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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Alien flora of Turkey: checklist, taxonomic composition and ecological attributes (2017)
    Frankfurt am Main : Universitätsbibliothek Johann Christian Senckenberg
    Details
    UID:
    (DE-603)438702530
    ISSN: 1314-2488
    Content: The paper provides an updated checklist of the alien flora of Turkey with information on its structure. The alien flora of Turkey comprises 340 taxa, among which there are 321 angiosperms, 17 gymnosperms and two ferns. Of the total number of taxa, 228 (68%) are naturalized and 112 (32%) are casual. There are 275 neophytes (172 naturalized and 103 casual) and 61 archaeophytes (52 naturalized and 9 casual); four species could not be classified with respect to the residence time. In addition, 47 frequently planted taxa with a potential to escape are also listed. The richest families are Asteraceae (38 taxa), Poaceae (30), Fabaceae (23) and Solanaceae (22). As for the naturalized alien plants, the highest species richness is found in Asteraceae (31 taxa), Poaceae (22), Amaranthaceae (18) and Solanaceae (15). The majority of alien taxa are perennial (63.8% of the total number of taxa with this life history assigned, including those with multiple life histories), annuals contribute 33.8% and 2.4% are biennial aliens. Among perennials the most common life forms are phanerophytes, of which 20.3% are trees and 12.6% shrubs; woody vines, stem succulents, and aquatic plants are comparatively less represented. Most of the 340 alien taxa introduced to Turkey have their native ranges in Americas (44.7%) and Asia (27.6%). Of other regions, 9.1% originated in Africa, 4.4% in Eurasia, 3.8% in Australia and Oceania and 3.5% in the Mediterranean. The majority of taxa (71.9%) were introduced intentionally, whereas the remaining (28.1%) were introduced accidentally. Among the taxa introduced intentionally, the vast majority are ornamental plants (55.2%), 10.0% taxa were introduced for forestry and 6.7% as crops. Casual alien plants are most commonly found in urban and ruderal habitats (40.1%) where naturalized taxa are also often recorded (27.3%). Plants that occur as agricultural weeds are typically naturalized rather than casual (16.0% vs 7.1%, respectively). However, (semi)natural habitats in Turkey are often invaded by alien taxa, especially by those that are able to naturalize.
    In: NeoBiota, [s.l.] : Pensoft, 2011-, Band 2017, Heft 35 (2017), Seite 61-85, 1314-2488
    In: volume:2017
    In: year:2017
    In: number:35
    In: pages:61-85
    In: extent:25
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.35.12460
    URN: urn:nbn:de:hebis:30:3-473143
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  • 2
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    Alien plants in urban nature reserves : from red-list species to future invaders? (2011)
    Details
    UID:
    (DE-603)363114718
    Format: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 1314-2488
    Content: Urban reserves, like other protected areas, aim to preserve species richness but conservation efforts in these protected areas are complicated by high proportions of alien species. We examined which environmental factors determine alien species presence in 48 city reserves of Prague, Czech Republic. We distinguished between archaeophytes, i.e. alien species introduced since the beginning of Neolithic agriculture up to 1500 A. D., and neophytes, i.e. modern invaders introduced after that date, with the former group separately analysed for endangered archaeophytes (listed as C1 and C2 categories on national red list). ...
