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1
UID:
gbv_79079182X
Format: Online Ressource (xix, 958 pages)
ISBN: 0444816313 , 9780444816313
Series Statement: Handbooks in economics 16
Content: Distributional issues may not have always been among the main concerns of the economic profession. Today, in the beginning of the 2000s, the position is different. During the last quarter of a century, economic growth proved to be unsteady and rather slow on average. The situation of those at the bottom ceased to improve regularly as in the preceding fast growth and full-employment period. Europe has seen prolonged unemployment and there has been widening wage dispersion in a number of OECD countries. Rising affluence in rich countries coexists, in a number of such countries, with the persistence of poverty. As a consequence, it is difficult nowadays to think of an issue ranking high in the public economic debate without some strong explicit distributive implications. Monetary policy, fiscal policy, taxes, monetary or trade union, privatisation, price and competition regulation, the future of the Welfare State are all issues which are now often perceived as conflictual because of their strong redistributive content. Economists have responded quickly to the renewed general interest in distribution, and the contents of this Handbook are very different from those which would have been included had it been written ten or twenty years ago. It has now become common to have income distribution variables playing a pivotal role in economic models. The recent interest in the relationship between growth and distribution is a good example of this. The surge of political economy in the contemporary literature is also a route by which distribution is coming to re-occupy the place it deserves. Within economics itself, the development of models of imperfect information and informational asymmetries have not only provided a means of resolving the puzzle as to why identical workers get paid different amounts, but have also caused reconsideration of the efficiency of market outcomes. These models indicate that there may not necessarily be an efficiency/equity trade-off; it may be possible to make progress on both fronts. The introduction and subsequent 14 chapters of this Handbook cover in detail all these new developments, insisting at the same time on how they tie with the previous literature on income distribution. The overall perspective is intentionally broad. As with landscapes, adopting various points of view on a given issue may often be the only way of perceiving its essence or reality. Accordingly, income distribution issues in the various chapters of this volume are considered under their theoretical or their empirical side, under a normative or a positive angle, in connection with redistribution policy, in a micro or macro-economic context, in different institutional settings, at various point of space, in a historical or contemporaneous perspective. Specialized readers will go directly to the chapter dealing with the issue or using the approach they are interested in. For them, this Handbook will be a clear and sure reference. To more patient readers who will go through various chapters of this volume, this Handbook should provide the multi-faceted view that seems necessary for a deep understanding of most issues in the field of distribution
Note: Includes bibliographical references and indexes. - Print version record , Income distribution and economics / A.B. Atkinson and F. BourguignonSocial justice and distribution of income / A.K. Sen -- Measurement of inequality / F.A. Cowell -- Three centuries of inequality in Britain and America / P.H. Lindert -- Historical perspectives on income distribution : the case of Europe / C. Morrisson -- Empirical evidence on incomne inequality in industrial countries / P. Gottschalk and T.M. Smeeding -- Income poverty in advanced countries / M. Jäntti and S. Danziger -- Theories of the distribution of earnings / D. Neal and S. Rosen -- Theories of persistent inequality and integenerational mobility / T. Piketty -- Macroeconomics of distribution and growth / G. Bertola -- Wealth inequality, wealth constraints and economic performance / P. Bardhan, S. Bowles and H. Gintis -- The distribution of wealth / J.B. Davies and A.F. Shorrocks -- Redistribution / R. Boadway and M. Keen -- Income distribution and development / R. Kanbur -- Income distribution, economic systems and transition / J. Flemming and J. Micklewright.
Additional Edition: ISBN 0444816313
Additional Edition: ISBN 9780444816313
Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe Handbook of income distribution Amsterdam ; New York : Elvesier, 2000
Language: English
Subjects: Economics
RVK:
Keywords: Einkommen ; Einkommensverteilung ; Electronic reference books ; Electronic books
URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
Author information: Bourguignon, François 1945-
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Associated Volumes
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    UID:
    gbv_1831639076
    ISBN: 0444816313
    In: Handbook of income distribution, Amsterdam : Elvesier, 2000, (2000), Seite I-1-I-18, 0444816313
    In: 9780444816313
    In: year:2000
    In: pages:I-1-I-18
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 3
    UID:
    gbv_183163922X
    ISBN: 0444816313
    Content: This chapter reviews the bearing of theories of social justice on the analysis and evaluation of income distribution and related features of economic inequality. The assessment of income distribution involves both descriptive and prescriptive issues and the ideas of the way social justice influence both. The connection is immediate in the case of normative analysis, because the concepts of social justice can be central to ethical norms for assessing the optimality or acceptability of the distributions of income. But the connections with descriptive and predictive issues can be, ultimately, no less important. People's attitudes toward, or reactions to, actual income distributions can be significantly influenced by the correspondenceor the lack thereofbetween (1) their ideas of what is normatively tolerable and (2) what they actually see in the society around them. The ideas of social justice can sway actual behavior and actions. In assessing the likelihood of discontent or protest or disapproval or the political feasibility of particular policies, which are primarily descriptive and predictive issues (rather than prescriptive ones), it can be useful, indeed crucial, to have some understanding of the ideas of justice that command respect in the society in question. A complete theory of justice need not insist on a complete ranking of all possible alternatives. The resilient presence of competing grounds of justice has strong implications on the discipline of inequality evaluation in general and of the assessment of income distribution in particular.
