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"Dedication" -- "Preface" -- "Acknowledgments" -- "Contents" -- "Contributors" -- "About the Editors" -- "Part I: Medicinal Properties/Therapeutic Effects: Medicinal Plants and Fungi" -- "1: Centella asiatica, an Ayurvedic Medicinal Plant, Prevents the Major Neurodegenerative and Neurotoxic Mechanisms Associated with Cognitive Impairment" -- "1.1 Introduction" -- "1.2 Cognitive Disorders" -- "1.2.1 Prevalence of Alzheimerâs Disease" -- "1.2.2 Etiology and Pathophysiology of Alzheimerâs Disease" -- "1.2.2.1 Amyloid Beta (Aβ)-Induced Neurotoxicity in Alzheimerâs Disease" -- "1.2.2.2 Oxidative Stress: A Pathogenic Factor" -- "1.2.2.3 Neurochemical Alterations" -- "1.2.2.4 Synaptic Deficits and Cognitive Dysfunction" -- "1.2.2.5 Inflammation and Neuronal Cell Death" -- "1.3 Therapeutic Efficacy of Centella asiatica" -- "1.3.1 Active Components of Centella asiatica" -- "1.3.2 Learning and Memory-Enhancing Capability in Alzheimerâs Disease" -- "1.3.3 Neuroprotective Activity in Alzheimerâs Disease" -- "1.3.4 Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activities in Alzheimerâs Disease" -- "1.3.5 Study in Double Transgenic Alzheimerâs Disease Mice Model" -- "1.3.6 Other Neurological Disorders" -- "1.4 Conclusions" -- "References" -- "2: Medicinal Properties of Mediterranean Oyster Mushrooms: Species of Genus Pleurotus (Higher Basidiomycetes)" -- "2.1 Introduction" -- "2.2 Medicinal Properties of Mediterranean Oyster Mushrooms" -- "2.2.1 Pleurotus cornucopiae (Paulet) Rolland" -- "2.2.2 Pleurotus eryngii (DC.) Quél. var. eryngii" -- "2.2.3 Pleurotus eryngii (DC.) Quél. var. elaeoselini Venturella, Zervakis, & La Rocca" -- "2.2.4 Pleurotus eryngii (DC.) Quél. var. ferulae (Lanzi) Sacc" -- "2.2.5 Pleurotus nebrodensis (Inzenga) Quél" -- "2.2.6 Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.) P. Kumm"
"2.2.7 Pleurotus pulmonarius (Fr.) Quél" -- "2.3 Conclusions" -- "References" -- "3: Cordyceps: A Highly Coveted Medicinal Mushroom" -- "3.1 Introduction" -- "3.2 Ophiocordyceps sinensis: The Prototypical Cordyceps Species" -- "3.3 Historical Use of O. sinensis and Other Cordyceps spp." -- "3.4 The Collection and Economic Value of Wild O. sinensis" -- "3.5 Cordyceps Diversity and Artificial Cultivation" -- "3.6 Traditional Medicinal Usage of Cordyceps" -- "3.7 The Bioactive Chemistry of Cordyceps" -- "3.7.1 Polysaccharides" -- "3.7.2 Proteins and Other Nitrogenous Compounds" -- "3.7.3 Sterols" -- "3.7.4 Other Constituents" -- "3.7.4.1 Mannitol" -- "3.8 Current Medicinal Uses for Cordyceps s.lat." -- "3.8.1 Cancer" -- "3.8.2 Antiviral" -- "3.8.3 Fatigue" -- "3.8.4 Kidney Protection and Repair" -- "3.8.5 Lungs" -- "3.8.6 Heart" -- "3.8.7 Uses Against Male and Female Sexual Dysfunction" -- "3.9 Safety and Toxicity" -- "3.10 Conclusions" -- "References" -- "4: Medicinal Mushrooms with Antiallergic Activities" -- "4.1 Introduction" -- "4.1.1 Importance of Medicinal Mushrooms" -- "4.1.2 Allergic Reactions" -- "4.2 Medicinal Mushrooms with Antiallergic Activities" -- "4.2.1 