Michael Osborn, Kathleen Turner, Suzanne Osborn, Randall Osborn

Public Speaking

Finding Your Voice, Global Edition


10. Auflage
Erscheinungsjahr: 2014
Print-ISBN: 978-1-292-05998-3
E-ISBN: 978-1-292-07055-1
Seiten: 480
Sprache: Englisch

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Zusammenfassung

Helps students become better speakers in their classrooms, workplaces, and communities

This top-selling, comprehensive introductory public speaking title highlights and develops the theme of “Finding Your Voice.” It helps students develop as speakers and as people, as they gain presentation skills and confidence, discover causes that interest and engage them, and give them a sense of purpose. This theme reinforces the book’s primary goal of helping students to become better communicators in their classrooms, workplaces and communities.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

  • Cover
    1
    -
    7
  • Brief Contents
    8
    -
    8
  • Contents
    9
    -
    14
  • Preface
    15
    -
    23
  • Instructor and Student Resources
    24
    -
    24
  • Acknowledgments
    25
    -
    27
  • +
    Part One: The Foundations of Public Speaking
    28
    -
    105
    • +
      Chapter 1: Discovering Your Voice
      28
      -
      47
      • +
        What Public Speaking has to Offer You
        30
        -
        33
        • Personal Benefits
          30
          -
          30
        • Social Benefits
          31
          -
          31
        • Cultural Benefits
          31
          -
          33
      • +
        Introduction to Communication
        34
        -
        40
        • Historical Roots of Public Speaking
          34
          -
          34
        • Communication: Interactive and Dynamic
          34
          -
          40
      • +
        What Public Speaking Asks of You
        41
        -
        45
        • Respect for the Integrity of Ideas and Information
          42
          -
          44
        • A Genuine Concern for Consequences
          44
          -
          45
      • Final reflections: A Quest that Deserves Commitment
        45
        -
        47
    • +
      Chapter 2: Understanding and Managing Your Fear of Speaking
      48
      -
      63
      • +
        Understanding Communication Anxiety
        51
        -
        51
        • An Unfamiliar Situation
          51
          -
          50
        • The Importance of the Occasion
          51
          -
          50
        • The Power of Negative Thinking
          50
          -
          51
      • +
        Managing Your Communication Anxiety
        52
        -
        59
        • Reality Testing
          53
          -
          54
        • Cognitive Restructuring
          55
          -
          54
        • Selective Relaxation
          55
          -
          55
        • Attitude Adjustments
          56
          -
          56
        • Visualization
          57
          -
          57
        • Putting It All Together
          58
          -
          59
        • How You Can Help Your Classmates
          59
          -
          59
      • Final reflections: Climbing Fear Mountain
        59
        -
        63
    • +
      Chapter 3: Preparing, Practicing, and Presenting Your First Speech
      64
      -
      85
      • +
        Preparing and Presenting Your First Speech
        65
        -
        75
        • Step 1: Find and Focus Your Topic
          66
          -
          66
        • Step 2: Gather Supporting Material
          67
          -
          69
        • Step 3: Organize the Body of Your Speech
          70
          -
          72
        • Step 4: Add an Introduction, Transitions, and a Conclusion
          73
          -
          72
        • Step 5: Prepare a Formal Outline
          73
          -
          73
        • Step 6: Practice, Practice, Practice!
          74
          -
          75
        • Step 7: Present Your Speech
          75
          -
          75
      • +
        Managing the Impressions You Make
        76
        -
        77
        • Competence
          76
          -
          76
        • Integrity
          77
          -
          76
        • Goodwill
          77
          -
          77
        • Dynamism
          77
          -
          77
      • Speeches of Introduction
        78
        -
        81
      • Final reflections: Taking The First Steps
        81
        -
        85
    • +
      Chapter 4: The Importance of Listening
      86
      -
      105
      • +
        The Benefits of Effective Listening
        87
        -
        89
        • Listening in the Classroom
          88
          -
          88
        • Listening at Work
          88
          -
          89
      • +
        Understanding Listening
        90
        -
        90
        • Comprehensive Listening
          90
          -
          89
        • Critical Listening
          90
          -
          90
