Len Bass, Paul Clements, Rick Kazman

Software Architecture in Practice

4. Auflage
Erscheinungsjahr: 2021
Print-ISBN: 978-0-13-688609-9
E-ISBN: 978-0-13-688567-2
Seiten: 464
Sprache: Englisch

Zusammenfassung

The Definitive, Practical, Proven Guide to Architecting Modern Software--Fully Updated with New Content on Mobility, the Cloud, Energy Management, DevOps, Quantum Computing, and More

Updated with eleven new chapters, Software Architecture in Practice, Fourth Edition, thoroughly explains what software architecture is, why it's important, and how to design, instantiate, analyze, evolve, and manage it in disciplined and effective ways.

Three renowned software architects cover the entire lifecycle, presenting practical guidance, expert methods, and tested models for use in any project, no matter how complex. You'll learn how to use architecture to address accelerating growth in requirements, system size, and abstraction, and to manage emergent quality attributes as systems are dynamically combined in new ways.

With insights for utilizing architecture to optimize key quality attributes--including performance, modifiability, security, availability, interoperability, testability, usability, deployability, and more--this guide explains how to manage and refine existing architectures, transform them to solve new problems, and build reusable architectures that become strategic business assets.

Discover how architecture in uences (and is influenced by) technical environments, project lifecycles, business profiles, and your own practices
Leverage proven patterns, interfaces, and practices for optimizing quality through architecture
Architect for mobility, the cloud, machine learning, and quantum computing
Design for increasingly crucial attributes such as energy efficiency and safety
Scale systems by discovering architecturally significant influences, using DevOps and deployment pipelines, and managing architecture debt
Understand architecture's role in the organization, so you can deliver more value

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Cover

1

-

1
Half Title

2

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3
Title Page

4

-

4
Copyright Page

5

-

5
Contents

6

-

15
Preface

16

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17
Acknowledgments

18

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19
+

PART I: INTRODUCTION

20

-

57
- +
  
  CHAPTER 1 What Is Software Architecture?
  
  20
  
  -
  
  43
  - 1.1 What Software Architecture Is and What It Isn’t
    
    21
    
    -
    
    23
  - 1.2 Architectural Structures and Views
    
    24
    
    -
    
    37
  - 1.3 What Makes a “Good” Architecture?
    
    38
    
    -
    
    39
  - 1.4 Summary
    
    40
    
    -
    
    39
  - 1.5 For Further Reading
    
    40
    
    -
    
    40
  - 1.6 Discussion Questions
    
    40
    
    -
    
    43
- +
  
  CHAPTER 2 Why Is Software Architecture Important?
  
  44
  
  -
  
  55
  - 2.1 Inhibiting or Enabling a System’s Quality Attributes
    
    45
    
    -
    
    45
  - 2.2 Reasoning about and Managing Change
    
    46
    
    -
    
    46
  - 2.3 Predicting System Qualities
    
    47
    
    -
    
    46
  - 2.4 Communication among Stakeholders
    
    47
    
    -
    
    49
  - 2.5 Early Design Decisions
    
    50
    
    -
    
    49
  - 2.6 Constraints on Implementation
    
    50
    
    -
    
    50
  - 2.7 Influences on Organizational Structure
    
    51
    
    -
    
    51
  - 2.8 Enabling Incremental Development
    
    52
    
    -
    
    51
  - 2.9 Cost and Schedule Estimates
    
    52
    
    -
    
    52
  - 2.10 Transferable, Reusable Model
    
    53
    
    -
    
    52
  - 2.11 Architecture Allows Incorporation of Independently Developed Elements
    
    53
    
    -
    
    53
  - 2.12 Restricting the Vocabulary of Design Alternatives
    
    54
    
    -
    
    54
  - 2.13 A Basis for Training
    
    55
    
    -
    
    54
  - 2.14 Summary
    
    55
    
    -
    
    55
  - 2.15 For Further Reading
    
    55
    
    -
    
    55
  - 2.16 Discussion Questions
    
    55
    
    -
    
    57
+

PART II: QUALITY ATTRIBUTES

58

-

235
- +
  
  CHAPTER 3 Understanding Quality Attributes
  
  58
  
  -
  
  69
  - 3.1 Functionality
    
    59
    
    -
    
    59
  - 3.2 Quality Attribute Considerations
    
    60
    
    -
    
    60
  - 3.3 Specifying Quality Attribute Requirements: Quality Attribute Scenarios
    
