Kooperativer Bibliotheksverbund

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Format: 1 Online-Ressource (17 Seiten)

Content: Improved wheat varieties have ameliorated our food production. Intensive cropping systems, as in Germany, achieve very high grain yields and thus contribute greatly to global food security. As diseases, especially fungal pathogens, pose major threats in winter wheat production, disease management is crucial to uphold high production levels and to avoid economic losses. Yet, the economic value of breeding varieties with increased resistance to fungal pathogens has not been analyzed with comprehensive data. Our analysis fills this gap by quantifying the economic effects of 50 years of resistance breeding for winter wheat production in Germany. Based on field trials and agronomic production data, we analyze how resistances have influenced the economic profitability of the crops. Thereby, we can isolate the pure breeding-induced effects of increased resistance to fungal pathogens, which cause leaf and stripe rust, powdery mildew, and Fusarium head blight. We calculated the gross margins of 176 varieties according to nitrogen and fungicide applications in field trials. Regression models show that resistance breeding had a strong positive and statistically significant effect on the gross margins of the varieties. In comparison, the specific meta-environment of the season had a larger effect, while the effect of high nitrogen as well as fungicide treatments was lower. The gross margin increased over time along with higher resistances. Simultaneously, the difference in gross margins between the fungicide-treated and untreated variants decreased, indicating an increased contribution of resistances to yield stability. Resistances have increased gross margins greatly, as the health levels of varieties remain high without the need for fungicide applications and thus production costs can be saved. We conclude that resistance breeding has increased the economic profitability and sustainability of crop production due to a reduction in the costs for fungicides. In fields of farmers, these positive effects of resistance breeding can be fully realized by an optimal variety choice and a variety- and situation-specific disease management. Such an agronomic practice would not only further improve winter wheat gross margins but also mitigate some of the pressures on agricultural productions, such as reduced disease management options and adverse climate change impacts.

Content: Peer Reviewed

Note: This article was supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG) and the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.

In: Lausanne : Frontiers Media, 3

Language: English

DOI: 10.18452/23521

DOI: 10.3389/fagro.2021.730894

URN: urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/24180-3

URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)

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Format: 1 online resource (xxv, 586 pages) : , illustrations (some color)

ISBN: 9781786762467 , 1786762463 , 9781786762474 , 1786762471 , 0429275463 , 9781786762450 , 1786762455 , 9781000729542 , 1000729540 , 9780429275463

Series Statement: Burleigh Dodds series in agricultural science ; number 60

Content: This book provides a comprehensive review of advances in breeding techniques for cereals such as wheat, barley maize and rye. Part 1 discusses ways of better exploiting genetic diversity through techniques such as trait introgression. Parts 2-3 then summarise developments in the use of doubled haploids and hybrid breeding methods. Parts 4-5 review advances in high throughput phenotyping and its use in identifying markers for breeding using techniques such as genome-wide association studies and nested association mapping

Note: Exploiting genetic diversity. , Alien introgression and breeding of synthetic wheat / , Use of the secondary gene pool of barley in breeding improved varieties / , Marker-assisted trait introgression for wheat breeding and research / , Doubled haploids. , Doubled haploid production in wheat / , Doubled haploid (DH) production for barley / , Production of doubled haploid lines for hybrid breeding in maize / , Hybrid breeding. , Prerequisites, procedures and potential of hybrid breeding in wheat / , Challenges and developments in hybrid breeding in barley / , Selection strategies in hybrid rye with special consideration of fungal disease resistances / , High through-put phenotyping, genetic markers and QTL mapping. , Non-invasive field phenotyping of cereal development / , Theory and application of phenotyping in wheat for different target environments / , Development of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers for cereal breeding and crop research : current methods and future prospects / , Mapping and isolation of major resistance genes in cereals / , Leveraging the QTLome to enhance climate change resilience in cereals / , Advances in statistical methods to handle large data sets for genome-wide association mapping in crop breeding / , Nested association mapping in barley to identify extractable trait genes / , Genome-wide association studies and genomic selection. , Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in wheat / , Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in barley / , Genomic prediction in cereals : advantages and drawbacks / , Site-directed genome modification in barley and wheat /

Additional Edition: Print version: Advances in breeding techniques for cereal crops. [Place of publication not identified] BURLEIGH DODDS Science PU, 2019 ISBN 1786762447

Language: English

Keywords: Electronic books. ; Electronic books.

DOI: 10.19103/AS.2019.0051

URL: https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9780429275463

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Format: xxv, 586 Seiten : , Illustrationen, Diagramme.

ISBN: 978-1-78676-244-3

Series Statement: Burleigh Dodds series in agricultural science Number 60

Language: English

Subjects: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science

Author information: Ordon, Frank, 1963-