        • Empathic Listening
          90
          -
          90
      • +
        Overcoming Barriers to Effective Listening
        91
        -
        94
        • Noise
          92
          -
          91
        • Inattention
          92
          -
          92
        • Bad Listening Habits
          93
          -
          93
        • Emotional Reactions
          94
          -
          93
        • Biases
          93
          -
          94
      • +
        Becoming a Critical Listener
        95
        -
        97
        • Do Speakers Support Their Claims?
          95
          -
          95
        • Do Speakers Cite Credible Sources?
          96
          -
          95
        • Do Speakers Use Words to Clarify or Obscure?
          95
          -
          97
      • Becoming an Empathic Listener
        98
        -
        97
      • Your Ethical Responsibilities as a Listener
        98
        -
        98
      • +
        Evaluating Speeches
        99
        -
        102
        • General Considerations
          99
          -
          100
        • Evaluating Substance
          101
          -
          100
        • Evaluating Structure
          101
          -
          100
        • Evaluating Presentation Skills
          100
          -
          102
      • Final reflections: The Golden Rule of Listening
        102
        -
        105
  • +
    Part Two: Preparation for Public Speaking
    106
    -
    225
    • +
      Chapter 5: Understanding Your Audience and the Occasion
      106
      -
      130
      • +
        Understanding Audience Demographics
        108
        -
        114
        • Age
          109
          -
          109
        • Gender
          110
          -
          110
        • Education
          111
          -
          110
        • Sociocultural Background
          111
          -
          111
        • Group Affiliations
          112
          -
          113
        • Some Words of Caution
          113
          -
          114
      • +
        Understanding Audience Dynamics
        115
        -
        120
        • Beliefs
          115
          -
          114
        • Attitudes
          115
          -
          115
        • Values
          116
          -
          116
        • Motives
          117
          -
          119
        • Gathering Information About Audience Dynamics
          119
          -
          120
      • +
        Rewards and Challenges of Audience Diversity
        121
        -
        124
        • Become Familiar with Audience Cultures
          121
          -
          121
        • Use Supporting Materials Skillfully
          122
          -
          121
        • Speak from Shared Values
          122
          -
          122
        • Choose Your Words Carefully
          123
          -
          122
        • Avoid Rhetorical Land Mines
          122
          -
          124
      • +
        Adjusting to the Speaking Situation
        125
        -
        127
        • The Occasion
          125
          -
          124
        • The Physical Setting
          125
          -
          125
        • The Psychological Setting
          125
          -
          127
      • Final reflections: Looking Beyond the Self
        127
        -
        130
    • +
      Chapter 6: Selecting Your Topic
      131
      -
      148
      • +
        What Is a Good Topic?
        132
        -
        133
        • A Good Topic Involves You
          132
          -
          132
        • A Good Topic Involves Your Listeners
          133
          -
          132
        • A Good Topic Is One You Can Manage
          132
          -
          133
      • +
        Discovering Your Topic Area
        134
        -
        135
        • Brainstorming
          134
          -
          133
        • Interest Charts
          134
          -
          135
        • Media and Internet Prompts
          135
          -
          135
      • +
        Exploring Your Topic Area
        136
        -
        139
        • Mind Mapping
          137
          -
          137
        • Topic Analysis
          137
          -
          139
      • +
        Refining Your Topic
        140
        -
        143
        • General Purpose
          140
          -
          139
        • Specific Purpose
          140
          -
          142
        • Thesis Statement
          142
          -
          143
      • An Overview of the Topic Selection Process
        144
        -
        144
      • Final reflections: The Great Chain of Communication
        144
        -
        148
    • +
      Chapter 7: Building Responsible Knowledge
      149
      -
      173
      • The Quest for Responsible Knowledge
        151
        -
        150
      • +
        Preparing for Research
        151
        -
        153
        • Planning Your Time
          151
          -
          150
        • Developing the Right Research Attitude