    61
    
    -
    
    63
  - 3.4 Achieving Quality Attributes through Architectural Patterns and Tactics
    
    64
    
    -
    
    64
  - 3.5 Designing with Tactics
    
    65
    
    -
    
    66
  - 3.6 Analyzing Quality Attribute Design Decisions: Tactics-Based Questionnaires
    
    67
    
    -
    
    67
  - 3.7 Summary
    
    68
    
    -
    
    67
  - 3.8 For Further Reading
    
    68
    
    -
    
    68
  - 3.9 Discussion Questions
    
    68
    
    -
    
    69
- +
  
  CHAPTER 4 Availability
  
  70
  
  -
  
  89
  - 4.1 Availability General Scenario
    
    72
    
    -
    
    73
  - 4.2 Tactics for Availability
    
    74
    
    -
    
    80
  - 4.3 Tactics-Based Questionnaire for Availability
    
    81
    
    -
    
    84
  - 4.4 Patterns for Availability
    
    85
    
    -
    
    86
  - 4.5 For Further Reading
    
    87
    
    -
    
    87
  - 4.6 Discussion Questions
    
    87
    
    -
    
    89
- +
  
  CHAPTER 5 Deployability
  
  90
  
  -
  
  107
  - 5.1 Continuous Deployment
    
    91
    
    -
    
    93
  - 5.2 Deployability
    
    94
    
    -
    
    94
  - 5.3 Deployability General Scenario
    
    95
    
    -
    
    96
  - 5.4 Tactics for Deployability
    
    97
    
    -
    
    98
  - 5.5 Tactics-Based Questionnaire for Deployability
    
    99
    
    -
    
    99
  - 5.6 Patterns for Deployability
    
    100
    
    -
    
    105
  - 5.7 For Further Reading
    
    106
    
    -
    
    105
  - 5.8 Discussion Questions
    
    105
    
    -
    
    107
- +
  
  CHAPTER 6 Energy Efficiency
  
  108
  
  -
  
  119
  - 6.1 Energy Efficiency General Scenario
    
    109
    
    -
    
    110
  - 6.2 Tactics for Energy Efficiency
    
    111
    
    -
    
    113
  - 6.3 Tactics-Based Questionnaire for Energy Efficiency
    
    114
    
    -
    
    115
  - 6.4 Patterns
    
    116
    
    -
    
    116
  - 6.5 For Further Reading
    
    117
    
    -
    
    117
  - 6.6 Discussion Questions
    
    117
    
    -
    
    119
- +
  
  CHAPTER 7 Integrability
  
  120
  
  -
  
  135
  - 7.1 Evaluating the Integrability of an Architecture
    
    121
    
    -
    
    122
  - 7.2 General Scenario for Integrability
    
    123
    
    -
    
    123
  - 7.3 Integrability Tactics
    
    124
    
    -
    
    128
  - 7.4 Tactics-Based Questionnaire for Integrability
    
    129
    
    -
    
    130
  - 7.5 Patterns
    
    131
    
    -
    
    132
  - 7.6 For Further Reading
    
    133
    
    -
    
    133
  - 7.7 Discussion Questions
    
    133
    
    -
    
    135
- +
  
  CHAPTER 8 Modifiability
  
  136
  
  -
  
  151
  - 8.1 Modifiability General Scenario
    
    139
    
    -
    
    139
  - 8.2 Tactics for Modifiability
    
    140
    
    -
    
    143
  - 8.3 Tactics-Based Questionnaire for Modifiability
    
    144
    
    -
    
    144
  - 8.4 Patterns
    
    145
    
    -
    
    148
  - 8.5 For Further Reading
    
    149
    
    -
    
    149
  - 8.6 Discussion Questions
    
    149
    
    -
    
    151
- +
  
  CHAPTER 9 Performance
  
  152
  
  -
  
  169
  - 9.1 Performance General Scenario
    
    153
    
    -
    
    155
  - 9.2 Tactics for Performance
    
    156
    
    -
    
    163
  - 9.3 Tactics-Based Questionnaire for Performance
    
    164
    
