNTHESIS: Adherence, expense, and resistance limit the pharmacotherapeutic options in the management of patients with HIV. Hydroxyurea may be an alternative to conventional HIV treatments. CONCLUSIONS: Several potential advantages of adding hydroxyurea to antiretroviral treatment regimens include the drug's well-documented toxicity, convenient dosing, good tolerability and low cost, and its unique mechanism of action. Hydroxyurea may have synergistic effects that prove promising in initial and salvage therapy antiretroviral regimens. Larger, well-controlled clinical studies are needed to adequately define the role of hydroxyurea in the treatment of HIV.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1060-0280 , 1542-6270
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1345/aph.19004
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2000
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2053518-1
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Effect of Domain on Usage Patterns and Perceptions of the Internet: Focusing on Healthcare Professionals
    SAGE Publications ; 1998
    In:  Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting Vol. 42, No. 5 ( 1998-10), p. 521-525
    Details
    In: Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, SAGE Publications, Vol. 42, No. 5 ( 1998-10), p. 521-525
    Abstract: Several studies have explored user perceptions of the Internet. These studies gathered demographic data, likes, dislikes, and ideas for changes that would make the World-Wide Web more effective and appealing. Unfortunately, the sampling strategies utilized in these previous studies result in biases toward more experienced Internet users. This is acceptable if the users of your system are familiar with the Internet, but provides little useful information about less experienced users. In this study we replicated portions of an earlier study with a new user population by exploring usage patterns and perceptions of the Internet and WWW within the healthcare industry. Our results differ significantly from those reported earlier highlighting the importance of the sampling strategy utilized when gathering such information. When compared to the results of the previous study, healthcare professionals use the Internet less; expressed different likes, dislikes, and difficulties; had less confidence in their knowledge about the WWW tools they use; and felt that different enhancements would be useful.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2169-5067 , 1071-1813
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/154193129804200516
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 1998
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2415770-3
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Advances in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Therapeutics
    SAGE Publications ; 2006
    In:  Annals of Pharmacotherapy Vol. 40, No. 4 ( 2006-04), p. 704-709
    Details
    In: Annals of Pharmacotherapy, SAGE Publications, Vol. 40, No. 4 ( 2006-04), p. 704-709
    Abstract: To review recent advances in the management of persons infected with HIV. Data Sources: A MEDLINE search (March 2003–February 2006) was done to identify recent articles on antiretroviral therapy research, adverse effects, and investigational products. Abstracts and programs of major HIV conferences, held from January 2003 to June 2005, were also reviewed for relevant material. Study Selection and Data Extraction: Studies and observations conducted with either recently approved or investigational products were selected for inclusion, with conference abstracts primarily used. Excluded were topics covered in recent publications in The Annals. Data Synthesis: New modalities for treating HIV, including the CXCR4 and CCR5 receptor inhibitors, have so far shown promise in trial. Tipranavir, a recently approved protease inhibitor, has been shown to be effective in highly resistant patients, but may be unable to be combined with other protease inhibitors. Once-daily emtricitabine and tenofovir have shown superiority compared with lamivudine and zidovudine as backbone nucleoside analogs for combination antiretroviral therapy. Pharmacokinetic considerations for age, gender, race, and which agents are being discontinued have emerged. Conclusions: Much progress has been made in the treatment of HIV infection. Tolerability and adherence remain major obstacles to optimizing regimen longevity.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1060-0280 , 1542-6270
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1345/aph.1G423
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2006
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2053518-1
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Successful Vancomycin Desensitization in a Patient with End-Stage Renal Disease and Anaphylactic Shock to Vancomycin
    SAGE Publications ; 1998
    In:  Annals of Pharmacotherapy Vol. 32, No. 10 ( 1998-10), p. 1020-1023
    Details
    In: Annals of Pharmacotherapy, SAGE Publications, Vol. 32, No. 10 ( 1998-10), p. 1020-1023