    In: NeoBiota, [s.l.] : Pensoft, 2011-, Band 10 (2011), Seite 27-46, 1314-2488
    In: volume:10
    In: year:2011
    In: pages:27-46
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.10.1262
    URN: urn:nbn:de:hebis:30:3-322328
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  • 3
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    Alien species and public health impacts in Europe: a literature review (2015)
    Frankfurt am Main : Universitätsbibliothek Johann Christian Senckenberg
    Details
    UID:
    (DE-603)425431185
    ISSN: 1314-2488
    Content: Impacts of alien species on human health have recently become a major issue in medical research and invasion ecology, but comprehensive assessments of this subject are largely lacking. Here, we provide a literature review of alien species with public health impacts in Europe based on a systematic search in the Thomson Reuters Web of Science. We detected 77 relevant articles, of which 21 were reviews and 56 were original research articles. The taxonomic focus was on vascular plants (n=31 articles) and dipterans (n=25 articles). The original research articles mainly covered the spread of the study species, while early invasion stages (introduction, establishment) as well as impact and management were less investigated. Alien species of health concern in Europe are mostly introduced as contaminants, and mostly originate from climatically similar regions of the Northern Hemisphere. In those cases (36% of all articles) when information on the trend in range and abundance was provided, this trend was mostly increasing. We detected little information on the severity of the impacts (two articles) and the interaction with climate change (three articles). In 15 original articles (28%) specific management measures were suggested, in only one article the socioeconomic costs were assessed. We conclude that European research on human health impacts of alien species is biased towards few species, and that several important aspects such as early invasion stages, severity of impact and its temporal trends, and the scale of the socioeconomic costs caused are poorly understood. Interdisciplinary projects bridging gaps between ecologists medical researchers, socioeconomists and public health authorities are required to link alien species to severity and trends of impacts, which is a crucial requisite for risk assessment and decision making.
    In: NeoBiota, [s.l.] : Pensoft, 2011-, Heft 27 (2015), Seite 1-23, 1314-2488
    In: year:2015
    In: number:27
    In: pages:1-23
    In: extent:23
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.27.5007
    URN: urn:nbn:de:hebis:30:3-455019
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  • 4
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    Aliens in Transylvania: risk maps of invasive alien plant species in Central Romania (2015)
    Frankfurt am Main : Universitätsbibliothek Johann Christian Senckenberg
    Details
    UID:
    (DE-603)425430456
    ISSN: 1314-2488
    Content: Using the MAXENT algorithm, we developed risk maps for eight invasive plant species in southern Transylvania, Romania, a region undergoing drastic land-use changes. Our findings show that invasion risk increased with landscape heterogeneity. Roads and agricultural areas were most prone to invasion, whereas forests were least at risk.
    In: NeoBiota, [s.l.] : Pensoft, 2011-, Heft 24 (2015), Seite 55/64, 1314-2488
    In: year:2015
    In: number:24
    In: pages:55/64
    In: extent:10
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.24.7772
    URN: urn:nbn:de:hebis:30:3-454853
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  • 5
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    Ambrosia artemisiifolia control in agricultural areas: effect of grassland seeding and herbivory by the exotic leaf beetle Ophraella communa (2018)
    Frankfurt am Main : Universitätsbibliothek Johann Christian Senckenberg
    Details
    UID:
    (DE-603)438708105
    ISSN: 1314-2488
    Content: Ambrosia artemisiifolia (common ragweed) is an invasive species native to North America and was accidentally introduced to Europe in the 19th century. Widespread in disturbed habitats, it is a major weed in spring-sown crops and it causes serious allergic rhinitis and asthma due to its allergenic pollen. The aim of this research was to analyse the effects of both competitive vegetation and herbivory by Ophraella communa to control A. artemisiifolia in an agricultural area of north-western Italy. Hayseed mixtures, both over-seeded over the resident plant community or after ploughing, when seeded before the winter season, were able to suppress the establishment of A. artemisiifolia as well as to reduce its growth in terms of plant height and inflorescence size. Defoliation of A. artemisiifolia by O. communa at the end of the growing season was conspicuous but most of the plants still produced flowers and seeds. However, significant O. communa attack was recorded for reproductive structures. As for non-target species, O. communa was mainly recorded on Asteraceae, with low density and low degree of damage. Reduction of inflorescence size due to competitive vegetation and damage to male flowers by O. communa may diminish the amount of available pollen. The results of this study may be useful for the implementation of management measures to control A. artemisiifolia in agricultural areas using mixtures of native species.
