Abstract
Androgen-dependent human prostate adenocarcinoma cell line LNCaP was used to study the effect of androgen deprivation on the cell response to TNF-related cytokines. Several signaling pathways were implicated in cell survival in the absence of androgens. In androgen-deprived LNCaP cells, TNF-α and TRAIL stimulated the cell growth and activated the mitogenic and antiapoptotic signaling pathways involving NF-κB, STAT3, PI3K, and β-catenin. The results suggested a role of cytokines in the survival of prostate adenocarcinoma cells deprived of androgens in vitro.
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
Isaacs J.T., Lundmo P.I., Berges R., Martikainen P., Kyprianou N., English H.F. 1992. Androgen regulation of programmed death of normal and malignant prostatic cells. J. Androl. 13, 457–464.
Richard A., Hipakka J.M, Yoshihisa U. 1996. Human prostate tumor growth in athymic mice and stimulation by finasteride. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 93, 1180–11807.
Furuya Y., Isaacs J.T. 1993. Differential gene regulation during programmed death (apoptosis) versus proliferation of prostatic glandular cells induced by androgen manipulation. Endocrinology. 133, 2660–2666.
Dies J., Dobbelsteen C., Stefan I., Nobel J., Schlegel A., Cotgrave O. 1996. Rapid and specific efflux of reduced glutathione during apoptosis induced by anti-Fas/apo-1 antibody. J. Biol. Chem. 271, 15420–15427.
Lozano E., Cano A. 1998. Cadherin/catenin complexes in murine epidermal keratinocytes: E-cadherin complexes containing either beta-catenin or plakoglobin contribute to stable cell-cell contacts. Cell Adhes. Commun. 6, 51–67.
Reuther J.Y., Baldwin A.S., Jr. 1999. Apoptosis promotes a caspase-induced amino-terminal truncation of IkappaBalpha that functions as a stable inhibitor of NF-κB. J. Biol. Chem. 274, 20664–20670.
Korinek V., Barker N., Morin P.J., van Wichen D., de Weger R., Kinzler K.W., Vogelstein B., Clevers H. 1997. Constitutive transcriptional activation by a β-catenin-Tcf complex in APC -/-colon carcinoma. Science. 275, 178–1787.
Bromberg J.F., Fan Z., Brown C., Mendelsohn J., Darnell J.E., Jr. 1998. Epidermal growth factor-induced growth inhibition requires Stat1 activation. Cell Growth Differ. 9, 505–512.
Bromberg J.F., Wrzeszczynska M.H., Devgan G., Zhao Y., Pestell R.G., Albanese C., Darnell J.E., Jr. 1999. Stat3 as an oncogene. Cell. 98, 295–303.
Denmeade S.R., Lin X.S., Isaacs J.T. 1996. Role of programmed cell death (apoptosis) during the progression and therapy for prostate cancer. Prostate. 28, 251–265.
Martikainen P., Kuprianou N., Isaacs J.T. 1990. Effect of transforming growth factor-beta 1 on proliferation and death of rat prostatic cells. Endocrinology. 127, 296–2968.
Kemler R. 1993. From cadherins to catenins: cytoplasmic protein interactions and regulation of cell adhesion. Trends Genet. 9, 317–321.
Peifer M. 1997. β-catenin as oncogene: the smoking gun. Science. 275, 1752–1753.
Palacios J., Gamallo C. 1998. Mutations in the β-catenin gene (CTNNB1) in endometrioid ovarian carcinomas. Cancer Res. 58, 1344–1347.
Potempa S., Ridley A.J. 1998. Activation of both MAP kinase and phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase by Ras is required for hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor-induced adherens junction disassembly. Mol. Biol. Cell. 9, 2185–2200.
Sander E.E., van Delft S., ten Klooster J.P., Reid T., van der Kammen R.A., Michiels F., Collard J.G. 1998. Matrix-dependent Tiam1/Rac signaling in epithelial cells promotes either cell-cell adhesion or cell migration and is regulated by phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. J. Cell Biol. 143, 1385–1398.
Espada J., Perez-Moreno M., Braga V.M., Rodriguez-Viciana P., Cano A. 1999. H-Ras acivation promotes cytoplasmic accumulation and phosphoinositide 3-OH kinase association of β-catenin in epidermal keratinocytes. J. Cell Biol. 146, 967–980.
Furuya Y., Isaacs J.T. 1993. Differential gene regulation during programmed death (apoptosis) versus proliferation of prostatic glandular cells induced by androgen manipulation. Endocrinology. 133, 2660–2666.
Foo S.Y., Nolan G.P. 1999. NF-κB to the rescue: RELs, apoptosis and cellular transformation. Trends Genet. 15, 229–235.
Karin M. 1999. The beginning of the end: IκB kinase (IKK) and NF-βB activation. J. Biol. Chem. 274, 27339–27342.
Odajima J., Matsumura I., Sonoyama J., Daino H., Kawasaki A., Tanaka H., Inohara N., Kitamura T., Downward J., Nakajima K., Hirano T., Kanakura Y. 2000. Full oncogenic activities of v-Src are mediated by multiple signaling pathways. J. Biol. Chem. 275, 2409–24105.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Adler, V.V., Polotskaya, A.V., Gershtein, E.S. et al. Signaling Pathways That Control the Growth and Survival of Prostate Carcinoma Cells in the Absence of Androgens. Molecular Biology 37, 585–590 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1025143528771
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1025143528771