    Abstract: To report successful desensitization in a patient with a history of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and anaphylactic shock after receiving vancomycin. CASE SUMMARY: A 47-year-old white woman with a history of ESRD was admitted to the hospital reporting persistent nausea, vomiting, and diffuse abdominal pain. She had developed anaphylactic shock after exposure to vancomycin 3 years prior to this hospitalization. The patient's hospital course was complicated by septic shock and positive blood cultures for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis. The patient tolerated vancomycin desensitization and received intravenous vancomycin 100 mg/d for 21 days. DISCUSSION: The desensitization protocol used in this report allows for gradual increases in vancomycin serum concentrations, avoiding peak and trough concentrations that occur with intravenous boluses. Maintaining the desensitized state is dependent on the continuous presence of the antigen with a return of clinical sensitivity after drug discontinuation. The vancomycin desensitization protocol and subsequent dosing strategy was used to ensure the continuous presence of vancomycin at steady-state concentrations to prevent the return of anaphylactic sensitivity. CONCLUSIONS: Desensitization was successful in a patient with ESRD and history of anaphylactic shock to vancomycin.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1060-0280 , 1542-6270
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1345/aph.17411
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 1998
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2053518-1
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Nelfinavir Desensitization
    SAGE Publications ; 2001
    In:  Annals of Pharmacotherapy Vol. 35, No. 5 ( 2001-05), p. 553-556
    Details
    In: Annals of Pharmacotherapy, SAGE Publications, Vol. 35, No. 5 ( 2001-05), p. 553-556
    Abstract: To report the first case of nelfinavir desensitization in an HIV patient who was intolerant to protease inhibitors. CASE SUMMARY: A 43-year-old HIV-positive white man was treated with several protease inhibitors. The patient developed rashes in response to all protease inhibitors. His viral load was controlled only in the presence of a protease inhibitor. The patient tolerated nelfinavir longer than the other agents; therefore, the decision was made to attempt to desensitize him to nelfinavir. A six-hour inpatient protocol was used, and he tolerated the procedure without event. His disease is now well managed without recurrence of the rash. DISCUSSION: The use of protease inhibitors has had a major impact on the morbidity and mortality of HIV-infected patients. Despite their benefits, this class of drugs is not without adverse effects. Allergic reactions in the form of rashes may develop, which can severely limit treatment options in HIV patients. We report the first case of rapid desensitization of nelfinavir in a patient who developed rashes to several protease inhibitors. CONCLUSIONS: Intolerance to protease inhibitors due to rash is a well-documented phenomenon. In HIV patients, this can limit treatment options severely. This case demonstrates how desensitization to nelfinavir can be performed successfully.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1060-0280 , 1542-6270
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1345/aph.10150
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2001
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2053518-1
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Therapeutic Failure of Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole in the Treatment of Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia
    SAGE Publications ; 1999
    In:  Annals of Pharmacotherapy Vol. 33, No. 4 ( 1999-04), p. 413-415
    Details
    In: Annals of Pharmacotherapy, SAGE Publications, Vol. 33, No. 4 ( 1999-04), p. 413-415
    Abstract: To report a case of failure of treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) in a patient with HIV infection, despite an adequate serum SMX concentration. CASE SUMMARY: A 52-year-old white man was treated with TMP/SMX for PCP. After discharge he returned to the hospital with worsening of the PCP despite a serum SMX concentration of 60 μg/mL 18 hours after his last dose of TMP/SMX. DISCUSSION: PCP is one of the most common complications of HIV infection. TMP/SMX is the drug of choice for prophylaxis and treatment. The causes of therapeutic failure with this agent are not well documented. CONCLUSIONS: Alternative therapies to TMP/SMX should be seriously considered if the serum concentrations are therapeutic and the patient is not clinically improved.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1060-0280 , 1542-6270
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1345/aph.18225
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 1999
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2053518-1
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Letters
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 1994
    In:  American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy Vol. 51, No. 11 ( 1994-06-01), p. 1470-1470
    Details
    In: American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 51, No. 11 ( 1994-06-01), p. 1470-1470
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1079-2082 , 1535-2900
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/ajhp/51.11.1470
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 1994
    SSG: 15,3
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