    In: NeoBiota, [s.l.] : Pensoft, 2011-, Band 2018, Heft 38 (2018), Seite 1-22, 1314-2488
    In: volume:2018
    In: year:2018
    In: number:38
    In: pages:1-22
    In: extent:22
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.38.23562
    URN: urn:nbn:de:hebis:30:3-473255
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  • 6
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    Ant species accumulation on Lord Howe Island highlights the increasing need for effective biosecurity on islands (2017)
    Frankfurt am Main : Universitätsbibliothek Johann Christian Senckenberg
    Details
    UID:
    (DE-603)438550935
    ISSN: 1314-2488
    Content: Islands are particularly noteworthy for global conservation because of the high number of species they host, the high levels of species endemism, and the large number and proportion of species at risk of extinction. Much of the conservation threat on islands is from invasive species. Whilst biosecurity is an increasing focus of attention for authorities globally, species are continuing to establish in new locations outside of their native ranges. Among invasive species, ants are a prominent taxon, especially on islands. Over the past decade, following the detection of one of the world’s worst invasive ant species, African big-headed ant Pheidole megacephala, the environmental management authority on world-heritage-listed Lord Howe Island has focused attention on invasive ants. This detection influenced the creation of biosecurity measures to prevent further incursions of exotic species, particularly ants. Despite these efforts, over the following decade numerous ant species were collected on the island for the first time, indicating a serious biosecurity problem. Here, we investigate the chronosequence of ant introductions to Lord Howe Island to quantify the extent and nature of the island’s ant biosecurity problem. A total of 45 species have been collected on the island and of these, 12 are considered to be endemic, and a further seven are possibly native. Nineteen of the 26 introduced species (42% of the total fauna and 73% of the introduced fauna) were only found for the first time in the last 15 years. All but two of the species that are not native to Lord Howe Island are native to the Australian mainland, indicating that the biosecurity threat comes from the transport of goods from the Australian mainland. We suggest that the pattern of accelerating ant species accumulation on Lord Howe Island is probably not an isolated phenomenon, and that it is probably occurring on most islands globally that are habitable by ants and visited by people.
    In: NeoBiota, [s.l.] : Pensoft, 2011-, Band 2017, Heft 34 (2017), Seite 41-52, 1314-2488
    In: volume:2017
    In: year:2017
    In: number:34
    In: pages:41-52
    In: extent:12
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.34.10291
    URN: urn:nbn:de:hebis:30:3-473095
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  • 7
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    Assessing the flexibility of the Analytic Hierarchy Process for prioritization of invasive plant management (2015)
    Frankfurt am Main : Universitätsbibliothek Johann Christian Senckenberg
    Details
    UID:
    (DE-603)425431088
    ISSN: 1314-2488
    Content: Decision tools have been advocated to assist the prioritization of management areas for preventing and mitigating exotic invasions into native ecosystems. Currently, most tools have been created for specific invaders/regions and are thus often not sufficient to address the complex range of invasion scenarios that managers encounter. As exotic invasions continue to be a major issue, science-based, information-driven tools are pressingly needed. In this study, we explore the potential of utilizing the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), one of the information-driven tools, to flexibly prioritize various invasion scenarios by incorporating a broad spectrum of management data. We tested the flexibility of the AHP management tool with two distinct invasion-stage-specific prioritizations for Amur honeysuckle (Lonicera maackii). The AHP tool successfully created two management prioritizations from contrasting invasion scenarios of established Amur honeysuckle invasion versus a hypothetical scenario of newly invading populations. The flexibility of AHP allowed users to alter input based on the stage of invasion in each scenario. In the established scenario, management priority was assigned to removing Amur honeysuckle from the most ecologically significant areas. For the new invasion scenario, priority was shifted to removing the invader from areas of most recent invasions. The two contrasting prioritizations demonstrate the flexibility of AHP as a management tool. We conclude that the flexible AHP tool could be useful for prioritizing management of exotic plant invasions.