    -
    
    164
  - 9.4 Patterns for Performance
    
    165
    
    -
    
    167
  - 9.5 For Further Reading
    
    168
    
    -
    
    168
  - 9.6 Discussion Questions
    
    168
    
    -
    
    169
- +
  
  CHAPTER 10 Safety
  
  170
  
  -
  
  187
  - 10.1 Safety General Scenario
    
    173
    
    -
    
    174
  - 10.2 Tactics for Safety
    
    175
    
    -
    
    178
  - 10.3 Tactics-Based Questionnaire for Safety
    
    179
    
    -
    
    181
  - 10.4 Patterns for Safety
    
    182
    
    -
    
    183
  - 10.5 For Further Reading
    
    184
    
    -
    
    184
  - 10.6 Discussion Questions
    
    184
    
    -
    
    187
- +
  
  CHAPTER 11 Security
  
  188
  
  -
  
  201
  - 11.1 Security General Scenario
    
    189
    
    -
    
    190
  - 11.2 Tactics for Security
    
    191
    
    -
    
    194
  - 11.3 Tactics-Based Questionnaire for Security
    
    195
    
    -
    
    197
  - 11.4 Patterns for Security
    
    198
    
    -
    
    198
  - 11.5 For Further Reading
    
    199
    
    -
    
    198
  - 11.6 Discussion Questions
    
    198
    
    -
    
    201
- +
  
  CHAPTER 12 Testability
  
  202
  
  -
  
  215
  - 12.1 Testability General Scenario
    
    205
    
    -
    
    205
  - 12.2 Tactics for Testability
    
    206
    
    -
    
    210
  - 12.3 Tactics-Based Questionnaire for Testability
    
    211
    
    -
    
    210
  - 12.4 Patterns for Testability
    
    211
    
    -
    
    212
  - 12.5 For Further Reading
    
    213
    
    -
    
    213
  - 12.6 Discussion Questions
    
    213
    
    -
    
    215
- +
  
  CHAPTER 13 Usability
  
  216
  
  -
  
  225
  - 13.1 Usability General Scenario
    
    217
    
    -
    
    218
  - 13.2 Tactics for Usability
    
    219
    
    -
    
    220
  - 13.3 Tactics-Based Questionnaire for Usability
    
    221
    
    -
    
    221
  - 13.4 Patterns for Usability
    
    222
    
    -
    
    223
  - 13.5 For Further Reading
    
    224
    
    -
    
    223
  - 13.6 Discussion Questions
    
    223
    
    -
    
    225
- +
  
  CHAPTER 14 Working with Other Quality Attributes
  
  226
  
  -
  
  233
  - 14.1 Other Kinds of Quality Attributes
    
    226
    
    -
    
    227
  - 14.2 Using Standard Lists of Quality Attributes—Or Not
    
    228
    
    -
    
    230
  - 14.3 Dealing with “X-Ability”: Bringing a New QA into the Fold
    
    231
    
    -
    
    233
  - 14.4 For Further Reading
    
    233
    
    -
    
    233
  - 14.5 Discussion Questions
    
    233
    
    -
    
    235
+

PART III: ARCHITECTURAL SOLUTIONS

236

-

295
- +
  
  CHAPTER 15 Software Interfaces
  
  236
  
  -
  
  251
  - 15.1 Interface Concepts
    
    237
    
    -
    
    240
  - 15.2 Designing an Interface
    
    241
    
    -
    
    246
  - 15.3 Documenting the Interface
    
    247
    
    -
    
    248
  - 15.4 Summary
    
    249
    
    -
    
    248
  - 15.5 For Further Reading
    
    249
    
    -
    
    249
  - 15.6 Discussion Questions
    
    249
    
    -
    
    251
- +
  
  CHAPTER 16 Virtualization
  
  252
  
  -
  
  265
  - 16.1 Shared Resources
    
    253
    
    -
    
    253
  - 16.2 Virtual Machines
    
    254
    
    -
    
    256
  - 16.3 VM Images
    
    257
    
    -
    
    257
  - 16.4 Containers
    
    258
    