          151
          -
          151
        • Setting Your Research Priorities
          152
          -
          151
        • Recording What You Discover
          152
          -
          153
        • Avoiding Chance Plagiarism
          153
          -
          153
      • +
        Your Quest for General Knowledge
        154
        -
        155
        • Drawing on Personal Experience
          155
          -
          154
        • Certain Sites on the Internet
          155
          -
          155
        • Certain Places in the Library
          156
          -
          155
        • Exploring the Social Media
          155
          -
          155
      • +
        Seeking In-Depth Knowledge
        156
        -
        163
        • Going Deeper on the Internet
          157
          -
          158
        • Going Deeper in the Library
          159
          -
          160
        • Conducting Personal Interviews
          160
          -
          163
      • +
        Evaluating What You Discover
        164
        -
        169
        • Information from the Internet
          164
          -
          167
        • Information from the Library
          168
          -
          168
        • Information from Personal Interviews
          168
          -
          169
      • Final reflections: Empowering Your Voice
        169
        -
        173
    • +
      Chapter 8: Supporting Your Ideas
      174
      -
      193
      • +
        Facts and Statistics
        175
        -
        178
        • Constructing Facts and Figures
          176
          -
          176
        • Testing Facts and Figures
          176
          -
          178
      • +
        Testimony
        179
        -
        182
        • Using Expert Testimony
          179
          -
          179
        • Developing Lay Testimony
          180
          -
          180
        • Constructing Prestige Testimony
          181
          -
          180
        • Designing Testimony: Other Considerations
          180
          -
          182
      • +
        Examples
        183
        -
        186
        • Types of Examples
          183
          -
          184
        • Fashioning Powerful Examples
          185
          -
          185
        • Testing Your Examples
          185
          -
          186
      • +
        Narratives
        187
        -
        190
        • Types of Narratives
          187
          -
          187
        • Building Narratives
          188
          -
          188
        • Testing Your Story
          188
          -
          190
      • Selecting and Combining Supporting Materials
        191
        -
        191
      • Final reflections: Developing a Well-Supported Voice
        191
        -
        193
    • +
      Chapter 9: Developing and Structuring Your Speech
      194
      -
      225
      • +
        Principles of a Well-Structured Speech
        195
        -
        197
        • Simplicity
          195
          -
          196
        • Order
          197
          -
          196
        • Balance
          196
          -
          197
      • +
        Structuring the Body of Your Speech
        198
        -
        207
        • Selecting Your Main Points
          199
          -
          198
        • Arranging Your Main Points
          199
          -
          201
        • Developing Your Main Points
          202
          -
          202
        • Developing a Working Outline
          203
          -
          204
        • Adding Transitions
          204
          -
          207
      • +
        Introducing and Concluding Your Speech
        208
        -
        215
        • Introducing Your Speech
          208
          -
          211
        • Concluding Your Speech
          212
          -
          214
        • Selecting and Using Introductory and Concluding Techniques
          214
          -
          215
      • +
        Preparing Your Formal Outline
        216
        -
        219
        • Heading
          216
          -
          217
        • Introduction
          218
          -
          217
        • Body
          218
          -
          218
        • Conclusion
          219
          -
          218
        • Works Cited or Consulted
          219
          -
          219
        • Formal Outlines: A Caution
          219
          -
          219
      • Final reflections: Deep Roots of Structuring and Outlining
        219
        -
        225
  • +
    Part Three: Developing Presentation Skills
    226
    -
    309
    • +
      Chapter 10: Presentation Aids
      226
      -
      255
      • +
        The Advantages and Disadvantages of Presentation Aids
        228
        -
        230
        • Advantages of Presentation Aids
          228
          -
          229
        • Disadvantages of Presentation Aids
          229
          -
          230
      • +
