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Global Investment Costs for Coastal Defense through the 21<sup>st</sup> Century



Verfasser: Nicholls, Robert John    
Sonstige Pers.: Hinkel, Jochen ¬[Sonstige] ;     Lincke, Daniel ¬[Sonstige] ;     Nicholls, Robert John ¬[Sonstige] ;     van der Pol, Thomas ¬[Sonstige]    
Ersch.-Ort, Verlag, Ersch.-Jahr: Washington, D.C, The World Bank, 2019
Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (64 Seiten)

 

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Verfasser: Nicholls, Robert John
Sonstige Pers.: Hinkel, Jochen ¬[Sonstige]
Sonstige Pers.: Lincke, Daniel ¬[Sonstige]
Sonstige Pers.: Nicholls, Robert John ¬[Sonstige]
Sonstige Pers.: van der Pol, Thomas ¬[Sonstige]
Titel: Global Investment Costs for Coastal Defense through the 21<sup>st</sup> Century
Verantwortlich: Nicholls, Robert John
Ersch.-Ort: Washington, D.C
Verlag: The World Bank
Ersch.-Jahr: 2019
Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (64 Seiten)
Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
Beziehung: Erscheint auch als, Nicholls, Robert John, Global Investment Costs for Coastal Defense through the 21st Century, Washington, D.C : The World Bank, 2019, Druck-Ausgabe,
Abstract: Sea-level rise threatens low-lying areas around the world's coasts with increased coastal flooding during storms. One response to this challenge is to build or upgrade coastal flood defenses. This report examines the potential investment costs of such an adaptation strategy applied globally over the 21st century for sea-level rise scenarios consistent with three Representative Concentration Pathways and 3 Shared Socioeconomic Pathways. For all the protection models considered, much less than half of the world's coast is protected. The total defense costs are significantly higher than earlier estimates, amounting to as much as USD 18.3 trillion. With cost-benefit analysis, there are large uncertainties and empirical observations of protection standards are limited. Hence, the estimates should be considered as indicative, and this remains an important topic for future research. Further, building defenses is not a one-off capital investment. Over the 21st century, the cost of a comprehensive protection strategy is dominated by maintenance costs in all the cases considered in this report. This indicates that in addition to capital investment, the development of appropriate institutions and governance mechanisms to deliver maintenance, as well as the necessary funding streams, are essential for such a protection-based adaptation strategy to be effective
Sprache: eng