    -
    
    259
  - 16.5 Containers and VMs
    
    260
    
    -
    
    260
  - 16.6 Container Portability
    
    261
    
    -
    
    260
  - 16.7 Pods
    
    261
    
    -
    
    261
  - 16.8 Serverless Architecture
    
    262
    
    -
    
    262
  - 16.9 Summary
    
    263
    
    -
    
    263
  - 16.10 For Further Reading
    
    264
    
    -
    
    263
  - 16.11 Discussion Questions
    
    263
    
    -
    
    265
- +
  
  CHAPTER 17 The Cloud and Distributed Computing
  
  266
  
  -
  
  281
  - 17.1 Cloud Basics
    
    267
    
    -
    
    269
  - 17.2 Failure in the Cloud
    
    270
    
    -
    
    271
  - 17.3 Using Multiple Instances to Improve Performance and Availability
    
    272
    
    -
    
    279
  - 17.4 Summary
    
    280
    
    -
    
    280
  - 17.5 For Further Reading
    
    281
    
    -
    
    280
  - 17.6 Discussion Questions
    
    280
    
    -
    
    281
- +
  
  CHAPTER 18 Mobile Systems
  
  282
  
  -
  
  293
  - 18.1 Energy
    
    283
    
    -
    
    284
  - 18.2 Network Connectivity
    
    285
    
    -
    
    285
  - 18.3 Sensors and Actuators
    
    286
    
    -
    
    286
  - 18.4 Resources
    
    287
    
    -
    
    288
  - 18.5 Life Cycle
    
    289
    
    -
    
    291
  - 18.6 Summary
    
    292
    
    -
    
    292
  - 18.7 For Further Reading
    
    292
    
    -
    
    293
  - 18.8 Discussion Questions
    
    293
    
    -
    
    295
+

PART IV: SCALABLE ARCHITECTURE PRACTICES

296

-

385
- +
  
  CHAPTER 19 Architecturally Significant Requirements
  
  296
  
  -
  
  307
  - 19.1 Gathering ASRs from Requirements Documents
    
    297
    
    -
    
    297
  - 19.2 Gathering ASRs by Interviewing Stakeholders
    
    298
    
    -
    
    300
  - 19.3 Gathering ASRs by Understanding the Business Goals
    
    301
    
    -
    
    302
  - 19.4 Capturing ASRs in a Utility Tree
    
    303
    
    -
    
    304
  - 19.5 Change Happens
    
    305
    
    -
    
    304
  - 19.6 Summary
    
    305
    
    -
    
    305
  - 19.7 For Further Reading
    
    306
    
    -
    
    305
  - 19.8 Discussion Questions
    
    305
    
    -
    
    307
- +
  
  CHAPTER 20 Designing an Architecture
  
  308
  
  -
  
  327
  - 20.1 Attribute-Driven Design
    
    308
    
    -
    
    310
  - 20.2 The Steps of ADD
    
    311
    
    -
    
    313
  - 20.3 More on ADD Step 4: Choose One or More Design Concepts
    
    314
    
    -
    
    316
  - 20.4 More on ADD Step 5: Producing Structures
    
    317
    
    -
    
    319
  - 20.5 More on ADD Step 6: Creating Preliminary Documentation during the Design
    
    320
    
    -
    
    322
  - 20.6 More on ADD Step 7: Perform Analysis of the Current Design and Review the Iteration Goal and Achievement of the Design Purpose
    
    323
    
    -
    
    324
  - 20.7 Summary
    
    325
    
    -
    
    324
  - 20.8 For Further Reading
    
    325
    
    -
    
    325
  - 20.9 Discussion Questions
    
    325
    
    -
    
    327
- +
  
  CHAPTER 21 Evaluating an Architecture
  
  328
  
  -
  
  347
  - 21.1 Evaluation as a Risk Reduction Activity
    
    328
    
    -
    
    328
  - 21.2 What Are the Key Evaluation Activities?
    
    329
    
    -
    
    329
  - 21.3 Who Can Perform the Evaluation?
    