        Types of Presentation Aids
        231
        -
        236
        • People
          231
          -
          231
        • Objects and Models
          232
          -
          232
        • Graphics
          233
          -
          235
        • Pictures
          235
          -
          236
      • +
        Presentation Media
        237
        -
        245
        • Traditional Media
          237
          -
          239
        • PowerPoint, Prezi, iPad Apps, and More
          239
          -
          245
      • +
        Preparing Presentation Aids
        246
        -
        249
        • Principles of Design
          246
          -
          247
        • Principles of Color
          247
          -
          249
      • Using Presentation Aids
        250
        -
        250
      • Ethical Considerations for Using Presentation Aids
        251
        -
        252
      • Final reflections: Amplifying Your Voice
        252
        -
        255
    • +
      Chapter 11: Putting Words to Work
      256
      -
      281
      • +
        What Words Can Do
        257
        -
        263
        • What Makes Oral Language Special
          258
          -
          258
        • Shaping Perceptions
          259
          -
          259
        • Arousing Feelings
          260
          -
          261
        • Bringing Listeners Together
          262
          -
          261
        • Moving Listeners to Action
          262
          -
          262
        • Celebrating Shared Values
          262
          -
          263
      • +
        The Six C'S of Language Use
        264
        -
        269
        • Clarity
          264
          -
          265
        • Color
          266
          -
          265
        • Concreteness
          266
          -
          266
        • Correctness
          267
          -
          268
        • Conciseness
          269
          -
          268
        • Cultural Sensitivity
          268
          -
          269
      • +
        How Language Techniques Can Magnify Your Voice
        270
        -
        277
        • Using Figurative Language
          270
          -
          274
        • Changing the Order of Words
          275
          -
          275
        • Using the Sounds of Words to Reinforce Their Meaning
          275
          -
          277
      • Final reflections: Give Me the Right Word
        277
        -
        281
    • +
      Chapter 12: Delivering Your Speech
      282
      -
      309
      • The Power of Presentation
        283
        -
        283
      • +
        Developing Your Physical Voice
        284
        -
        292
        • Pitch
          285
          -
          286
        • Rate
          287
          -
          288
        • Volume
          289
          -
          290
        • Variety
          291
          -
          290
        • Vocal Problems
          290
          -
          292
      • +
        Developing Your Body Language
        293
        -
        296
        • Facial Expression and Eye Contact
          293
          -
          293
        • Movement and Gestures
          294
          -
          295
        • Personal Appearance
          295
          -
          296
      • +
        Developing Versatility in Presentation
        297
        -
        301
        • Impromptu Speaking
          297
          -
          297
        • Extemporaneous Speaking
          298
          -
          298
        • Responding to Feedback from Your Audience
          299
          -
          299
        • Reading from a Manuscript
          300
          -
          301
        • Memorized Text Presentation
          301
          -
          301
      • Practicing for Presentation
        302
        -
        304
      • +
        Developing Flexibility in Special Situations
        305
        -
        307
        • Handling Questions and Answers
          305
          -
          306
        • Making Mediated Presentations
          306
          -
          307
      • Final reflections: Holding Court
        307
        -
        309
  • +
    Part Four: Types of Public Speaking
    310
    -
    411
    • +
      Chapter 13: Informative Speaking
      310
      -
      332
      • Informative Speaking: An Overview
        312
        -
        312
      • +
        Forms of Informative Speaking
        313
        -
        314
        • Speeches of Description
          313
          -
          312
        • Speeches of Demonstration
          313
          -
          313
        • Speeches of Explanation
          313
          -
          314
      • +
        Helping Listeners Learn
        315
        -
        318
        • Motivating Audiences to Listen
          315
          -
          315
        • Maintaining Audience Attention
          316
          -
          317
        • Promoting Audience Retention
          317
          -
          318