    In: Handbook of income distribution, Amsterdam : Elvesier, 2000, (2000), Seite 59-85, 0444816313
    In: 9780444816313
    In: year:2000
    In: pages:59-85
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 4
    UID:
    gbv_1831639130
    ISBN: 0444816313
    Content: Where such behaviors as risk-taking and hard work are not subject to complete contracts, some distributions of assets (for instance the widespread use of tenancy) may preclude efficient contractual arrangements. In particular, the distribution of wealth may affect: (a) residual claimancy over income streams; (b) exit options in bargaining situations; (c) the relative capacities of actors to exploit common resources; (d) the capacity to punish those who deviate from cooperative solutions; and (e) the pattern of both risk aversion and the subjective cost of capital in the population.
    In: Handbook of income distribution, Amsterdam : Elvesier, 2000, (2000), Seite 541-603, 0444816313
    In: 9780444816313
    In: year:2000
    In: pages:541-603
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 5
    UID:
    gbv_1831639122
    ISBN: 0444816313
    Content: This chapter is concerned with the distribution of personal wealth, which usually refers to the material assets that can be sold in the marketpace, although on occasion pension rights are also included. We summarise the available evidence on wealth distribution for a number of countries. This confirms the well known fact that wealth is more unequally distributed than income, and points to a long term downward trend in wealth inequality over most of the twentieth century. We also review the various theories that help account for these feature. Lifecycle accumulation is one popular explanation of wealth differences, but inheritance is also widely recognised as playing a major role, especially at the upper end of the wealth range. A recurrent theme in work on wealth distribution is the relative importance of these two sources of wealth differences. We discuss the results of studies that assess the contributions of inheritance and lifecycle factors, and give attention also to a variety of related issues, such as the link between wealth status across generations, and the possible motives for leaving bequests.
    In: Handbook of income distribution, Amsterdam : Elvesier, 2000, (2000), Seite 605-675, 0444816313
    In: 9780444816313
    In: year:2000
    In: pages:605-675
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 6
    UID:
    gbv_1831639114
    ISBN: 0444816313
    Content: This paper reviews some of the central issues that arise in thinking about the motives for, politics of, constraints on and measurement of, redistribution. Amongst the themes are: the potential usefulness of apparently inefficient policy instruments in overcoming the self-selection constraints on redistribution and limiting the damage that ill-intentioned policymakers can do; the continued (perhaps increased) ignorance as to the effective incidence of many key taxes and benefits; and, while there are circumstances in which redistribution may plausibly generate efficiency gains, the likelihood that some trade-off between equity and efficiency is inescapable.
    In: Handbook of income distribution, Amsterdam : Elvesier, 2000, (2000), Seite 677-789, 0444816313
    In: 9780444816313
    In: year:2000
    In: pages:677-789
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 7
    UID:
    gbv_1831639106
    ISBN: 0444816313
    Content: This paper is a review of the post-war literature on income distribution and development. It argues that the literature has cycled from one consensus to another, responding to emerging policy issues and new analysis. On the basis of the review, the paper identifies five areas that will command the attention of analysts in the coming two decades: (i) country case studies rather than cross-country regression analysis; (ii) the phenomenon of increasing inequality; (iii) different levels of disaggregation, particularly distribution between broadly defined groups; (iv) intra-household allocation; and (v) alternative modes of redistribution in face of inequality increasing tendencies.
    In: Handbook of income distribution, Amsterdam : Elvesier, 2000, (2000), Seite 791-841, 0444816313
    In: 9780444816313
    In: year:2000
    In: pages:791-841
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 8
    UID:
    gbv_1831639084
    ISBN: 0444816313
    Content: We consider the differences in income distribution between market and planned economies in two ways. First, using benchmarks from the OECD area we review evidence from the countries of Central and Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union during the socialist period. Second, we look at the transitions currently being made by the latter. In each case we review available data and the problems they present before considering in turn: (i) the distribution of earnings of full-time employees; (ii) the distribution of individuals' per capita household incomes; and (iii) the ways in which the picture is altered by nonwage benefits from work, price subsidies and social incomes in kind. For the socialist period we are able to consider long series of data, often covering several decades, and we can thus show the changes in the picture of distribution under the socialist system. We also emphasise the diversity across the countries concerned. For the period of transition, itself incomplete, the series are inevitably shorter but we are able to avoid basing conclusions on evidence drawn from single years. The picture during transition, like that under socialism, is varied. Russia has experienced very sharp increases in measured inequality to well above the top of the OECD range. The Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland have seen more modest rises. We note the lack of a satisfactory analytic framework in the literature that encompasses enough features of the transition, a framework which would help interpretation of the evidence.
    In: Handbook of income distribution, Amsterdam : Elvesier, 2000, (2000), Seite 843-918, 0444816313
    In: 9780444816313
    In: year:2000
    In: pages:843-918
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    UID:
    gbv_1831639211
    ISBN: 0444816313
    Content: The analysis of inequality is placed in the context of recent developments in economics and statistics.
    In: Handbook of income distribution, Amsterdam : Elvesier, 2000, (2000), Seite 87-166, 0444816313
    In: 9780444816313
    In: year:2000
    In: pages:87-166
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 10
    UID:
    gbv_1831639203
    ISBN: 0444816313
    Content: Income and wealth inequality rose over the first 150 years of US history. They rose in Britain before 1875, especially 1740–1810. The first half of the 20th century equalized pre-fisc incomes both in Britain and in America. From the 1970s to the 1990s inequality rose in both countries, reversing most or all of the previous equalization. Government redistribution explains part but not all of the reversals in inequality trends. Factor-market forces and economic growth would have produced a similar timing of rises and falls in income inequality even without shifts in the progressivity of redistribution through government. Redistribution toward the poor tends to happen least in those times and polities where it would seem most justified by the usual goals of welfare policy.
    In: Handbook of income distribution, Amsterdam : Elvesier, 2000, (2000), Seite 167-216, 0444816313
    In: 9780444816313
    In: year:2000
    In: pages:167-216
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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