    In: NeoBiota, [s.l.] : Pensoft, 2011-, Heft 27 (2015), Seite 25-36, 1314-2488
    In: year:2015
    In: number:27
    In: pages:25-36
    In: extent:12
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.27.4919
    URN: urn:nbn:de:hebis:30:3-455002
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  • 8
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    Aztec introduction of the great-tailed grackle in ancient Mesoamerica : formal defense of the Sahaguntine historical account (2014)
    Details
    UID:
    (DE-603)366024884
    Format: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 1314-2488
    Content: The historical account of Aztec Emperor Auitztol's introduction of the great-tailed grackle Quiscalus mexicanus into the Valley of Mexico (1486–1502) is significant because it documents human translocation of wild birds in Mexico over 500 years ago, before the Spanish Conquest of that land. In the present paper, which defends the account from writings that dispute it, I first review the evidence of how the account was obtained and show that its many details are consistent with what is known from other sources about both the great-tailed grackle and the Aztecs (Nahuas). ...
    In: NeoBiota, [s.l.] : Pensoft, 2011-, Band 22 (2014), Seite 59-75, 1314-2488
    In: volume:22
    In: year:2014
    In: pages:59-75
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.22.6791
    URN: urn:nbn:de:hebis:30:3-347690
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  • 9
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    Beasts or beauties? Laypersons’ perception of invasive alien plant species in Switzerland and attitudes towards their management (2016)
    Frankfurt am Main : Universitätsbibliothek Johann Christian Senckenberg
    Details
    UID:
    (DE-603)425432440
    ISSN: 1314-2488
    Content: This study investigated laypersons’ perception of invasive alien plant species (IAPS) and attitudes towards their management with the help of a written questionnaire in the cities of Zurich, Geneva, and Lugano, Switzerland. Survey participants (n = 720) judged attractiveness from certain species on visual contact (eight IAPS were shown as photographs). Trachycarpus fortunei and Ludwigia grandiflora were liked most, while Ambrosia artemisiifolia was clearly disliked most. With the exception of Trachycarpus fortunei, all plant species were perceived as rather ordinary, familiar and native to Switzerland, and feelings of ordinariness, familiarity and nativeness were positively correlated. Few participants could correctly identify the species depicted. Knowledge of an IAPS (ability to identify it) and desire to have it around were negatively correlated. Participants agreed most with the eradication of IAPS that cause serious costs and problems. However, people were rather unwilling to remove Buddleja davidii, Solidago canadensis, and Trachycarpus fortunei which are already widely established ornamentals in settlement areas or gardens. Overall, willingness to remove an IAPS and to report it to the authorities decreased with increasing desirability (and thus beauty) of a species.
    In: NeoBiota, [s.l.] : Pensoft, 2011-, Heft 29 (2016), Seite 15-33, 1314-2488
    In: year:2016
    In: number:29
    In: pages:15-33
    In: extent:19
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.29.5786
    URN: urn:nbn:de:hebis:30:3-455133
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  • 10
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    Beyond EICA : understanding post-establishment evolution requires a broader evaluation of potential selection pressures (2011)
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    UID:
    (DE-603)363045260
    Format: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 1314-2488
    Content: Research on post-establishment evolution in nonnative plant populations has focused almost exclusively on testing the Evolution of Increased Competitive Ability (EICA) hypothesis, which posits that the lack of specialized herbivores in the invaded range drives evolution in nonnative plant populations. Fifteen years of conflicting EICA test results suggest that selection pressures other than specialized herbivory are important in driving post-establishment evolution in invasive species. Alternative hypotheses, such as the Evolution of Reduced Competitive Ability (ERCA) hypothesis, have been proposed but have received little attention or testing. ...
    In: NeoBiota, [s.l.] : Pensoft, 2011-, Band 10 (2011), Seite 7-25, 1314-2488
    In: volume:10
    In: year:2011
    In: pages:7-25
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.10.954
    URN: urn:nbn:de:hebis:30:3-321205
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