Agaricus subrufescens" -- "4.2.2 Armillaria ostoyae" -- "4.2.3 Bulgaria inquinans" -- "4.2.4 Cordyceps militaris" -- "4.2.5 Flammulina velutipes" -- "4.2.6 Ganoderma lucidum and Ganoderma tsugae" -- "4.2.7 Hypsizigus marmoreus" -- "4.2.8 Inonotus obliquus" -- "4.2.9 Phellinus linteus" -- "4.2.10 Pleurotus ostreatus, Pleurotus pulmonarius, and Pleurotus eryngii" -- "4.2.11 Tricholoma populinum" -- "4.3 Conclusions" -- "References" -- "5: The Bioactivity of Tiger Milk Mushroom: Malaysiaâs Prized Medicinal Mushroom" -- "5.1 Introduction" -- "5.1.1 Historical Background"
"5.2 The Morphology and Taxonomy of Three Known Tiger Milk Mushroom Species in Malaysia: The Lignosus rhinocerotis, Lignosus tigris, and Lignosus cameronensis" -- "5.3 Medicinal Usage of Tiger Milk Mushroom: Then and Now" -- "5.4 Sclerotia Versus Mycelia of Lignosus rhinocerotis" -- "5.5 Wild-Type Versus Cultivated Lignosus rhinocerotis" -- "5.6 Cultivated Lignosus rhinocerotis TM02: The Safety Studies (Benefits to Science and Community)" -- "5.6.1 Subacute Toxicity" -- "5.6.2 Chronic Toxicity, Genotoxicity, Antifertility, and Teratogenic Effects" -- "5.7 Nutritional Value of Wild-Type and Cultivated Lignosus rhinocerotis TM02" -- "5.8 Bioactivities of Wild-Type and Cultivated Lignosus rhinocerotis TM02" -- "5.8.1 Antiproliferative Activity" -- "5.8.2 Anti-inflammatory Activity" -- "5.8.3 Antioxidative Activity and Presence of AGE Inhibitors" -- "5.8.4 Immunomodulatory Activity" -- "5.8.5 Neuritogenesis Activity" -- "5.8.6 Antiviral and Anti-microbial Activities" -- "5.9 Future Potentials with the Genome, Transcriptome, and Proteome Data of Lignosus rhinocerotis" -- "References" -- "6: Antioxidant Properties of Antrodia cinnamomea: An Extremely Rare and Coveted Medicinal Mushroom Endemic to Taiwan" -- "6.1 Introduction" -- "6.2 Taxonomic Description of A. cinnamomea and A. salmonea" -- "6.3 Ethnomedical Value" -- "6.4 Nrf2: A Key Regulator of Cytoprotection" -- "6.5 Pharmacological Activities of A. cinnamomea and A. salmonea" -- "6.5.1 Hepatoprotective Effects of Crude Extracts of A. cinnamomea" -- "6.5.2 Antioxidant Potential of A. salmonea" -- "6.5.3 Cytoprotective Effects of Antroquinonol" -- "6.5.4 Hepatoprotective Effect of Antcin C" -- "6.5.5 Hepatoprotective Effect of 4-Acetylantroquinonol" -- "6.6 Summary and the Future Perspectives" -- "References"
"Part II: Bioactive Compounds: Medicinal Plants and Fungal Endophytes" -- "7: The Fungal Endobiome of Medicinal Plants: A Prospective Source of Bioactive Metabolites" -- "7.1 Introduction" -- "7.1.1 Endobiome" -- "7.1.2 Fungal Endophytes" -- "7.2 Fungal Endophytes from Medicinal Plants" -- "7.3 Fungal Endobiome as a Source of Bioactive Metabolites" -- "7.3.1 Anticancer Compounds" -- "7.3.2 Antioxidant Compounds" -- "7.3.3 Antimicrobial Compounds" -- "7.3.4 Immunomodulatory Compounds" -- "7.3.5 Antidiabetic Compounds" -- "7.3.6 Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory Activity of Fungal Endophytes" -- "7.3.7 Endophytes as a Source of Silver Nanoparticles" -- "7.3.8 