      • +
        Speech Designs
        319
        -
        325
        • Categorical Design
          319
          -
          319
        • Comparative Design
          320
          -
          320
        • Spatial Design
          321
          -
          322
        • Sequential Design
          323
          -
          323
        • Chronological Design
          324
          -
          324
        • Causation Design
          324
          -
          325
      • +
        Rising to the Challenge of the Informative Speech
        326
        -
        328
        • Briefings: An Application
          326
          -
          328
      • Final reflections: Bringing Fire to Your Listeners
        328
        -
        332
    • +
      Chapter 14: Persuasive Speaking
      333
      -
      363
      • The Nature of Persuasive Speaking
        335
        -
        336
      • +
        The Types of Persuasive Speaking
        337
        -
        340
        • Speeches That Focus on Facts
          337
          -
          338
        • Speeches That Emphasize Attitudes and Values
          339
          -
          339
        • Speeches That Advocate Action and Policy
          339
          -
          340
      • +
        The Persuasive Process
        341
        -
        344
        • Awareness
          342
          -
          341
        • Understanding
          342
          -
          342
        • Agreement
          343
          -
          343
        • Enactment
          344
          -
          343
        • Integration
          343
          -
          344
      • +
        The Challenges of Persuasive Speaking
        345
        -
        354
        • Convincing a Reluctant Audience to Listen
          346
          -
          350
        • Removing Barriers to Commitment
          351
          -
          351
        • Moving from Attitude to Action
          352
          -
          353
        • The Challenge of Ethical Persuasion
          353
          -
          354
      • +
        Designs for Persuasive Speeches
        355
        -
        358
        • Problem–Solution Design
          356
          -
          356
        • Motivated Sequence Design
          356
          -
          358
      • Final reflections: The Case for Persuasion
        358
        -
        363
    • +
      Chapter 15: Persuasion in Controversy
      364
      -
      388
      • +
        Reasoned Persuasion Versus Manipulative Persuasion
        366
        -
        371
        • Forming Evidence
          366
          -
          367
        • Developing Proofs
          367
          -
          371
      • +
        The Master Proof
        372
        -
        376
        • Defining Major Issues
          372
          -
          372
        • Deductive Reasoning
          373
          -
          373
        • Inductive Reasoning
          374
          -
          374
        • Analogical Reasoning
          374
          -
          376
      • +
        Refutative Design
        377
        -
        378
        • Design Combinations
          377
          -
          378
      • +
        Avoiding Defective Persuasion
        379
        -
        383
        • The Gallery of Fallacies
          378
          -
          383
      • Final reflections: Persuasion That Has Legs
        383
        -
        388
    • +
      Chapter 16: Ceremonial Speaking on Special Occasions
      389
      -
      411
      • +
        Techniques of Ceremonial Speaking
        391
        -
        394
        • Identification
          391
          -
          392
        • Magnification
          392
          -
          394
      • +
        Types of Ceremonial Speeches
        395
        -
        405
        • Speeches of Tribute
          395
          -
          399
        • Acceptance Speeches
          400
          -
          399
        • Speeches of Introduction
          400
          -
          401
        • Speeches of Inspiration
          402
          -
          402
        • After-Dinner Speeches
          403
          -
          404
        • Acting as a Master of Ceremonies
          404
          -
          405
      • +
        Narrative Design
        406
        -
        407
        • Prologue
          407
          -
          406
        • Plot
          407
          -
          407
        • Epilogue
          407
          -
          407
      • Final reflections: "And in Conclusion Let Us Say"
        407
        -
        411
  • Appendix A: Communicating in Small Groups
    412
    -
    426
  • Appendix B: Speeches for Analysis
    427
    -
    449
  • Glossary
    450
    -
    457
  • Notes
    458
    -
    466
  • Photo Credits
    467
    -
    467
  • Index
    468
    -
    477

Über die Autoren

Michael Osborn

Author

Kathleen Turner

Author

Suzanne Osborn

Author

Randall Osborn

Author

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