    330
    
    -
    
    330
  - 21.4 Contextual Factors
    
    331
    
    -
    
    331
  - 21.5 The Architecture Tradeoff Analysis Method
    
    332
    
    -
    
    342
  - 21.6 Lightweight Architecture Evaluation
    
    343
    
    -
    
    344
  - 21.7 Summary
    
    345
    
    -
    
    345
  - 21.8 For Further Reading
    
    346
    
    -
    
    345
  - 21.9 Discussion Questions
    
    345
    
    -
    
    347
- +
  
  CHAPTER 22 Documenting an Architecture
  
  348
  
  -
  
  373
  - 22.1 Uses and Audiences for Architecture Documentation
    
    349
    
    -
    
    349
  - 22.2 Notations
    
    350
    
    -
    
    350
  - 22.3 Views
    
    351
    
    -
    
    357
  - 22.4 Combining Views
    
    358
    
    -
    
    358
  - 22.5 Documenting Behavior
    
    359
    
    -
    
    363
  - 22.6 Beyond Views
    
    364
    
    -
    
    364
  - 22.7 Documenting the Rationale
    
    365
    
    -
    
    365
  - 22.8 Architecture Stakeholders
    
    366
    
    -
    
    368
  - 22.9 Practical Considerations
    
    369
    
    -
    
    371
  - 22.10 Summary
    
    372
    
    -
    
    371
  - 22.11 For Further Reading
    
    372
    
    -
    
    372
  - 22.12 Discussion Questions
    
    372
    
    -
    
    373
- +
  
  CHAPTER 23 Managing Architecture Debt
  
  374
  
  -
  
  383
  - 23.1 Determining Whether You Have an Architecture Debt Problem
    
    375
    
    -
    
    376
  - 23.2 Discovering Hotspots
    
    377
    
    -
    
    380
  - 23.3 Example
    
    381
    
    -
    
    381
  - 23.4 Automation
    
    382
    
    -
    
    382
  - 23.5 Summary
    
    383
    
    -
    
    382
  - 23.6 For Further Reading
    
    382
    
    -
    
    383
  - 23.7 Discussion Questions
    
    383
    
    -
    
    385
+

PART V: ARCHITECTURE AND THE ORGANIZATION

386

-

409
- +
  
  CHAPTER 24 The Role of Architects in Projects
  
  386
  
  -
  
  397
  - 24.1 The Architect and the Project Manager
    
    386
    
    -
    
    387
  - 24.2 Incremental Architecture and Stakeholders
    
    388
    
    -
    
    388
  - 24.3 Architecture and Agile Development
    
    389
    
    -
    
    391
  - 24.4 Architecture and Distributed Development
    
    392
    
    -
    
    394
  - 24.5 Summary
    
    395
    
    -
    
    394
  - 24.6 For Further Reading
    
    395
    
    -
    
    395
  - 24.7 Discussion Questions
    
    395
    
    -
    
    397
- +
  
  CHAPTER 25 Architecture Competence
  
  398
  
  -
  
  407
  - 25.1 Competence of Individuals: Duties, Skills, and Knowledge of Architects
    
    398
    
    -
    
    404
  - 25.2 Competence of a Software Architecture Organization
    
    405
    
    -
    
    405
  - 25.3 Become a Better Architect
    
    406
    
    -
    
    406
  - 25.4 Summary
    
    407
    
    -
    
    406
  - 25.5 For Further Reading
    
    406
    
    -
    
    407
  - 25.6 Discussion Questions
    
    407
    
    -
    
    409
+

PART VI: CONCLUSIONS

410

-

417
- +
  
  CHAPTER 26 A Glimpse of the Future: Quantum Computing
  
  410
  
  -
  
  416
  - 26.1 Single Qubit
    
    411
    
    -
    
    412
  - 26.2 Quantum Teleportation
    
    413
    
    -
    
    412
  - 26.3 Quantum Computing and Encryption
    
    413
    
    -
    
    413
  - 26.4 Other Algorithms
    
    414
    
    -
    
    414
  - 26.5 Potential Applications
    
    415
    
    -
    
    415
  - 26.6 Final Thoughts
    
    415
    
    -
    
    416
  - 26.7 For Further Reading
    
    416
    
    -
    
    417
References

418

-

433
About the Authors

434

-

435
+

Index

436

-

453
- A
  
  436
  
  -
  
  437
- B
  
  438
  
  -
  
  437
- C
  
  438
  
  -
  
  439
- D
  
  440
  
  -
  
  440
- E
  
  441
  
  -
  
  441
- F
  
  442
  
  -
  
  441
- G
  
  442
  
  -
  
  442
- H
  
  443
  
  -
  
  442
- I
  
  443
  
  -
  
  443
- J
  
  444
  
  -
  
  443
- L
  
  444
  
  -
  
  443
- M
  
  444
  
  -
  
  444
- N
  
  445
  
  -
  
  445
- O
  
  446
  
  -
  
  445
- P
  
  446
  
  -
  
  446
- Q
  
  447
  
  -
  
  447
- R
  
  448
  
  -
  
  448
- S
  
  449
  
  -
  
  451
- T
  
  452
  
  -
  
  452
- U
  
  453
  
  -
  
  452
- V
  
  453
  
  -
  
  453
- W
  
  454
  
  -
  
  453
- X
  
  453
  
  -
  
  453
- Z
  
  454
  
  -
  
  460

Software Architecture in Practice

Zusammenfassung

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Über die Autoren

Len Bass

Paul Clements

Rick Kazman

Weitere Beiträge zur Thematik

Software Architecture in Practice

Zusammenfassung

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Über die Autoren

Len Bass

Paul Clements

Rick Kazman

Weitere Beiträge zur Thematik

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