Antitubercular Compounds" -- "7.3.9 Antihelminthic, Antiplasmodial, and Antileishmanial Compounds" -- "7.3.10 Extracellular Enzymes" -- "7.4 Conclusions" -- "References" -- "8: Multipotent and Poly-therapeutic Fungal Alkaloids of Claviceps purpurea" -- "8.1 Introduction" -- "8.2 Composition of Claviceps and Chemistry of the Ergots" -- "8.3 General Pharmacokinetic Aspects Associated with Claviceps" -- "8.4 Pharmacology of Claviceps" -- "8.5 Drugs Derived from Claviceps" -- "8.5.1 Methysergide" -- "8.5.2 Ergotamine" -- "8.5.3 Dihydroergotamine" -- "8.5.4 Ergometrine (Ergonovine)" -- "8.5.5 Pergolide" -- "8.5.6 Ergoloid Mesylates (Hydergine)" -- "8.5.7 Bromocriptine" -- "8.5.8 Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD)" -- "8.6 Future Perspectives" -- "8.7 Conclusions" -- "References" -- "9: Recent Advance on Bioactive Compounds from the Edible and Medicinal Fungi in China" -- "9.1 Introduction" -- "9.2 Terpenoids" -- "9.2.1 Monoterpenoids" -- "9.2.2 Sesquiterpenoids" -- "9.2.2.1 Flammulina velutipes" -- "9.2.2.2 Pleurotus cystidiosus" -- "9.2.2.3 Pleurotus cornucopiae" -- "9.2.2.4 Pleurotus citrinopileatus" -- "9.2.2.5 Laetiporus sulphureus"
"9.2.2.6 Xylaria nigripes" -- "9.2.2.7 Boletus edulis" -- "9.2.2.8 Inonotus vaninii" -- "9.2.2.9 Ganoderma sinense" -- "9.2.2.10 Dictyophora indusiata" -- "9.2.3 Diterpenoids" -- "9.2.3.1 Cyathus spp." -- "9.2.3.2 Hericium erinaceus" -- "9.2.3.3 Pleurotus eryngii" -- "9.2.4 Triterpenoids" -- "9.2.4.1 Ganoderma boninense" -- "9.2.4.2 Ganoderma leucocontextum" -- "9.2.4.3 Ganoderma lucidum" -- "9.2.4.4 Ganoderma sinense" -- "9.2.4.5 Ganoderma cochlear" -- "9.2.4.6 Laetiporus sulphureus" -- "9.2.4.7 Pleurotus eryngii" -- "9.3 Meroterpenoids" -- "9.3.1 Shikimate-Terpenoids" -- "9.3.1.1 Ganoderma lucidum" -- "9.3.1.2 Ganoderma lingzhi" -- "9.3.1.3 Ganoderma sinensis" -- "9.3.1.4 Ganoderma cochlear" -- "9.3.1.5 Ganoderma applanatum" -- "9.3.1.6 Ganoderma leucocontextum" -- "9.3.1.7 Ganoderma capense" -- "9.3.2 Polyketide-Terpenoids" -- "9.3.2.1 Hericium erinaceus" -- "9.3.2.2 Antrodia camphorata" -- "9.3.2.3 Armillaria mellea" -- "9.4 Polyketide" -- "9.4.1 Neolentinus lepideus" -- "9.4.2 Pleurotus spp." -- "9.5 Alkaloids and Other Nitrogen-Containing Compounds" -- "9.5.1 Hericium erinaceus" -- "9.5.2 Lepista sordida" -- "9.5.3 Ganoderma spp." -- "9.6 Conclusion" -- "References" -- "10: Endophytes from Malaysian Medicinal Plants as Sources for Discovering Anticancer Agents" -- "10.1 Introduction" -- "10.2 Endophytes from Medicinal Plants" -- "10.3 Anticancer Agents Derived from Endophytes from Malaysian Medicinal Plants" -- "10.4 Malaysian Marine Plants as Source of Endophytic Fungi" -- "10.5 Biosourcing for Endophytes Producing Anticancer Compounds" -- "10.6 Malaysian Medicinal Plants: Potential Hosts for Endophytes Producing Anticancer Compounds" -- "10.7 Conclusions and Future Prospects" -- "References" -- "11: Mushrooms: A Pandora Box of Cardioprotective Phytochemicals" -- "11.1 Introduction"
"11.2 Pathophysiology of CVD"
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