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First results on small ruminant brucellosis and tuberculosis and caprine arthritis-encephalitis in El Salvador

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Abstract

This paper reports a first-time study performed in El Salvador on the presence or absence of antibodies to three important animal diseases in small ruminants. The work was conducted in the west and central departments of the country, selecting 42 and 43 cantons with an existing sheep and goat population, respectively. Serum samples were collected from 396 sheep and 335 goats and tested for seropositivity to Brucella (B.) spp. The specimens from goats were also tested for antibodies to caprine arthritis-encephalitis (CAE) virus. Four (1 %) sheep and none of the goats were seropositive by Rose Bengal test. All animals were negative by indirect ELISA (iELISA) for B. abortus. All animals were negative by iELISA for CAE. A total of 383 sheep and 330 goats underwent the single intradermal cervical tuberculin (SICT) test for tuberculosis. Seventy (18 %) sheep and 43 (13 %) goats reacted to the SICT test. Those reactors were subjected to the single intradermal comparative cervical tuberculin (SICCT) test, and one (0.3 %) goat was deemed to be a positive reactor. No mycobacteria were diagnosed in concluding analyses, and further studies are considered necessary to determine the prevalence of the investigated diseases. Additionally, it is recommended that small ruminants should be included in the national eradication program on bovine brucellosis and tuberculosis to prevent potential reservoirs.

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Acknowledgments

This work was financially and technically supported by OIRSA. The authors would like to thank the technical staff and the Central Laboratory of Veterinary Diagnostics, Salvadorian Ministry of Agriculture, for the assistance of the field work and diagnostics. They thank also the Laboratory of Veterinary Diagnostics and Investigation, Panamanian Ministry of Agriculture, and the Institute of Scientific Research and High Technology Services INDICASAT-Panama AIP for their contribution in further diagnostics. Thanks are also expressed to C. Zepeda and E. Bravo for help with statistics.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Organismo Internacional Regional de Sanidad Agropecuaria (OIRSA), Headquarters, Calle Ramón Belloso, Final Pasaje Isolde, Edeficio OIRSA, Colonia Escalón, San Salvador, El Salvador

    Kristina Linderot de Cardona & Abelardo De Gracia Scanapieco

  2. Institute of Food Hygiene, Center of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universität Leipzig , An den Tierkliniken 1, 04103, Leipzig, Germany

    Kristina Linderot de Cardona & Peggy G. Braun

  3. OIRSA Representation in Panama, Área Social de Clayton, Calle Hocker, Casa 1012 A-B, Panama City, Panama

    Abelardo De Gracia Scanapieco

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  1. Kristina Linderot de Cardona
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  2. Abelardo De Gracia Scanapieco
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  3. Peggy G. Braun
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Correspondence to Kristina Linderot de Cardona.

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For this type of study, a formal consent is not required. All applicable international and national guidelines for the care and use of animals where followed. Persons gave their informed consent prior to inclusion in the study.

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None of the authors of this paper has a financial or personal relationship with other people or organizations that could inappropriately influence or bias the content of the paper.

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Linderot de Cardona, K., De Gracia Scanapieco, A. & Braun, P.G. First results on small ruminant brucellosis and tuberculosis and caprine arthritis-encephalitis in El Salvador. Trop Anim Health Prod 48, 1083–1087 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-016-1044-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-016-1044-3

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