Plant polyphenols against UV-C-induced Cellular Death

 

 Buy Article Permissions and Reprints

Abstract

The glycosylated phenylpropanoid verbascoside isolated from cultured cells of the medicinal plant Syringa vulgaris (Oleaceae) has previously been characterized as an effective scavenger of biologically active free radicals such as hydroxyl, superoxide, and nitric oxide, as a chelator of redox active transition metal ions (Fe²⁺, Fe³⁺, Cu²⁺, and Ni²⁺), and an inhibitor of lipid peroxidation. In the present work, we have compared the cytoprotective effects of the biotechnologically produced verbascoside with two commercially available polyphenols (the glycosylated flavonoid rutin and its aglycone quercetin) against free radical-mediated UVC-induced cellular death in cultures of human keratinocytes (HaCaT) and breast cancer cells (MCF 7). We have shown that all the polyphenols studied afforded effective protection against UVC-induced necrosis and did not prevent UVC-induced apoptosis in both normal and tumor cell lines. The cytoprotection did not correlate either with UVC absorbance by polyphenols or with their superoxide radical scavenging properties. However, UVC protection strongly depended on the lipid peroxidation inhibiting and Fe²⁺ chelating properties of polyphenols. We suggest that these plant polyphenols could be feasible for a photoprotection of human skin.

Abbreviations

AO:acridine orange

DMEM:Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium

EB:ethidium bromide

EDTA:ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid

FCS:fetal calf serum

GST:glutathione S-transferase

LDH:lactate dehydrogenase

MTT:3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphe- nyltetrazolium bromide

TBARS:thiobarbituric acid reactive substances

UV-C:ultraviolet C

VB:verbascoside

References

• 1 Gomez-Vasquez R, Day R, Buschmann H, Randles S, Beeching J R, Cooper R M. Phenylpropanoids, phenylalanine ammonia lyase and peroxidases in elicitor-challenged Cassava (Manihot esculenta) suspension cells and leaves.  Ann Bot. 2004;  94 87-97
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 2 Guillet G, De Luca V. Wound-inducible biosynthesis of phytoalexin hydroxycinnamic acid amides of tyramine in tryptophan and tyrosine decarboxylase transgenic tobacco lines.  Plant Physiol. 2005;  137 692-9
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 3 Hiroshi H, Yang S F. Ethylene-enhanced synthesis of phenyl ammonia lyase in pea seedlings.  Plant Physiol. 1971;  47 765-70
  PubMedGoogle Scholar
• 4 Dixon R A, Paiva N L. Stress-induced phenylpropanoid metabolism.  Plant Cell. 1995;  7 1085-97
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 5 Lavola A, Aphalo P J, Lahti M, Julkunen-Tiitto R. Nutrient availability and the effect of increasing UV-B radiation on secondary plant compounds in Scots pine.  Environ Exp Bot. 2003;  49 49-60
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 6 Turunen M, Latola K. UV-B radiation and acclimation in timberline plants.  Environ Pollut. 2005;  137 390-403
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 7 Korkina L G, Afanas’ev I B. Antioxidant and chelating properties of flavonoids.  Adv Pharmacol. 1997;  38 151-63
  PubMedGoogle Scholar
• 8 Denisov E, Afanas’ev I. Oxidation and antioxidants in organic chemistry and biology. Boca Raton, London, New York, Singapore; CBC Taylor & Francis Gro 2005: 981-1024
  Google Scholar
• 9 Galey J -B. Potential use of iron chelators against oxidative damage.  Adv Pharmacol. 1997;  38 167-203
  PubMedGoogle Scholar
• 10 Kostyuk V A, Potapovich A I, Vladykovskaya E N, Korkina L G, Afanas′ev I B. Influence of metal ions on flavonoid protection against asbestos-induced cell injury.  Arch Biochem Biophys. 2001;  385 129-37
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 11 Kurkin V A. Phenylpropanoids from medicinal plants: distribution, classification, structural analysis, and biological activity.  Chem Nat Compounds. 2003;  39 123-53
  PubMedGoogle Scholar
• 12 Korkina L G. Phenylpropanoids as naturally occurring antioxidants: from plant defense to human health.  Cell Mol Biol . 2007;  53 15-25
  PubMedGoogle Scholar
• 13 Korkina L G, Mikhal’chik E, Suprun M V, Pastore S, Dal Toso R. Molecular mechanisms underlying wound healing and anti-inflammatory properties of naturally occurring biotechnologically produced phenylpropanoid glycosides.  Cell Mol Biol. 2007;  53 84-91
  PubMedGoogle Scholar
• 14 Namdeo A G. Plant cell elicitation for production of secondary metabolites: a review.  Pharmacognosy Rev. 2007;  1 69-79
  PubMedGoogle Scholar
• 15 Habig W H, Pabst M J, Jakoby W B. Glutathione S-transferases: The first enzymatic step in mercapturic acid formation.  J Biol Chem. 1974;  249 7130-9
  PubMedGoogle Scholar
• 16 Aebi H. Catalase in vitro .  Methods Enzymol. 1984;  105 121-6
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 17 Lizard G, Fournel S, Genestier L, Dhedin N, Chaput C, Flacher M. et al . Kinetics of plasma membrane and mitochondrial alterations in cells undergoing apoptosis.  Cytometry. 1995;  21 275-83
  PubMedGoogle Scholar
• 18 Van Laethem A, Nys K, Van Kelst S, Claerhout S, Ichijo H, Vanderheede J R. et al . Apoptosis signal regulating kinase-1 connects reactive oxygen species to p38 MAPK-induced mitochondrial apoptosis in UVB-irradiated human keratinocytes.  Free Radic Biol Med. 2006;  41 1361-71
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 19 Mossman T R. Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assays.  J Immunol Methods. 1983;  65 55-63
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 20 Rezvani H R, Mazurier F, Cario-André M, Pain C, Ged C, Taïeb A. et al . Protective effects of catalase overexpression on UVB-induced apoptosis in normal human keratinocytes.  J Biol Chem. 2006;  281 17 999-8007
  PubMedGoogle Scholar
• 21 Klotz L -O, Holbrook N J, Sies H. UVA and singlet oxygen as inducers of cutaneous signaling events.  Curr Probl Dermatol. 2001;  29 95-113
  PubMedGoogle Scholar
• 22 Kulms D, Schwarz T. Molecular mechanisms involved in UV-induced apoptotic cell death.  Skin Pharmacol Appl Skin Physiol. 2002;  15 342-47
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 23 Kulms D, Schwarz T. Molecular mechanisms of UV-induced apoptosis.  Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2000;  16 195-201
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar

Prof. Dr. Vladimir Kostyuk

Laboratory of Tissue Engineering & Cutaneous Physiopathology

Dermatology Research Hospital (Istituto Dermopatico dell’Immacolata, IDI IRCCS)

Via Monti di Creta 104

00167 Rome 00167

Italy

Phone: +39-06-911-2193

Fax: +39-06-6646-4253

Email: u.kastsiuk@idi.it

• Supplementary Material