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Applied Hydrogeophysics pp 195–232Cite as

COLD REGIONS HYDROGEOPHYSICS: PHYSICAL CHARACTERISATION AND MONITORING

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Part of the book series: NATO Science Series ((NAIV,volume 71))

Abstract

The use of geophysical methods to characterize distribution of continuous and discontinuous permafrost has been widely applied (e.g. Arcone et al., 1998; Sullivan et al., 2000; Hauck et al., 2001; Hinkel et al., 2001; Moorman et al., 2003) including ground penetrating radar (GPR), electrical resistivity (ER) and electromagnetic (EM) sounding. Different methods have been employed to study water movement in frozen soils: time domain reflectrometry (TDR), electrical resistivity (ER), EM soundings and self potential (SP). In this chapter the main focus is on the use of geophysical methods to solve hydrological problems in areas with frozen conditions, but also includes examples of characterisation of structures in the permafrost which have an importance for hydrogeological processes in these regions. Frozen and thawed structures in the subsurface may cause water and contaminant pathways which are not intuitively based on traditional soil stratification procedures. Because these structures are temperature dependent there may also be a need to monitor spatio-temporal changes in these structures in order to assess how they may affect flow paths in the ground. Time-lapse measurements may hence be required. To study changes in the soilwater system under frozen or partially frozen conditions can be a challenge; soil water sampling equipment may freeze and destructive methods such as conventional soil sampling is impossible under frozen conditions. The objective of conducting various geophysical methods in a hydrological perspective is to describe flow paths and to improve models for water and solute transport under partially frozen conditions.

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  1. Helen K. French
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH, Germany

    Harry Vereecken

  2. Lancaster University, UK

    Andrew Binley

  3. Università di Milano Bicocca, Italy

    Giorgio Cassiani

  4. Université Aix-Marseille, Aix-en-Provence, France

    Andre Revil

  5. State University of St. Petersburg, Russia

    Konstantin Titov

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French, H.K., Binley, A., Kharkhordin, I., Kulessa, B., Krylov, S.S. (2006). COLD REGIONS HYDROGEOPHYSICS: PHYSICAL CHARACTERISATION AND MONITORING. In: Vereecken, H., Binley, A., Cassiani, G., Revil, A., Titov, K. (eds) Applied Hydrogeophysics. NATO Science Series, vol 71. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-4912-5_7

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