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Potential toxicity of trace elements and nanomaterials to Chinese cabbage in arsenic- and lead-contaminated soil amended with biochars

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Abstract

To our knowledge, this is the first report on exploring the interactive effects of various biochars (BCs) and nanomaterials (NMs) on plant growth and bioavailability of trace elements in soil. This study evaluated the bioavailability and toxicity of arsenic (As), lead (Pb), and NMs to cabbage plants. The BCs were produced from rice husk (RB), sewage sludge, and bamboo wood (WB). The BCs at 2.5 and 5% (w w−1), NMs for removing As (NMs-As) and heavy metals (NMs-HM) at 3000 mg kg−1, and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNT) at 1000 mg kg−1 were applied in bioassay and incubation experiments (40 days), along with the unamended soil as the control. Results showed that the NMs-As and NMs-HM decreased seed germination at 3 days after sowing; however, their toxicity was eliminated by BCs. Growth parameters of cabbage revealed that the CNT was the most toxic NMs, as it was translocated in root and leaf cells, which was confirmed by transmission electron microscopic images. Bioavailable Pb was reduced by 1.2–3.8-folds in all amended rhizosphere and bulk soils. Amendments of 2.5% WB + NMs-As and 2.5% RB + NMs-As significantly decreased both bioavailable As and Pb.

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Change history

  • 27 December 2017

    Unfortunately, in the original publication of the article, Prof. Yong Sik Ok’s affiliation was incorrectly published. The author’s affiliation is as follows.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) Grant funded by the Korea government (NRF-2015R1A2A2A11001432).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Korea Biochar Research Center and School of Natural Resource and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea

    Yasser Mahmoud Awad, Meththika Vithanage, Yong Sik Ok & Sang Soo Lee

  2. Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt

    Yasser Mahmoud Awad

  3. Chemical and Environmental Systems Modeling Research Group, National Institute of Fundamental Studies, Kandy, 20000, Sri Lanka

    Meththika Vithanage

  4. Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan

    Nabeel Khan Niazi

  5. MARUM and Department of Geosciences, University of Bremen, 28359, Bremen, Germany

    Nabeel Khan Niazi

  6. Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan

    Muhammad Rizwan

  7. Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste Management, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, University of Wuppertal, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285, Wuppertal, Germany

    Jörg Rinklebe

  8. Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea

    Jörg Rinklebe

  9. School of Natural Resource and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea

    Jae E. Yang

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  1. Yasser Mahmoud Awad
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Awad, Y.M., Vithanage, M., Niazi, N.K. et al. Potential toxicity of trace elements and nanomaterials to Chinese cabbage in arsenic- and lead-contaminated soil amended with biochars. Environ Geochem Health 41, 1777–1791 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-017-9989-3

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